Wen | Flying Fish says history
The Prince of Jin died, the elder and the young, and the good and the good were not tired, the father was fox, the teacher was Zhao Wan, and the elder Jia Tuo. The fox was also his uncle, and Hui Yi was strategic; Zhao waned his ancestors' rong yu, Zhao Su's brother was also, and Wen Yi was loyal; the Jia Tuo clan was also, and the knowledge was respectful. - "Chinese Jin"
As the saying goes: Chinese civilization looks at spring and autumn, and the spring and autumn righteousness looks at the Jin dynasty.
Why is there such a statement, this is because the Spring and Autumn Period was a great ideological liberation in Chinese history, and at this stage, a hundred schools of thought in the Central Plains were contending, and the Chinese civilization was in the collision of a hundred schools of thought, and it became more and more civilized.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the Jin State was located in the core of the Central Plains, and had a non-negligible role in defending the Chinese civilization, since ancient times, those who won the Central Plains, won the world, and during the Warring States Period, the three families of Han Zhao and Wei could become the objects of continuous horizontal and vertical competition, and the reason for this is also here, which will not be repeated at this time.
King Wu cuts the silk
After King Ji of Zhou Wu destroyed the Shang Dynasty, due to the remote geographical location of the capital City of Hojing, the jurisdiction over the Central Plains was beyond reach, and a large number of vassal states began to be divided.
The first monarch of the Jin state was Tang Shuyu, the son of King Wu of Zhou, and at first the name of the state of Jin was Tang (the "Chronicle of History" records: Jin Tang ShuYu, the prince of Zhou Wu became the brother of the king), and later Tang Shuyu's son succeeded to the throne and changed it to Jin, and since then the Jin state at the center of Chinese civilization has gradually risen.
In the jin dynasty, the Jin state began the road of annexation of the small princely states (Han Feizi records: the seventeenth and thirty-eight of the service state), which laid the foundation for the hegemony of the later Jin state.
In the Spring and Autumn Period, there were five hegemons, the Duke of Qi Huan, the Duke of Song Xiang, the Duke wen of Jin, the Duke of Qin Mu, and the King of Chuzhuang, and the other said to be the Duke of Qi Huan, the Duke of Jin Wen, the King of Chuzhuang, the King of Wu, and the King of Yue.
Spring and Autumn Five
But no matter which way it is said, Jin Wengong is on the list.
So why do you say that Jin Wen GongZhong'er was a gravedigger of the Jin Kingdom? It turned out to be a system he founded, which laid the foundation for the usurpation of power by Qing Dafu, and this system was the "three armies and six secretaries system".
This flying fish starts from the "three armies and six secretaries system" of the Jin Dynasty, and analyzes why the three families are inevitable in the historical development.
Zhong'er, the 22nd monarch of the Jin Dynasty, his life can be described as ups and downs, originally a noble prince, but because of the Rebellion of Li Ji, he was forced to start a 19-year exile, and on the way to the exile of Zhong'er, there was a group of people who always followed him.
This group of people was not his servants, but important ministers with outstanding talents, among which Hu Yan, Zhao Wan, Jia Tuo, Wei Wuzi, and Xianxun were the most famous, and they were also known as the Five Wise Men around The Duke Wen of Jin (the "Records of History" recorded: "Jin Wen Gong Zhong'er, the son of Jin Xiangong, zi shaohao, seventeen years old, there were five sages, known as Zhao Wan; Fox Yan blamed the offender, Wen Gong's uncle also; Jia Tuo; Xianxun; Wei Wuzi).
Jin Wengong
Hu Yan was Zhong'er's uncle and his chief strategist, Zhao Wan, in the process of following Zhong'er into exile, repeatedly plotted to help him turn danger into destruction, Jia Tuo was knowledgeable and humble and powerful, Xianxun was a famous general and military master of the Jin State, the Jin State was able to win two major wars against the Qin state and the Chu State, this person was indispensable, Wei Wuzi was a warrior around the Duke Wen of Jin, brave and brave, and also made great contributions in protecting the safety of the heavy ear.
It can be said that jin wengong had the assistance of these five people to achieve hegemony, after Jin Wengong succeeded to the throne, of course, did not forget these heroes, the reuse of power is naturally not needed to be detailed, and they have been richly rewarded, fiefdoms, since then the Jin state of the qing doctor began to take charge of the state authority, the division of the Jin state also laid the groundwork at this time.
In 633 BC, with the rise of the Jin state, the Jin and Chu wars for the supremacy of the Central Plains were inevitable, so the Battle of Chengpu between Jin and Chu broke out, and on the eve of the war, the Jin Wengong established a system of three armies and six secretaries.
That is to say, the whole army of the Jin State is divided into three armies, the upper, middle, and lower armies, and the three armies each have one general and one zo, that is, the upper army general, the upper army general, the middle army general, the middle army general, the lower army general, and the lower army general, of which the chinese general has the greatest authority and is the actual consul of the Jin state.
The "Left Biography" records: and make Hao Yun general Zhongjun, Hao Qinzuozhi; make Fox Yan general on the army, give way to Fox Mao, and Zuozhi; order Zhao Wan to be Qing, let Luan Zhi and Xianxun, make Luan Zhi general go down, Xian Xuan Zuozhi, Xun Lin's father Yu Rong, Wei Zhun as the right.
Heavy ear exile diagram
It can be seen from this that most of the important ministers who followed the Exile of Jin Wengong ranked among the six secretaries, and even if they did not enter at the beginning, under the principle of "long death and second supplementation", they also successively entered the six secretaries, which was the prototype of the earliest cabinet system, and of course, it was also the starting point for the gradual rise of the qing master to power.
At the beginning of the establishment of the three armies and six secretaries, it showed a very strong combat effectiveness, defeated the Chu army in the Battle of Chengpu, established the status of the hegemon of the Central Plains, and later the three armies and six secretaries system also evolved, such as jin Wengong added two new armies to become five armies and ten secretaries, Jin Jinggong added three armies to become six armies and twelve secretaries, and then Qing Dafu began to tilt each other, and restored the three armies and six secretaries, and by the end of the spring and autumn, the secretaries of the Jin state were left with Han, Zhao, Wei, Fan, Zhi, and the six secretaries of the Bank of China.
With the strong rise of the Qing Dynasty within the Jin Dynasty, the authority of the Jin State Office declined repeatedly, and by the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, the Jin Office had ceased in name only, not only could not dominate the jin state's regime, but even had difficulties in self-preservation, and could only survive under the wings of the Qing Doctor, and at this time, the friction between the remaining six Secretaries of the Jin State was escalating, first of all, the Fan clan and the Zhonghang clan joined hands to destroy the Zhao clan.
As a result, the Wei, Han, and Zhi clans pulled it in the Zhao clan's crisis, but the Fan clan and the Zhongxing clan were driven out of the Jin state, and the iron was hot, in order not to give these two major families a chance to rise again, the three armies and six secretaries of the Jin state were reduced to the two armies and four secretaries system, and the remaining four secretaries were the most powerful zhi clan forces.
Ancient war diagram
When the Zhi clan took over the authority of the Jin state, he always wanted to destroy the three families of Han Zhao and Wei, and then swallow the Jin state alone and realize the Zhi clan to replace the Jin, but when the Zhi clan attacked the Zhao clan, the Han and Wei families turned against the water, and the final result was that the most powerful Zhi clan perished.
This led to the fact that only the three families of Han Zhao and Wei were left with the powerful Qing Dafu of the Jin State, and because of their equal strength, the last discussion was a total, which also divided the Jin State into three and became the princes of their own, which was the dividing point of the famous Spring and Autumn Warring States in history - the three families divided into Jin ("Zuo Chuan Shi Wei" recorded: Zhi Bo was destroyed and the three Jin forces became, and the three Jins were divided and the seven kingdoms were established).
Heavy ear is the gravedigger of the Jin kingdom? He created a system that laid the foundation for the usurpation of power by Qing Dafu, which was the system of three armies and six secretaries that once dominated the Jin dynasty, so why did one system have two completely different reactions?
This depends on the monarch and the subject in the system, when the monarch is strong and the subject is weak, such a system is like a tiger to the management of the country, but if the monarch is weak and the subject is strong, this system will push the country into the fire pit, the hegemony of the Jin Wengong period is undoubtedly the former, and the three branches of the Jin dynasty are undoubtedly the latter.
Three Jin, seven countries
Starting from the "three armies and six secretaries system" of the Jin Dynasty, a brief analysis of why the three branches of jin are inevitable in the development of history, the original intention of the three armies and six secretaries system is to strengthen national strength, which is the prototype of the earliest cabinet system in history, but this system has a fatal flaw, that is, it is very dependent on the personal ability of the monarch, when the monarch is overwhelmed by heavy responsibilities, the secretary will naturally replace it.
In the Spring and Autumn Warring States period when slavery was about to collapse, the rise and fall of the princely states seemed not surprising, but the division of the Jin state hinted at the collapse of the Eastern Zhou, and the Jin appointed Qing Dafu took power and then vacated the Jin office, and the princely states of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty became independent after they became powerful.
What do you think about that?
References: "History", "Warring States Policy", "Zuo Zhuan", "Han Feizi", "Chinese", etc.
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