The Western Jin Dynasty, a short-lived dynasty, ushered in the famous "Rebellion of the Eight Kings" shortly after sending away sima Yan, the founding king of the country, which was more than ten years, the Western Jin Dynasty collapsed, the displaced people rose, the Hu people who moved inland could not be suppressed, and the whole country was on fire.
In the years immediately after the "Rebellion of the Eight Kings", the Western Jin Dynasty had the opportunity to overturn, but Sima Yue, the king of the East China Sea who stood at the end, did not seize this opportunity, and this civil war expert repeatedly made mistakes in the face of the attacks of the Xiongnu, making the situation worsen across the board, and the Xiongnu army ran rampant in North China and established the Xiongnu Han State.
When the Xiongnu army was preparing to march south to luoyang, Sima Yue also realized the chaos in the Central Plains, and he led the main force of the Jin army to return to the east, intending to return to the old nest of the East Sea Kingdom, with the south as a backing, and then try to recover the Central Plains.
However, Sima Yue died on the road, the army was soon caught up by the Xiongnu army, there was no one who could command the whole army, and the Jin army with superior troops was unilaterally slaughtered by the Xiongnu army, killing and wounding more than 100,000 people, and the last military strength of the Western Jin Dynasty was burned.
Several units of the Xiongnu army approached Luoyang City one after another, and effortlessly entered the empty garrison city, capturing Emperor Huai of Jin and other royal nobles, and the Xiongnu army burned and plundered in the city, and then burned Luoyang City, and since Dong Zhuo, Luoyang City has once again suffered a devastating blow and become a ruin.
If the Western Jin Dynasty is compared to a person, Luoyang is undoubtedly his heart, the capital city was lost, that is, the heart was stabbed, the Western Jin Dynasty was basically finished, the Hu people entered the Central Plains for an unprecedented time, setting off a bloody rain, and the people of the Central Plains had to leave their hometowns and go south in order to avoid disasters, which is known in history as the Yongjia Rebellion.
But the Western Jin Dynasty is a very peculiar person, the heart is broken and has not hung up immediately, but like the protagonist in the movie, wearing a halo on his head, he can still die for a while.
After the fall of Luoyang, a man named Sima Yi (司馬邺), the grandson of Emperor Wu of Jin and the nephew of Emperor Huai of Jin, was only thirteen years old.
Sima Yi was initially succeeded by his uncle Sima Kam the Prince of Qin, and after Sima Kam's death, he attacked the King of Qin, and when Luoyang fell, he fled to Xingyang for refuge, where he met his uncles Xun Fan and Xun Ju.
Sima Yi may have only wanted to flee for his life, but Xun Fan obviously thought more, at that time, the Sima clan was killed and injured, and Sima Ye was already the closest to the emperor. The kingdom could not be left without a monarch for a day, and Xun Fan dragged his nephew to consult with Shi Yanding of Yuzhou, Shi Wangbi, the former commander of the Fu Army, and Shi Liu, the chief of the Situ Army, and finally decided to escort Sima Ye to Chang'an, take him as the main leader, and then try to restore him.
However, not long after leaving, Liu Domain defected, but the strength of these people was too poor, and Liu Domain had no confidence in the revolutionary cause. But his rebellion was a failure, and yan Ding was destroyed by three times five divided by two, and the group continued to the west.
However, with Liu Yu's example, those soldiers and guards were also pessimistic about the future of the Great Jin, running two today and three tomorrow, and also liked to take things along, and in the end Sima Ye could only take an ox cart to rush the road, and was also blocked in Lantian by mountain thieves, until Yan Ding asked for reinforcements from Shi Jiayu in Yongzhou, and then he could continue to set out and reach Chang'an.
History does not simply repeat itself, but it always presses the same rhymes. More than a hundred years ago, Emperor Xian of Han traveled from Chang'an to Luoyang, no less arduous than Sima Yi's journey to the west, a strong dynasty and a short-lived dynasty, but before the end of the day, they went in the same direction.
In September 312, Sima Ye was made crown prince, established a platform in Chang'an, commanded the world, and sat in Chang'an to continue to resist the Xiongnu army. Sima Ye also appointed a number of officials, including Jia Yi, who gave Jia The title of General of Zhengxi, but this great general was killed during his crusade against the mountain thief Zhang Lian, which shows the weakening of Sima Ye's regime.
In April of the following year, the news of Emperor Huai of Jin's poisoning reached Chang'an, and Sima Ye officially ascended the throne, changing his name to Yuan Jianxing and historically known as Emperor Huan of Jin.
The young Sima Ye was ambitious, and also issued an edict with a tone greater than the heavens: Ming You, Hezhou Assassin Shi Wang Jun, Liu Kun and others raised 300,000 troops to attack Pingyang; Ordered Sima Rui to lead 200,000 troops to attack Luoyang; and ordered Sima Bao, the right minister Sima Bao, to lead 300,000 troops to defend Chang'an.
This is exactly the edict to expand the army, at this time the entire army of the Western Jin Dynasty may not add up to more than 200,000, and almost all of them are in the hands of the southern warlords, these southern warlords have different reactions after receiving the emperor's orders, tough as Sima Rui directly excused the south is undecided, according to the army, the other is more symbolic troops, such as Shanjian's army, only from Xiangyang was defeated, Wang Cheng led the army from Jingzhou, arrived in Nanyang at turtle speed, as soon as he heard that Shanjian was defeated, he turned his head and ran.
Those who truly responded to the emperor's call often did not have the strength, such as Zu Di, who was blocked by Sima Rui, and only Zhang Rail in the northwest of Liangzhou had a certain strength and sent three thousand soldiers and horses to support Chang'an. Unfortunately, Zhang Rail's strength was not strong enough to rival the Xiongnu, and Chang'an was still under the great threat of the Xiongnu.
The influence of Sima Ye's regime was basically around Chang'an, and there were natural disasters around Chang'an, resulting in a shortage of grain, "the kansai famine, white bones hiding the wilderness, and the people surviving in the wilderness", thinking that Emperor Xian of Han could still open warehouses to relieve disasters, but Sima Ye would be the emperor's family had no surplus grain, the "warehouses in Chang'an City" were exhausted, and Sima Ye, as the emperor, wanted to eat a full meal and became a luxury.
The Western Jin Dynasty, which survived natural disasters and wars, faced a huge crisis. The government and private cars were put together in one piece, and there were only four cars, and the court officials had neither official seals nor imperial clothes, and even the holding boards were temporarily sawn with mulberry wooden boards to write the official number for use.
In September 313, the Xiongnu Liu Yao attacked Chang'an, and five thousand Xiongnu iron horses attacked Chang'an at night, attacked the outer city, burned and plundered. In the next two years, Liu Yao attacked Chang'an twice, and Sima Yi ordered Sima Bao, who was in charge of the military west of Chang'an, to send troops to the rescue, but Sima Bao refused to send troops, and from then on, the west of Chang'an did not listen to the orders of the imperial court, and Sima Ye's territory was reduced by half.
In August 316, Liu Yao once again led an army to besiege Chang'an, and the nearby counties led troops to rescue them, but they were frightened by Liu Yao and did not dare to approach, but only dared to watch from the top of the hegemony.
Seeing that the various Jin armies were on the sidelines, Liu Yao attacked the city with all his might, and soon captured the outer city, and Sima Yi retreated to the small city.
At this time, Chang'an was "cut off inside and outside, the city was starving, the rice bucket was worth two or two gold, the people were cannibalizing, and most of the dead were dead", and Sima Yijun soon cut off food and could only drink water. Later, the subordinates searched through the warehouse and finally found dozens of pieces of wine koji, so they secretly let people crush them into pieces and make porridge soup for Sima Yi to fill his hunger.
Soon, this little thing was also eaten, and Sima Ye was cornered, so he had no choice but to say to his subordinates: "Now that we are so poor and poor, there is no rescue from outside, so we should endure shame and surrender to the people." ”
The meaning is very simple, now that the winter is over, we are at the end of the road, we want to wear or wear, we want to eat or not, we want soldiers and soldiers, I decided to go out and surrender in spite of shame, so that the people of Chang'an will not be destroyed.
Of course, this is just rhetoric, and we have reason to believe that Sima Ye, a seventeen-year-old boy, endured two months of hunger and winter, and could not see the dawn of victory at all, and could only choose this step.
After sending people to contact Liu Yao, on November 11, Sima Yi went out of the city and surrendered, and the group of ministers had to cry as usual, and not many people really died. As for Sima Yi riding in a sheep cart, bare-chested, mouthing jade bi, and carrying a coffin, it should have come according to the mold of the Prince of Qin, and the two short-lived dynasties ended in a similar way.
Sima Yi was also escorted to Pingyang, the capital of the Xiongnu Han Kingdom, and was named guanglu dafu and marquis of Huai'an by the Han lord Liu Cong, but the Xiongnu did not have the habit of the Han people to treat the king of the fallen country with courtesy, and Sima Yi could not get the treatment of Liu Chan, but was humiliated by Liu Cong, and his personal dignity was vigorously rubbed.
In the days of Pingyang, Sima Ye worked as a squire to open the way for Liu Cong, who went out hunting; worked as a waiter, pouring wine and washing wine glasses for Liu Cong, who held banquets; and giving Liu Cong a toilet lid. He did not have enough to eat when he was emperor, but he was full after he surrendered, but he suffered bitterly.
After suffering all kinds of humiliations, Sima Ye still could not escape his doomed fate, and the uneasy Liu Cong poisoned him to death at the age of 19.
Objectively speaking, the demise of the Western Jin Dynasty had nothing to do with Sima Yi, and it was impossible for him to turn over during his reign, but because of his status as emperor, he needed to starve in Chang'an and be humiliated in Pingyang.