△ Zhang Jingzhong, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and mathematician
Artificial intelligence and high school students do college entrance examination math problems, who is more powerful? How to make math easier to learn? Recently, Zhang Jingzhong, an academician and mathematician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, talked about the application of mathematics education and mathematics in the field of artificial intelligence in an exclusive interview with upstream news.
"Making math easy to learn and use is a highly difficult problem in itself." Zhang Jingzhong said that in order to "solve the problem", we must first transform mathematics itself. As long as it is changed well, the problems of high school can be solved with the knowledge of elementary school.
A Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence has the most talent shortage gap of 70%.
"The alpha dog is on fire, and it's also on fire with artificial intelligence." Zhang Jingzhong said that artificial intelligence is closely related to mathematics education.
Zhang Jingzhong said that artificial intelligence is to allow machines to perceive, think and act. At present, perception and action have done a relatively good job, even surpassing people, but it is difficult to think, and it is still far away from people.
"Artificial Intelligence 1.0 is a logical reasoning + expert system, and Artificial Intelligence 2.0 is probability and statistics + deep learning. Both of these are essentially mathematics, and how to develop better depends on education, especially mathematics education. ”
Zhang Jingzhong introduced that at present, education + artificial intelligence has blown a whirlwind, but in fact, China has been doing education informatization since the 1980s, but it has not achieved the expected results. But in recent years, artificial intelligence has been pushed into the hot spot.
"What is the most lacking in the development of artificial intelligence in China? The most lacking is talent! Zhang Jingzhong asked himself and answered himself. If we need 100 people, we only have 30 people now, and the gap is 70%. ”
In Zhang Jingzhong's view, on the one hand, artificial intelligence can promote the development of education and build a new type of education system that includes intelligent learning and interactive learning; on the other hand, artificial intelligence also needs education to promote its development and cultivate more talents in the field of artificial intelligence through education.
Do college entrance examination math problems Artificial intelligence is no more than a teenage doll
Zhang Jingzhong believes that the development, application, acquisition, sharing and optimization and upgrading of digital teaching resources must be realized in a certain operating environment, and the intelligent operating environment can enable developers to do more with less and easily realize teaching design; second, the resources developed are highly interactive and easy to manage and transmit; third, it is also conducive to the sustainable optimization and development of resources.
In addition, the intelligence of digital teaching resources, the focus of different disciplines is different, to better promote, we must go deep into the discipline, the combination of artificial intelligence and disciplines. Taking mathematics as an example, through the self-developed intelligent education platform - super drawing board, he showed how to achieve problem solving and problem judgment through the dynamic mathematical operation environment, and further developed from geometric problem solving research to college entrance examination robot research.
"Playing Go, artificial intelligence can win the world championship, but doing college entrance examination math problems, artificial intelligence is still better than a teenage doll." For mathematical problems with 150 points, artificial intelligence off-grid calculation can only achieve 115 points, and networked calculation is only more than 130 points. He said that in fact, the study of problem-solving robots such as college entrance examination robots has a very important significance, from tutoring learning, correction and even to evaluating academic achievements, which can provide assistance for teachers, students and scholars.
Therefore, in the field of scientific research and education, artificial intelligence is an assistant to human beings, not an opponent of human beings. In his view, education + artificial intelligence, China has the foundation, conditions, and room for development, which will produce huge benefits, but it also has a long way to go.
B Mathematics education
High school problems can also be solved with elementary school knowledge
△ Zhang Jingzhong shows his research results
"Mathematics education is not just for students to memorize formulas and learn to use them. It is also necessary to let the students understand the truth. Zhang Jingzhong said that many people find it difficult to learn mathematics. In fact, it's not just a matter of mathematical education methods, but also of mathematics itself.
Only by transforming mathematics itself and making mathematics itself easier will mathematical education be naturally easier.
"If knowledge itself is not optimal, then you cannot achieve optimal results by any method of education." For example, Zhang Jingzhong said, for example, using Roman numerals to do addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, even if you use the best educational method, it is not as good as using Arabic numerals to add, subtract, multiply and divide, and use the "stupidest" decimal system to teach the effect.
In order to further prove his claim, Zhang Jingzhong came out on the spot and shared one of his research results: by changing the conventional definition of the sine theorem, it is simpler to learn trigonometric functions.
He called the area of a unit diamond with an angle of A in the rectangle sinA, and then used the rectangular area formula to calculate the area value with sinA; taking half of it, he got the area formula of the triangle; and then through simple reasoning, he came up with the sine theorem.
"As long as the mathematics itself is transformed, the problems of high school can be solved with the knowledge of elementary school." Zhang Jingzhong said that for more than 30 years, he has been studying how to improve the quality of mathematics education by transforming mathematics itself.
More research results will be piloted in Chongqing
What is the final effect of these studies in Zhang Jingzhong?
More than 30 years ago, after Zhang Jingzhong used a new method to define the sine theorem, he did a small range of experiments. "We asked students who didn't understand trigonometric functions to learn trigonometric functions with this new definition, and they all learned it very quickly." Zhang Jingzhong said that although the effect of the experiment is very good, many teachers also feel that this method is very reasonable, but they dare not use it in actual teaching.
"The change in math education is very difficult because teachers also learn the same way. If you want to use a new method, many teachers can't figure it out first. Zhang Jingzhong said that the new method he developed was only experimented on in a middle school in Guangzhou until 7 years ago, and the results were very successful.
"There were more than 100 students in two classes who participated in the experiment, and their math scores were originally average or poor, but by the time of the middle school entrance examination, their math scores had reached excellent." What makes Zhang Jingzhong most happy is that the students not only have excellent grades, but also have a lot of fun learning.
Later, Zhang Jingzhong also developed a simpler way to make mathematical knowledge such as vectors and calculus easier to learn. Currently, he is leading the team on the work of writing textbooks and has changed the teaching methods of nearly 90 math lessons.
Zhang Jingzhong revealed that some of his research results have been launched in Chongqing, and the effect is good. In the future, more research results will be piloted in Chongqing.
Upstream News Chongqing Morning News reporter Luo Xuemei Liu Bo Photography Ren Jun