The "MuXixuan" collection is one of the three famous library buildings in the north of the late Qing Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty, and has an extremely important position in the history of Chinese book collection. Li Shengduo, a politician and bibliophile in the late Qing Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty, wrote a unique stroke in the history of Chinese book collection with his unique experience.
Li Shengduo was not only a great bibliophile, but also a lifelong master. And it's collation, versioning. Yuan Kewen and Fu Zengxiang all performed discipleships on him. When he was young, he collaborated with his father in compiling the "Wooden Rhinoceros Series" and "Continuation Engraving". Collecting and researching, Li Shi has compiled a variety of bibliographies for his collection: a manuscript of the Muxixuan Collection of Old Bibliographies, which contains more than 600 kinds of books. At present, the entire collection of "MuXixuan" is owned by the Peking University Library.
Generations of ancestors have collected books from "Mu XiXuan" to the peak of Li Shengduo's period
"Mu Xi Xuan" is the general hall number of the Li Shengduo family collection. It was built in the early years of Daoguang and built by Li Shengduo's great-grandfather Li Shu, and is located under the Lotus Peak in the Lushan Mountains of Tanjiapo, Jiujiang, Jiangxi. The collection of books in "Mu Xi Xuan" has been painstakingly collected by the Li family for generations, and li Shengduo's generation has made its collection reach a brilliant peak. The collection of books is more than 9,000 books and more than 58,000 volumes. With the increase of the collection of books and the promotion of his career, Li Built a Library Building to Classify and Arrange Books. The names are Jianchu Hall, Ganlu Pavilion, Li Qing Pavilion, Gu Xin Pavilion, Lushan Li's Mountain House, the Two Jin And Six Dynasties Sui and Tang Dynasties Miao Mo Zhi Xuan, Yu Ying Guan, Yanchang Library, Fan Jiang Pavilion, Lu Jia Pavilion and so on. In his later years, his Tianjin residence was still named "Mu Xi Xuan".
Li Shengduo was a famous bibliophile in the late Qing Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty, who was proficient in the study of catalog schools. Therefore, the quality of its "MuXixuan" collection was much higher than that of other bibliophiles at that time. It is the most representative library building in the three major libraries in the north during the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China.
"Mu Xi Xuan" inherits the excellent collection of Li Shengduo's great-grandfather, grandfather, father and four generations. His great-grandfather, Li Shu, authored books such as "The Family Training of Yijiatang" and "Folk Remedies". I like to collect books. The "Muxixuan" was built to make a library building with a collection of 100,000 volumes, which was later destroyed by the disaster of war.
His grandfather, Li Wenxiang, served as a classicist in kuiwenge and was in charge of the affairs of the court collection. Perennial supervision of the transport ship to run out. The family was rich, often providing relief to the poor, and had the name of a good man. He is the author of "Biography of Famous Monks of Lushan Mountain" and "Shen Yu Tang Shu Jun" and other books.
His father, Li Mingqi, wrote books such as "Fuxiang Concerto Draft", "Fu Min Song Draft", and "Jin Zhai Ruler Calf". Li Mingqi not only likes to write books, but also likes to collect books and engrave books. Open an engraving workshop and publish a book. There are 26 kinds of "Fan Zi Ji Shu", "Mu Xi Xuan Series", and 6 kinds of "Mu Xi Xuan Series Continuation". The collection of books has reached 100,000 volumes, and the old appearance of the "MuXixuan" collection has been restored. When Li Mingqi died in 1886, the responsibility of his family fell on the only male member of the family, Li Shengduo.
Li Shengduo was born in Tanjiapo, Dehua County (present-day Jiujiang), Jiangxi Province, to a wealthy eunuch family. Lee's uncle, Lee Ming-il, was a jebman who had been a jeertin and had been his role model. Li Shengduo read poetry from an early age, and in his childhood he liked novels, martial arts and fortune telling, and read a lot of martial arts and escape books. When the young man was with his father in Hunan and Fujian, he began to buy ancient books at home and abroad. At the beginning of the thirteenth year of Guangxu (1887), he invested heavily in the introduction of more than a dozen foreign printing presses and opened a printing factory in the British Concession of Shanghai, named "Ying Ying Guan". The publications include the Zizhi Tongjian, the Sanxitang Fa Ti, the Duan Notes on the Interpretation of Texts, and so on. In the fifteenth year of Guangxu (1889), he gave up the business of "Ying Ying Guan", went to Beijing to catch the examination, and was admitted to the guangxu self-ugly section of the first two jinshi, so that the Li family once again shined on the lintel. Since then, he has opened the door to his career.
There are rare ancient engravings of Buddhist classics in the collection, and in his later years he called himself a "layman"
Li Shengduo has been engaged in politics all his life, and the "MuXixuan" collection of books is closely related to the accumulation of books in four generations of his family. It is mainly divided into three parts: one part is his grandfather's collection; Some of them are yuan fangying's woxuelu collection books that his father bought in his early years; But the main part is his lifelong collection, which he has spent more than half a century. In total, there are more than 10,000 kinds. The content includes four subsets of the history of the classics, with many quantities, high quality and wide content.
From a young age, he liked to read and collect books. Frequent multi-party visits to books and ask for purchases. Keep buying books. I often buy books in the bookstore. Due to the social unrest in the late Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, many famous private collections of books were scattered into the factory market. He smells old books for sale. At great expense. Because when the price of a good book is expensive, he has borrowed or let his children and nephews copy a cherished version, and has had the experience of having his children and relatives copy a book within three days. He also copied the original books to preserve their original appearance. Knowing that he loves to collect books, booksellers in the Beijing-Tianjin area often come to the door to recommend books. Gradually enriched its collection of books.
There are more than 180 kinds of Song Ben and more than 50 kinds of Yuan Ben in the collection of Mu XiXuan. There are more than 1400 kinds of Ming periodicals. There are many famous books from Yuan's Woxuelou, Shangqiu Song's, Qufu Kong's, Liaocheng Yang's, Yiyuan Sheng's, Ningbo's Fan's, Siming Lu's, Baling's Fang's and many other famous artists. There are quite a few Song and Yuan old limes. It has a special place in the history of editions and printing. The Song Dynasty has: the earliest edition of the Southern Song Dynasty Liangzhe East Road Tea Salt Division Inscription "Zhou Li Zhu Shu"; The Southern Song Dynasty pseudo-Confucius biography of the earliest large-character "Book of Shang"; The Southern Song Dynasty Jianyang inscribed "Collected Histories", the Southern Song Jianyang Liu Zhiwen inscribed "Book of Han", the Southern Song Jian'an Huang Shanfu edition of the "Book of Later Han", the Song Jiadingtingzhou inscribed "Records of Mathematics", "The Five Cao Arithmetic Classics", the "Outer Terrace Secret Recipe", "Commentary on Typhoid Fever", "The Prescription of World Medicine", as well as the Song Ben "Ritual Record of Justice", "Tang Liudian", "Saying Garden", "Taiping Imperial Library", "Yuangui of the Book of The Book", "Meng Dongye Poetry Collection", "Meng Haoran Collection", "Valley Complete Collection", "Analects", etc.
The YuanBen has the engraving of the Yuansha Academy in the seventh year of Yanyou, "Mr. Shantang Qunshu Kaoso", "Yong class plutonium fang", "Sun Zhenren urgent preparation of thousand gold fang" and so on.
Ming Edition "Wang's Pulse Sutra" and "New Edition of Tongren Acupuncture Sutra"; The Chongzhen almanac originally "Armillary Celestial Sphere". All are rare rare books and secret books, covering a wealth of books, which can supplement the "Four Books of Inventory", among which there are many forbidden books of the Qing Dynasty.
In his collection there are also rare ancient inscriptions of Buddhist classics, the Great Collection of the Eastern Zen Temple of the Northern Song Dynasty; Pilu Dazang; Sixi Yuanjuezang; Debt sand tibet and the Ming Dynasty's southern Tibet, northern Tibet, Jingshan Tibet and so on. For example, the Northern Song Dynasty edition of the "Dafang GuangfoHua YanJing", "The Great Nirvana Sutra Later Division", the Song Periodicals "Buddha Says you fill in the King's Sutra", "The Sutra Asked by the Elder Son", "The Sutra of The Immortal Son", "The Sutra of The True Words of the Divine Transformation of the Immortal"; The Yuan edition of the "Buddha Says the Highest Fundamental Great Joy Vajrayogini Sutra of the Great Sect of Samadhi." The study of the historiography of religion can be used as a reference. After the death of his mother, Li Shengduo served filial piety at the Guiyuan Temple in Wuchang and studied Buddhist classics such as the Great Tibetan Sutra, so in his later years he also called himself a layman.
Stranded in many ancient books of Japan and South Korea, he returned to the west in his original appearance
As early as his youth, Li Shengduo met the Japanese Kishida Yinxiang when he was with his father in Hunan and began to buy overseas ancient books. Later, when he was on a mission to Japan, he received the help of the Japanese bibliographer Shimada Han and purchased a variety of Japanese ancient engravings, ancient movable scripts, old manuscripts and Korean ancient engravings, totaling 1110 copies and 5840 volumes. It accounts for about one-ninth of Lee's collection. Most of them are doctors and interpreters. The content includes the Song and Yuan texts that were circulated to Japan; Japanese and Koryo local editions, etc., are rare books in Japan and are very precious. For example, the 100 volumes of the Japanese Edo Period Shadow Song Codex "Taiping Shenghuifang", the Song Ben "Medical Sayings", the "Yang Family Collection", the "Wei Family Collection", "Health Preservation", "Food Prohibition", "Children's Formula" and so on. It can be seen that its quality is so high.
The bronze movable type book "New Sculpture Emperor Song Fact Garden" in the seventh year of the Japanese Yuanhe (tomorrow's first year) is a japanese imperial official book of Emperor Go-Mizuo, and is also a domestic book of Hisaku. The movable type edition of confucius in the fourth year of the Japanese Keicho (1601, 1601) was printed by the Tokugawa Ieyasu clan of Japan according to the magazine of the Cangyan Academy in the first year of the Yuan Tai Ding, followed by the "New Publication of The Chronicle of the Sutu Chronicle" and the "Sacred Dynasty General System Confucius Temple", which are rare. Joseon's Zhongzong Dynasty's "Five Hundred Noble Families of the Holy Song Dynasty" typeset in Yihai characters; The Korean copper movable type book "Gezai GengYun Tang Xian Poem" in the ming dynasty, which was plundered by Toyotomi Hideyoshi after invading Korea, is evidenced by the Japanese "Yang'an-in" collection of books; These are also rare books in China, which shows the original appearance of their collections.
In Japan, he also funded the printing of rare copies: the four-year reproduction of Song Yuezhou's "Shang Shu Zhengyi" in Japan. Fill in the lost books in the country. These Japanese and Korean ancient texts can be used to study the relationship between China, Japan and Korea.
The above is his objective contribution to the return of ancient books to enrich his personal collection. So that china's ancient books stranded in Japan and Korea can return to the original appearance of the homeland, Jiahui scholars, and make up for the shortcomings of the original text in China, and can proofread long-standing errors, and have contributed to the collation and surveying of ancient documents.
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