Figure | Fu Zuoyi
"Long live the Communist Party" "Long live the People's Leader Chairman Mao!" ”
This is a scene that occurred at the first session of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Fu Zuoyi first lost his voice and wept bitterly, and then shouted for the Communist Party and Chairman Mao, and his emotions infected the other participants present, many people were in tears together, and the meeting was suspended in the middle of the meeting, which really shocked many people.
What happened that would make Fu Zuoyi, a general who had been fighting on the battlefield for many years, cry in front of so many people?
The picture |Chinese the members of the first plenary session of the People's Political Consultative Conference took a group photo to commemorate the occasion
This matter must first begin with Fu Zuoyi's promotion of the peaceful liberation of Peiping...
After the liaoshen campaign in 1948, Chiang Kai-shek asked Fu Zuoyi to go to Nanjing for a military conference, and his daughter Fu Dongju, who had been with him, thought that her father Fu Zuoyi's visit was probably related to the Pingjin war situation, and she was worried that her father would once again be involved in the civil war.
Fu Dongju, who joined the Communist Party in 1947, was instructed by the party organization to come to his father Fu Zuoyi's side, observe Fu Zuoyi's emotional changes, and timely publicize the Communist Party's policies to Fu Zuoyi. Fu Dongju promptly reported what he had learned about Fu Zuoyi to the underground party organization in Beiping, thus providing an important basis for the PLA to lead the troops to make decisions. It can be said that Fu Dongju was an important helper to promote the peaceful liberation of Peiping later.
Pictured| Fu Dongju
At the military conference in Nanjing, Chiang Kai-shek formally appointed Fu Zuoyi as the military and political chief of southeastern China, and conveyed through He Yingqin that he was preparing to withdraw all the troops from north China to the south.
On the surface, Fu Zuoyi obeyed Chiang Kai-shek's command, but in fact, in Fu Zuoyi's heart, he saw Chiang Kai-shek's plot more clearly, and he knew very well that Chiang Kai-shek's Nanjing government had lost the hearts of the people and would sooner or later embark on the road of defeat, and he also strengthened Fu Zuoyi's determination to take the people's road and make peace with the Communist Party.
In early 1948, Fu Zuoyi insisted that Chiang Kai-shek remove his cronies from the army; when the People's Liberation Army attacked Jinzhou in October, Chiang Kai-shek planned to call fu Zuoyi's main force to aid Jinzhou. Fu Zuoyi understood Chiang Kai-shek's "conspiracy", Fu Zuoyi successively sent soldiers to check the situation in Jinzhou, and finally refused the task of aiding Jinzhou on the grounds that he was overwhelmed by heavy responsibilities, and Chiang Kai-shek could only use his own corps to aid Jinzhou.
Although Fu Zuoyi was a high-ranking general in Chiang Kai-shek's government, he was reluctant to use it for him, which provided him with a great opportunity for peace talks with the Communist Party.
Pictured| Chiang Kai-shek and Fu Zuoyi
Shortly after returning from a meeting in Nanjing, Fu Zuoyi asked Fu Dongju if he could send a telegram to the Communist leader Chairman Mao, and Fu Dongju was about to go get a pen and paper, but Fu Zuoyi refused, and he could only remember the telegram he was going to send next, and was not allowed to leave any paper information.
The telegram sent by Fu Zuoyi was to the effect that:
I have realized that in the past, it was completely wrong to unify the country, rejuvenate the nation, and fight with Chiang Kai-shek as the center, and decided to hand over the approximately 600,000 troops and 200 aircraft under the command of Mao Zedong in order to achieve the goal of saving the country and the people, and requested that the Southern Han Dynasty be sent to Negotiate peace.
Fu Zuoyi sent a signal of goodwill to the Communist Party.
Pictured| Deng Baoshan
At the end of December, Fu Zuoyi took Deng Baoshan to Beiping, and Deng Baoshan, Fu Zuoyi, and Ma Zhanshan were good brothers in the War of Resistance Against Japan, and Deng Baoshan was later Fu Zuoyi's representative in negotiations with the People's Liberation Army.
Although Fu Zuoyi was trying to negotiate peace, he did not comment on whether he was fully determined or not. After negotiating with representatives of Fu Zuoyi, the communist general Nie Rongzhen believed that Fu Zuoyi had not completely given up his illusion of defending the city, and he still could not make up his mind on the peaceful liberation of Peiping.
In January 1949, the People's Liberation Army officially launched an attack on Tianjin, chairman Mao, in the name of Lin Biao and Luo Ronghuan, sent a letter to Fu Zuoyi, urging him to lay down his arms and accept the peaceful reorganization.
After some deliberation and discussion, the two sides reached a preliminary agreement on the peaceful liberation of Peiping, and Fu Zuoyi finally decided to cooperate with the Communist Party to peacefully liberate Peiping.
The picture | report on the liberation of Peiping
Fu Zuoyi sent He Siyuan and 11 other deputies to meet with the People's Liberation Army, and on this day Chiang Kai-shek sent a letter to Fu Zuoyi, hoping that he would allow the Nanjing plane to land in Beiping and help Chiang Kai-shek pick up some high-ranking officers; He Siyuan's residence was even destroyed, and He Siyuan's daughter was unfortunately killed. Later, He Siyuan was still seriously injured and met with the People's Liberation Army. This journey of peaceful liberation is destined to be full of tribulations and obstacles.
When Dong Qiwu, the governor of Suiyuan, went to see Fu Zuoyi, Fu Zuoyi commented on his decision as follows:
"For the peaceful liberation of Peiping, I risked three deaths, one was to fight with the Communist Party for several years, and those who did not understand the situation wanted to kill me; second, Chiang Kai-shek's agents and his concubines would kill me at any time; third, those who did not understand the situation within us might also want to kill me." I fought three deaths and was determined to follow the path of the people. ”
Later historical developments are enough to prove that Fu Zuoyi's people's path was not wrong.
In January 1949 Chinese the People's Liberation Army entered Beiping to take over the defense, and in February, the People's Liberation Army's entry ceremony was solemnly held, the whole city celebrated, and the streets were empty, but Fu Zuoyi, an important figure who promoted the peaceful liberation of Peiping, did not appear at the entrance ceremony, as a Kuomintang general who was good at defending the city, Fu Zuoyi had a complicated mood at this time, worried that the generals of the two sides would laugh at himself, and he was a little confused about how to deal with himself next.
Figure | the peaceful liberation of Peiping
The adjutant brought the Beiping edition of the People's Daily newspaper:
Chairman of the CPC Central Committee Mao Zedong's "Statement on the Current Situation" General Fu Zuoyi: Your general accepted the false order of the reactionary government of the Kuomintang in Nanjing to suppress bandits and suppress chaos... Under the invincible power of the People's Liberation Army, the ancient capital of Beiping was liberated.
The statement was drafted by Chairman Mao in the name of Lin Biao, commander of the Pingjin Front Command, and Luo Ronghuan, political commissar, and Chairman Mao's move made it easier for more people to remember Fu Zuoyi's previous exploits and make it easy to understand the Communist Party's tolerant policy toward him today. Seeing the count of the past piece by piece, Fu Zuoyi's heart was filled with anger.
A few days later, Nie Rongzhen, Ye Jianying, and others hosted a banquet for Fu Zuoyi, Deng Baoshan, and others, during which Fu Zuoyi humbly said:
"In the past, subjectively, I also wanted to do things for the people, but objectively I acted as a bodyguard for the landlord capitalists. In the future, if you listen to the Communist Party and take over Peiping, the Communist Party will do what it thinks is good. ”
Hearing Fu Zuoyi's attitude, Ye Jianying said kindly:
"General Fu's spirit of self-criticism is admirable, and I believe we will cooperate well."
Fu Zuoyi nodded, the opponents who had once belonged to the two sides on the battlefield could finally coexist peacefully!
Fu Zuoyi did not meet Chairman Mao at the banquet this time, and he and Chairman Mao only met later. In February, Fu Zuoyi proposed to Ye Jianying that he wanted to see Chairman Mao, and later Chairman Mao called Back Ye Jianying: Fu Zuoyi and Deng Baoshan were welcome to come here to discuss together.
On February 22, Fu Zuoyi, Yan Youwen, Deng Baoshan, and others arrived in Xibaipo by plane, where they met the people's leaders Chairman Mao and Zhou Enlai. After Chairman Mao learned the news that Fu Zuoyi and his party had arrived in Xibaipo, he said to Zhou Enlai: "Mr. Fu has come to see us from afar, and he cannot be neglected, and I want to see him personally!" ”
Chairman Mao and Fu Zuoyi had been looking forward to this side for a long time, and as soon as they met, Chairman Mao clasped Fu Zuoyi's hand tightly and said to him:
"In the past, we met on the battlefield, and it was clear. Today, we are uncles and relatives, and we are inseparable. Chiang Kai-shek has been playing docks all his life, and in the end you dumped him. ”
In the face of Chairman Mao's enthusiastic greeting, Fu Zuoyi's first words were:
"I am guilty, I am guilty, I think I have been a righteous half-life warrior, except for the War of Resistance, the crime is not small."
Seeing that Fu Zuoyi was so humble, Chairman Mao hurried to comfort him and affirm his merits in the peaceful liberation of Peiping; this is undoubtedly a great merit for the people in the city of Peiping, and the people will not forget him.
As for Fu Zuoyi's captured subordinates, Chairman Mao generously said: "I have captured your personnel and released them for you!" ”
This statement made Fu Zuoyi very moved. Before making overtures with the Communists, the relationship between Fu Zuoyi and Chiang Kai-shek had begun to drift apart, and the two had their own plans; they had been in the Kuomintang ranks, and the relationship between Fu Zuoyi and Chiang Kai-shek was considered to be average. When he saw Chairman Mao, the leader of the Communist Party, Fu Zuoyi and him had a very pleasant conversation at first sight. This also laid a solid foundation for Fu Zuoyi's deep friendship with the Communists later.
Picture | Fu Zuoyi and his party in Xibaipo
On the afternoon of the second day in Xibaipo, Chairman Mao again received Fu Zuoyi, along with the deputies of the Shanghai People's Peace Delegation, who asked Chairman Mao about his own whereabouts and stays, to which Chairman Mao expressed his hope that Fu Zuoyi would stay in Beiping, and that in the future the Communist Party would continue to build our country in cooperation with Fu Zuoyi.
Fu Zuoyi was very pleased with Chairman Mao's arrangement, and immediately expressed his position: "After returning to Beiping, I will certainly convey the concern and instructions of Chairman Mao and the head of the Central Committee to my subordinates and do a good job in the reorganization and peace work of the troops." ”
The trip to Xibaipo completely dispelled Fu Zuoyi's long-held doubts, and some of those ideas about the Communist Party were gone, and instead of hope for the future, even Li Kenong said: "After a long talk with Chairman Mao, Fu Zuoyi is almost like two people!" ”
Picture | Chairman Mao and Fu Zuoyi
In the process of Fu Zuoyi's sincere cooperation with Chairman Mao, there was also a small episode. At that time, Fu Zuoyi's army was taken over, and he asked to leave a guard regiment around, Fu Zuoyi was sincere in liberating Peiping, but the guard regiment did not think so, these soldiers thought that they were surrendering without a fight, so they planned to do something. The people of the guard unit gathered and went to Xiangshan, where Chairman Mao was working, but fortunately, the communist guard platoon leader found out in time and Nie Rongzhen dealt with it in time, which made things not evolve worse.
Fu Zuoyi blamed himself for this, but Chairman Mao did not blame him for this, and Chairman Mao's tolerance and generosity made Fu Zuoyi more determined to follow Chairman Mao!
Pictured| Chairman Mao
Fu Zuoyi and the leaders of the CPC have forged a very deep friendship. Chairman Mao was concerned about his life many times, and on Fu Zuoyi's birthday, Chairman Mao would invite him to dinner. In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the first sports games in the Temple of Heaven Park were held, and Chairman Mao and Fu Zuoyi also participated.
In the middle of the games, Chairman Mao took the initiative to invite Fu Zuoyi to go out for a walk, and they went to the Temple of Heaven Park to pray for the New Year, and Chairman Mao told him about the bombing and destruction of the Prayer Hall in 1949, and asked Fu Zuoyi: "Mr. Fu, do you think we have made up for this piece?" Fu Zuoyi replied with a smile, "If you don't look closely, you really can't see it." ”
On that day, Chairman Mao promised Fu Zuoyi: "You are a great hero of our Beijing, and we should reward you with a medal as big as the Temple of Heaven." In 1955, Fu Zuoyi was awarded the Liberation Medal of the First Class, and his contributions to the country and the people deserve to be recognized!
In the past, Fu Zuoyi's contributions lay on the battlefield, but after the founding of the People's Republic of China, his contributions lay in the cause of water conservancy construction in the motherland and in the small things he paid for the country and the people.
In 1949, the first session of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference was held in Beiping, and the presidium of the congress was to examine and approve the final candidates for vice premiers and ministers of various ministries.
Hearing this decision, Fu Zuoyi was very touched and hid his face and cried, because Fu Zuoyi's sudden emotions were out of control, and the meeting had to be suspended in the middle of the way.
"Mr. Zhou Enlai proposed that I be the minister of water resources, and the presidium unanimously approved it, which I never dreamed of. In the old China ruled by Chiang Kai-shek of the Kuomintang, I carried a whole box of gold and US dollar bills, and I wanted to open up the joints to buy a minister, but I couldn't afford it, and now Chairman Mao wants me, an uprising general, to be a minister, this is Chairman Mao's wisdom, the greatness of the Communist Party, and the Communist Party can't help the world! ”
Fu Zuoyi was touched by the Communist Party's affection for him, and at the meeting he excitedly shouted "Long live the Communist Party of China" and "Long live the people's leader Chairman Mao!" Many people present were infected by this emotion, shouting together, shedding tears together, and everyone united to cheer for the future of the motherland.
Pictured| Fu Zuoyi spoke at the NATIONAL CPPCC National Committee meeting
Fu Zuoyi felt not only the love of the Communist Party, but also that he could finally devote himself to the water conservancy cause he loved. Previously, Chairman Mao had a conversation with Fu Zuoyi and asked him what he wanted to do in the future, and at that time Fu Zuoyi firmly stated that he wanted to engage in water conservancy construction and do practical things for the people. The so-called "Great Yu governs the water, benefits the country and the people, and the merit lies in the thousand autumns, Fu Zuoyi is precisely this kind of thinking, and now that the Party Central Committee has fulfilled this ideal, how can he not be moved by this!
Thousands of ideas, it is difficult to unify. There have always been people who are not convinced by Fu Zuoyi's appointment, especially among the water conservancy departments where Fu Zuoyi has arrived. Some leaders think that he is not a party member, so they look down on him, and when he first started his work, Fu Zuoyi, as a minister, was often in a state of "having office and no power", and many documents he did not give instructions, but were approved by the vice minister.
Fortunately, Chairman Mao discovered this problem after careful inspection, and he asked Fu Zuoyi with concern whether he was neglecting his work. Fu Zuoyi said sincerely:
"Where, where, you did not cure me of my sins, I am already grateful. I am a 'layman' in water conservancy issues, and I am afraid that I am not qualified for the work of minister. ”
In response to Fu Zuoyi's humble remarks, Chairman Mao encouraged him:
"If you don't understand it, you can learn it!" If you have a problem, you should consult the masses, learn while doing, and who has a natural insider! ”
Fu Zuoyi said that he did not have time to give instructions on the documents because he was busy with work, and Chairman Mao did not speak. Later, at the request of Premier Zhou Enlai, the documents of the Ministry of Water Resources were invalid without Minister Fu's instructions, which helped Fu Zuoyi resolve the "embarrassing situation" he faced at work.
Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou naturally believed in Fu Zuoyi's ability, and Fu Zuoyi really did not disappoint them; he went down to the grass-roots level, visited the masses, actively built water conservancy projects, and personally went down to various large water conservancy and power construction sites to conduct investigations and studies.
When Fu Zuoyi was ill in bed, he was still concerned about the various undertakings of the motherland, and he wrote to Premier Zhou: "The only force to support life depends on the spirit, and I hope to see the liberation of Taiwan and the reunification of the motherland." "Hand over all 400,000 to the state." Seeing that Fu Zuoyi's attitude was sincere, Premier Zhou Enlai took the money and handed it over to the state.
Picture | from left: Zhang Zhizhong, Zhou Enlai, Fu Zuoyi, Qu Wu
Premier Zhou Enlai visited Fu Zuoyi several times while he was in poor health, and when Fu Zuoyi was almost unconscious, he tried his best to open his eyes and saw Premier Zhou holding his hand, and Premier Zhou said to him: "Mr. Fu, Chairman Mao said that you have made great contributions to the peaceful liberation of Peiping!" Fu Zuoyi wanted to say something, but he couldn't say anything, only to see his eyes flashing with tears, as if to tell his comfort and touch.
On April 19, 1974, Fu Zuoyi unfortunately died of illness, and a few days later, at his memorial service, Premier Zhou Enlai presided over, Vice Chairman Ye Jianying delivered a eulogy, Chairman Mao sent a wreath, and many Communist Party friends expressed their deep remembrance of him.....