In October 1911, the Wuchang Uprising broke out, many provinces declared independence, the Qing court frequently complained, on October 29, "military advice" occurred in Luanzhou, and on October 29, Shanxi Province also declared independence. The Qing government urgently dispatched wu Luzhen, the commander of the six towns, to Shanxi to suppress it, and the public banner that Wu Luzhen raised after arriving in Shijiazhuang was ordered to suppress and appease the Shanxi revolutionary army, and secretly reached cooperation with Yan Xishan to form the Yan-Jin coalition army and plot the uprising.
In 1903, the Qing government borrowed money from Belgium to build the Luhan Railway, that is, Beijing Lugou Bridge to Hankou, the Luhan Railway passed through the east of Shijiazhuang Village, and set up a third-class small station here, but because Shijiazhuang Village was too small and had no fame, it took Zhentou Town, which was 4 kilometers away from here, as the name of the station, that is, this small station, creating conditions for Shijiazhuang Village to wait for a historic opportunity.
In order to solve the situation of Shanxi coal and iron transport on the shoulder bar donkey, in 1904, the Qing government borrowed 25 million francs from the Russian Hua-Russian Daosheng Bank in the form of an official supervisor and commercial office, which was explored and designed by the French, and the railway minister Sheng Xuanhuai was responsible for the Zhengtai Railway, a branch line of the Beijing-Han Railway, that is, Zhengding to Taiyuan.
Because the 25 million francs of funds were too small, the chief engineer Elbani came up with a way to save money, one was to move the junction of the Zhengtai Railway from the north bank of the Tuotuo River to the village of Shijiazhuang on the south bank of the Tuotuo River to reduce the number of railway bridges, and the second was not to build a 1.435-meter broad-gauge railway in accordance with international standards, and only to build a 1-meter narrow gauge.
The French engineers inadvertently changed the central pattern formed in this area for thousands of years, moving the political, economic and cultural center from the ancient city of Zhengding to the village of Shijiazhuang, 15 kilometers south of it.
With the development of transportation and industry, bringing about the increasing prosperity of commerce and service industries, from 1904 to 1911, there were 7 hotels and inns on Daqiao Road. Dashiqiao is the first railway highway overpass in Hebei Province, completed in 1907, which played an important role in communicating the east-west traffic of Shijiazhuang City, since then, Shijiazhuang City has been divided into "Qiaodong District" and "Qiaoxi District" with Dashiqiao as the boundary, and now administratively, Qiaodong District has been merged with Chang'an District into Chang'an District.
In 1907, the French invested in the construction of the Zhengtai Hotel next to the Shijiazhuang Railway Station, which was the most beautiful and luxurious French-style Western-style hotel in Shijiazhuang at that time. After the outbreak of the Wuchang Uprising in October 1911, all parts of the country responded, and when Shanxi Province declared independence, because Shanxi was closer to Beijing, the Qing government urgently sent the Qing army stationed in Baoding to suppress the revolutionary army, and on October 31, Wu Luzhen stayed at the Zhengtai Hotel.
Wu Luzhen, who called himself the "Napoleon of China," had been advocating a revolutionary uprising at the heart of the Qing court. After he arrived in Shijiazhuang, he secretly met with Yan Xishan's representatives, and agreed to cooperate in the formation of the Yan-Jin coalition uprising, counterattacking Beijing, and at the same time seizing the munitions supported by the Qing government to the Southern Beiyang Army through Shijiazhuang.
Wu Luzhen was the first non-commissioned officer student in China to stay in Japan, and was known as the "Three Non-Commissioned Officers" along with Zhang Shaozeng and Lan Tianwei, and later, some people listed him together with Cai Yi and Jiang Baili as the "Three Non-Commissioned Officers". On March 6, 1880, he was born in a poor family of scholars in Wujiataizi, Yunmeng County, Hubei Province, and his great-grandfather Wu Dingyuan was a jinshi of the Qing Dynasty and served as the prefect of Changzhou, Jiangnan. His grandfather, Wu Daoting, was born in Yougong and successively served as a teacher in Huangpi and Gong'an counties in Hubei Province. His father, Wu Libin, traveled in all directions in his early years and settled in Wuchang in his twilight years, although he was full of learning and talent, but the times were not good, throughout his life, he did not find an official and a half-job, only to teach as a profession, and his family situation was also declining.
In the spring of 1895, Wu Luzhen's father fell ill and died, and his mother took him and his younger brother Huzhen and moved to the Wuchang Gejia Camp where the poor lived. His mother, Han Xinru, worked for a rich family to make a living, Wu Luzhen abandoned his studies and entered the Wuchang Cotton and Linen Factory as a child laborer, because he hated the foreman's insult to the female worker, he was angry with the migrant worker, and left the factory, just in time for Zhang Zhidong to recruit new soldiers, because his age did not reach the required age of 16, the camp officer refused to take him in, and Wu Luzhen, who was determined to repay the motherland, argued loudly: "Spring and Autumn Warring States Era." There is a boy Wang Yi who insists on defending the society, and now that foreign enemies have invaded and the country is endangered, it is the time to employ people. The rise and fall of the country, the piaf has the responsibility, I have the ambition to save the country, why not allow me to become a soldier? "When the battalion officer saw that the others were small and ambitious, they left him behind. In the same year, her mother became Zhang Zhidong's daughter's female red teacher (needle and thread lady). Subsequently, Wu Luzhen was admitted to the Hubei Wubei Academy founded by Zhang Zhidong, who was the governor of Huguang at the time, and in 1899, he was recommended by Zhang Zhidong to study in the cavalry department of the Japanese Army Non-Commissioned Officer School, becoming one of the first 40 non-commissioned officers in China to stay in Japan (39 graduated due to the death of one person due to illness).
During his time in Japan, Wu Luzhen witnessed the small country of Japan embark on the capitalist road through the Meiji Restoration, that is, quickly got rid of poverty and became one of the world's great powers, and compared with the political corruption of the Manchu Qing Dynasty and the dimwittedness of corrupt officials and corrupt officials, Wu Luzhen deeply felt the need for political reform. Later, when Wu Luzhen learned that Sun Yat-sen had advocated a revolution in Japan, he, with the desire to seek the truth of saving the country, went to Sun Yat-sen's residence with his classmates Yuancheng and Shen Xiangyun to pay homage to Sun Yat-sen, listened to Sun Yat-sen's political ideas of "expelling the Tartars, restoring China, and establishing a united government", joined the Xingzhong Association founded by Dr. Sun Yat-sen, and became an early member of the Xingzhong Association.
In 1900, the surging Boxer anti-imperialist movement swept through the Beijing-Tianjin region, the Eight-Nation Alliance took the opportunity to invade, the Western Empress and the Guangxu Emperor fled west, for a time there was no master in the DPRK, the whole country was in a state of anarchy, Sun Yat-sen thought that this was an excellent opportunity to overthrow the rule of the Qing government, so he urgently summoned comrades in Japan to convene a meeting, decided to launch a large-scale armed uprising in the Pearl River and the Yangtze River Valley at the same time, Wu Luzhen returned to China, that is, he got in touch with Tang Caichang, Lin Gui and others who had been planning an uprising in Shanghai and Hankou, and took Hankou as the center of the uprising. Tang Cai often divided the self-reliant army into the middle, left, right, front, and rear five armies, Wu Luzhen and Qin Lishan led the front army, stationed in Datong, Anhui, Lin Gui, Fu Cixiang led the Chinese army, stationed in Hankou, Tang Cai often appointed himself as the commander of the self-reliant army stationed in Hankou, agreed to launch at the same time on the evening of August 9, but unexpectedly because Kang Youwei promised that the funds had not been sent, so the matter was repeatedly postponed, and the former army led by Wu Luzhen and Qin Lishan was hundreds of miles away, the information was not well informed, and an uprising was launched on August 9 on time, although it once occupied Chase, but in the end it was because the lone army had no help. After seven days and seven nights of fighting, he failed miserably. On the evening of August 21, Tang Caichang, Lin Gui, Fu Cixiang and more than 20 other people were captured by Zhang Zhidong and killed the next day. After the failure of the Chase Uprising, Wu Fled back to Japan and continued his studies at the Non-Commissioned Officer School.
In April and May 1902, Wu Luzhen graduated from the Japanese Non-Commissioned Officer School and returned to Wuchang, went straight to see Zhang Zhidong, because of the Chase case, Wu Luzhen was imprisoned by Zhang Zhidong for three days, only to be able to see him, Zhang Zhidong sternly rebuked, but Wu Luzhen had no remorse, but instead talked about the world's major events, straight Chen Chun government corruption, only revolution, can save the country, and persuaded Zhang Zhidong to reverse qiankun with his high expectations, Zhang Zhidong was dissatisfied with Wu Luzhen, but at that time he was vigorously training the new army. If Wu Luzhen is imprisoned or killed, it will certainly affect the recruitment of talents in the future, and on the contrary, he can win the hearts and minds of the people; at the same time, he is confident that through the reuse of the education of feudal ethical ideas such as the great righteousness of the monarch and the righteousness of the monarch and the loyalty to the king and the country, he can inspire Wu Luzhen, and he is immediately entrusted with important posts such as the office of the E-provincial Society, the assistant of the camp affairs office, the chief teacher of the General Ben Academy, and the general of the Wu Ordinary School. Wu Luzhen jumped from a "prisoner of the steps" to a "guest of honor" in Zhang Zhidong.
Wu Luzhen became a well-known figure in the three towns of Wuhan for a time, and many scholars and young students who pursued new ideas wanted to see Wu Luzhen's style, which actually created extremely favorable conditions for Wu Luzhen to find like-minded people and develop revolutionary forces. Lan Tianwei, Cao Yabo, Geng Bozhao, Liu Jing'an, Zhou Weizhen, and others all became the backbone elements of the Xinhai Revolution, advocating that revolutionaries join the army as soldiers and Xiucai become soldiers, and that it became a trend for a while, and a large number of young people with insight and lofty ideals poured into the barracks to do the work of plotting against the new army, so that the Hubei New Army eventually became the main force of the Wuchang Uprising, and Wu Luzhen, who accepted Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary ideas in his early years, enriched Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary ideas in the actual struggle. Zhang Zhidong, who was bent on maintaining the new army built by the feudal regime, became the gravedigger of the feudal dynasty.
In the winter of 1903, just as Wu Luzhen was invited by Huang Xingzhi to accompany Li Shucheng and Geng Bozhao to Changsha, Hunan Province, to prepare for the establishment of the Huaxing Association and discuss the launching of an armed uprising, at the recommendation of Liang Bi, a Manchu who was then under the control of the Qing government's Janissaries, Wu Luzhen received an order from the Qing government's military training department to transfer him to the qing government to serve as a cavalry supervisor, Wu Luzhen was reluctant to go at first, and after Huang Xing and others heard about it, they thought that "if you don't enter the tiger's den, you will get the tiger", and persuade him to take advantage of this opportunity to break into the central military department of the Qing government, secretly make friends with volunteers, master the cavalry, and raise righteousness in the future In April 1904, Wu Luzhen took office in april 1904.
However, reality soon shattered the illusions of Wu Luzhen and others, the Beijing division was no better than the field, the control was very tight, the minister of military training, Manchurian pro-Gui Tieliang had long heard of Wu Luzhen's behavior, so he was guarded against him everywhere, and everything was elbowed. He was only assigned to do transactional work such as reading exercises and editing military training textbooks such as the "Cavalry Exercise Code", and supervising the post, which was not real. In this case, Wu Luzhen was depressed and had a hard time wishing in Beijing, so he decided to change his ways and leave Beijing temporarily.
In April 1907, Wu Luzhen accompanied Duan Qirui, the governor of the three eastern provinces, to Fengtian, when the Japanese invaders provoked the "between the islands" dispute and appointed Wu Luzhen to be in charge of Yanji's border affairs.
In 1910, the revolutionaries raised 20,000 taels of silver and bribed the ruling Prince of Qing, Yi Xi, to obtain a position for Wu Luzhen to command the sixth town (equivalent to a division), and on December 23, he was officially appointed by the Qing government.
The sixth town was Yuan Shikai's concubine troops, stationed in Baoding, and took up the post of defending the Beijing Division, which was originally under the command of Duan Qirui, a confidant of Yuan Shikai, and the co-commanders Li Chun, Zhou Fulin, and various biaotong were all small station old people who were pulled up by Yuan Shikai. After Wu Luzhen arrived at his post, he wanted to reorganize this army by changing his camp system, changing the generals, and installing some revolutionaries to help him get a good grasp of the town.
When Wu Luzhen joined forces with Yan Xishan, recruited Zhang Shaozeng, the 20th town of Luanzhou, and intercepted the arms sent to the south, causing dissatisfaction among the Qing government and Yuan Shikai, he bribed Wu Luzhen's old subordinate Zhou Fuqi with 30,000 gold and promised high-ranking officials to assassinate Wu Luzhen.
Wu Luzhen trusted his guard captain Ma Huitian very much, and followed Wu Luzhen from the northeast to Yanji. Zhou Fulin and Ma Huitian have a friendship with each other, and take this opportunity to take revenge on Wu Luzhen, who has already bribed Ma Huitian. Staff officer He Sui discovered that Zhou Fulin and Chen Qicai, director of the Third Department of the Military Consultative Office, had gone to Shijiazhuang to carry out secret activities, reminded Wu Luzhen to take more precautions, and proposed to send more guards, but Wu Luzhen did not pay enough attention to it, causing a catastrophe.
At more than 12 o'clock on the night of November 6, 1911, just a few hours before the time of the uprising with the Jin army, Wu Luzhen, his staff officer Zhang Shizhen and his adjutant Zhou Weizhen were reviewing confidential documents in the Shijiazhuang station office, and Ma Huitian, together with staff officer Xia Wenrong, team officer Wu Yunzhang, and platoon leader Miao Delin, entered Wu Luzhen and took the opportunity to shoot, Wu Luzhen was assassinated, and Zhang Shizhen and Zhou Weizhen were also killed at the same time. Taking advantage of the chaos in Shijiazhuang, He Sui, Kong Geng, and others accompanied the Shanxi army to transport Wu Luzhen's body to Niangziguan.
On January 1, 1912, the Nanjing Provisional Government headed by Sun Yat-sen was established, and ordered Wu Luzhen to give a pension to the army general, posthumously awarding Wu Luzhen's close comrade-in-arms zhang Shizhen the rank of major general of the army, and zhou Weizhen martyr as the rank of army lieutenant. On November 17, 1913, on the occasion of the second anniversary of the death of the martyr Wu Luzhen, the people of Shijiazhuang and the people of Shanxi built the Wu Gong Ancestral Hall and the cemetery on the north side of the Zhengtai Station where the three martyrs died, and the body of Wu Luzhen was relocated from Niangziguan to be buried here, and at the same time, the remains of the martyrs Zhang Shizhen and Zhou Weizhen were buried on both sides of the tomb of Wu Luzhen.
The assassination of Wu Luzhen is the first major event that has affected the whole country since the formation of this city, and his series of feats in Promoting Zhili and the development of the revolutionary situation in Shanxi in Shijiazhuang are short-lived, but thrilling, and the martyrdom in Shijiazhuang is also extremely tragic, which makes Wu Luzhen's name forever associated with the city of Shijiazhuang, although Wu Luzhen was martyred, his name and his revolutionary spirit will always be remembered by posterity, and his brilliant deeds in life have been highly praised by posterity.
In 1982, the tomb of the Three Martyrs was relocated to Shijiazhuang Chang'an Park, and now it has become a patriotic education base and an important tourism resource in Shijiazhuang, as the only Xinhai Revolution site in Shijiazhuang, and also one of the most important cultural landscapes in the local area.