Tang Bohu's "Yanzhi" | write idle to sell qingshan, do not make the world create evil money

Words

Ming Dynasty Tang Yin

No alchemy, no zazen,

Do not cultivate the land for the merchants.

Idle to write on the green mountain to sell,

Do not make evil money in the world.

Translations

I don't go to alchemy like a Taoist priest in pursuit of immortality, nor do I sit in meditation like a monk; I don't go to be a businessman, and I don't work as a farmer to till the fields.

When I have free time, I paint some paintings to sell, without the money that comes from the wrong way.

exegesis

Jindan: Ancient alchemists refined medicines from gold, dansha, etc. Zazen: Refers to Buddhists meditating and meditating to comprehend the teachings.

Merchant (gǔ): Doing business. Ploughing: Farming.

Write about Aoyama: Painting.

Making evil money: "Creating evil" is originally "creating karma", which is a Buddhist term, that is, to be punished for evil. "Making evil money" means money that comes from the wrong way.

Tang Yin (1470-1523), also known as Bohu (伯虎), Zi Wei (一字子 fear), was a native of Wu County, Suzhou, luguo tangsheng, and a fugitive Zen xian official. Famous painter and writer of the Ming Dynasty. He is said to have been born in the sixth year of Emperor Mingxian's reign. He was cynical and talented, and his poetry was well known, together with Zhu Yunming, Wen Zhengming, and Xu Zhenqing, he was called "The Four Talents of Jiangnan (Wumen Four Talents)", and the name of the painting was changed, and he was called "Wumen Four Families" together with Shen Zhou, Wen Zhengming, and Qiu Ying.

In 1499 (the twelfth year of Emperor Ming's reign), Tang Bohu was stripped of his meritorious name by the Hongzhi Emperor for his participation in the leaking incident, and the facts of the case were verified, and he was arranged to go to Zhejiang to be a small official, Tang Bohu said that "soldiers can also be killed, and they can no longer be humiliated", and categorically refused to return home. Back at home, he was blinded by his family, so Tang Bohu separated from his brother. Therefore, in the second half of Tang Bohu's life for more than twenty years, although his fame was not yet accomplished, his self-adapting interest and the way of life of selling calligraphy and painting brought him the independence of his personality, so he had the feeling of making this poem to speak to the world.

The first two sentences of this poem are borrowed from Ke Jiusi's ink bamboo diagram to discuss, specifically picking out the difficulty and complexity of painting bamboo, expressing the poet's admiration for the aesthetic taste of literati painting. Literati painting originated in the Song Dynasty, the great poet Su Shi was a strong promoter of literati painting, the literati painter Wen Tong was also famous for painting bamboo, and Ke Jiusi painted bamboo on the ancestral Wen Tong. Su Shi once had a special paper on painting bamboo in the article "Wen and Paintable Yundang Valley Yan Bamboo", which pointed out that painting bamboo cannot only talk about the shape, if you do it step by step, the leaves and leaves are tired, there is no bamboo; The painter painting bamboo should first brew in the chest, make it into a bamboo in the chest, and then wave it with the intention. Su Shi's theory, on the one hand, said that painting bamboo cannot be simplified from complexity, and on the other hand, it also shows the theory that Cheng Zhu writes with his heart and mind. Su Shi also said in the poem "The Folded Branches Painted by the Master Book of the King of Yanling": "On paintings in shape, see neighbors with children", which further expressed his artistic views on retransmitting Divine Freehand. Li Dongyang is well versed in the essence of literati painting, and in this poem put forward the concept of artistic creation that it is difficult to paint bamboo, and it is more difficult to be simple than complex.

The last two sentences are the 'art case proof' that the first two sentences are looking for, and in fact, they are also highly praised for the ink and bamboo diagram written by Ke Jiusi in front of him. Artistic creation is not whether it is written in complexity or simplicity, the key lies in whether it can be vivid and vivid, making people feel that the real situation is compelling. Ke Jiusi's painting of bamboo, Xiao Xiao can produce the artistic effect of wind and rain and cold between several leaves, which shows that simplicity is not easy, and although the bamboo with several leaves is simple, it is a virtual reality, and has achieved simple and meaningful artistic achievements. The bamboo of several leaves, its demeanor has the meaning of the wind and rain in the world, and the god of literati painting is wonderful in the brush.

15-23 years old: He is a winner in life and has a happy life. At the age of 16, he won the first place in the Suzhou Provincial Examination.

At the age of 19, he married Xu Tingrui, a famous man in Jiangnan, as his wife, 24-28 years old: During the most tragic period of his life, his parents, wives, children and sisters died one after another, and successive blows made him white overnight. All day long to dispel the worries and buy drunk, used to paralyze the loss of relatives of the painful friend Zhu Zhishan advised him to concentrate on studying again at the age of 19: it was not easy to be the first in the high school examination, and he was sentenced to cheating in the examination, and his meritorious name was gone, and he was imprisoned.

30-39 years old: Selling paintings for a living, drifting around, leaving many heirloom works.

40-45 years old: Working as an errand boy in the palace of king Ning, he found that king Ning wanted to rebel, so he pretended to be crazy and stupid, running naked in the street and shouting, and king Ning believed that he was true and let him go.

45-54 years old: In his later years, Tang Bohu lived in poverty and relied on friends for help. In the end, the generation of talents in poverty fell at the age of 54.