Poetry, the miscellaneous theories of Grammatical poetry and addition, multiplication and power, and the final battle for fame and fortune in poetry...

Recently, the war of words between the "Gelug poetry school" and the "non-Gelug poetry school" on the Internet has been fought in full swing and cannot be fought, and there is a great tendency to not share the heavens...

Here, I don't want to say "which is right or wrong". It is not that I am innocent of right and wrong, or that I am a "slime-cutter", but that this debate has gone beyond the "poetic debate".

What I'm going to say here is something else:

First, what is the poem "what Rausch"?

The ancients said: "If things are uneven, they will sound..." When there is joy and sorrow in people's hearts, they must make sounds, or express or send, or complain or sigh.

For example, today, everything is very simple, and it is not a big deal to simply and rudely say: "Sleeper! "All emotions are expressed. However, the ancients wanted to sing, sing three sighs at once, with a profound artistic conception, lingering feelings, and timeless literary style...

In fact, the ancients were not all literati and scholars who "wrote poetry". Venting phrases such as "vaulting horses, sleeping grooves", "woodcuts, sand sculptures" will also abound. That's the case with the people. This is the "folk custom".

The ancient saints understood the importance of the people's hearts to the community, so they specially set up officials to collect these lamentations from the people, and went up to the Ming Jun, saying that they were "observable". That is, to observe the movement of the people through "folk sayings and complaints"...

We are not talking about how kings "look" today. What can be seen in the people's hearts should not only be the poetry mentioned today, but also the "colloquialism". However, in order to satisfy the king, the wind collectors certainly had to do some careful screening. Therefore, those words that have both the value of "observing the people's feelings" and the "beauty of music" should be poetry (not only poetry, but also folk songs).

Just by inference, we should know that the collected "folk style" cannot be said to be such as "the number of sand in the Yellow River" (the Yellow River also has sand, right?). ), also sweat cattle full of building. Later, it is always necessary to screen again and again. After the final deletion and reduction by Kong Shengren, there are only more than three hundred essences left, known as "Three Hundred Poems".

That is to say, in the Three Hundred Poems (or the Book of Poetry), they are all carefully selected works with greater literary value and more prominent musical beauty.

Even so, "Kankan vatan, put the river dry..." is a poem. (I suppose that even with the addition of many modifiers later, I would not dare to say that they were not poems.)

The rhythmic beauty of poetry is undeniable, and it is precisely because of its rhythmic beauty that later literati rushed to imitate it, and the "Tang poems" (although the development of poetry was the result of the efforts of successive generations of literati)" appeared and flourished.

This is where "poetry" as I understand it comes from... Therefore, later generations said "poetry", "poetry lyricism"...

Second, what is Grammatical poetry?

The above is to say that poetry is a selection of the "words" of the people. It is a "literary style". It has the characteristics of short and concise, catchy, far-reaching artistic conception, lyrical speech and so on.

So what is "Grammatical"?

In fact, "Grammatical Poetry" is another "selection" of "poetry" by later generations...

We know that the biggest Tang Dynasty poet was Li Bai, who was called "Shi Xian". Even his "Shu Dao Difficulty" is called a model of poetry. At the beginning of "Shu Dao Difficulty", he shouted "Oh and oh, the danger is high, the difficulty of Shu Dao, it is difficult to go to the Qingtian...", and his voice was exhausted. This is probably not a "Grammatical poem".

So what is "Gregorian"?

In fact, the ancestors of the "Gelugshi" school did not know that they wanted to create the "Gelugshi" school.

At the beginning, it was only discovered that among the poems handed down in ancient times, some of them had neat sentences, harmonious rhymes, and rhythmic beauty. In particular, there are some seven words per line, and five words per line, which are even more unique, so there are titles of "five-word poem", "seven-word poem" and "row law".

In the Three Kingdoms period, Wei Guo's left colonel Ordered Li Deng to study in depth, make a summary, and write ten volumes of "Sound Categories". It is known as the "Ancestor of rhyme books". The Jin Dynasty An Fu Ling compiled the six volumes of the Yun Ji.

With the period of the Southern and Northern Dynasties, poetry creation prevailed, people paid more and more attention to the rhythm of poetry, and "Yongming body" poetry appeared...

Later, more and more studies of phonology appeared, and there were also "Cut Rhymes", "Tang Rhymes", and "Guang Rhymes" (also known as "Great Song Re-repair GuangYun" contains 26194 Chinese characters)

By the middle of the 13th century, Wang Wenyu, a northern Jin Dynasty man, was an official in Pingshui (present-day Linfen, Shanxi) and created a "Pingshui New Periodical Rhyme Strategy", so that there was a "Pingshui Rhyme" loved by northerners...

At present, there are still popular "Peiwen Poetry Rhyme", "Cilin Zheng Rhyme" and "Zhongyuan Yin Rhyme" and so on...

I'm not here to "count the family treasures", but I want to ask a question about this:

Why did these poetry researchers spend their lives revising the "Rhyme Book" again and again?

Deeper into this, there are roughly two reasons:

First, the original is not accurate enough. They want to "keep improving.".

Second, language is not a rigid thing. It developed and changed with the development of dynasties. The pronunciation of the language changes, and the reading aloud naturally changes. Rhyme books study the actual pronunciation of Chinese characters, so it is impossible to measure the actual pronunciation of people with ancient book rhymes. Therefore, rhyme books should also develop...

Let's start with the first one. In the process of excellence, how the ancients treated "failed" works.

Although the old scholar has a fondness for his selected poems, he does not have the courage to offend the public anger. They were not "stupid" enough to exclude "unsuccessful works" from the ranks of poetry, but gave them "gods":

Li Bai and other famous artists, called "ancient poetry", are "ancestors", and they are offered up.

Qu Yuan's was called "Chu Ci" and he worshipped as a guest. On the sidelines...

Later, the sentence pattern is not neat, and it can be sung with music, called "Shiyu", which is the work of the poet in "Yaxing". Later it was simply called "word"...

In short, you all have your own world, don't come and fight with me...

Therefore, he did not dare to "monopolize the name of the poem", but humbly called it "Gelug poetry". Explicitly: We are just a kind of poem with the format and rhythm of "sentences against each other, flat and clear, and rhythmic feet" ... Don't argue with us.

That's all.

But later, the keju came out. "Grammatical poetry" has become a compulsory subject for the selection of officials...

In order to take the exam, the old man taught strictly requiring his disciples to write poems "according to the law". Otherwise, you won't be able to get an official and a half job... From then on, the "Grammatical" was no longer humble, but condescending, despising everything, and guiding all poetry...

Habits are formed. The "highest realm" and strict "standards" of "gelu" as poetry attack and negate other poems in order to "ensure Denko". Many years after the abolition of the imperial examination, it also became a habit of the literati who were "trained by the old pedantry to get used to it"... All poems must be "according to the law." Otherwise, you have to beat the ring ruler... As for the tablets that were previously enshrined, such as "Shijing", "Ancient Poetry", "Chu Ci", etc., they were all thrown out of the temple. ......

Here, I hereby declare:

I have in no way denigrated or disparaged the meaning of "Grammatical Poetry."

I have already made it very clear: "Grammatical poetry" is a fine work in poetry, which has been strictly selected after thousands of hammers and hammers. Their relationship to other poems is like the algorithm in the "four operations" in mathematics:

Such as addition, multiplication and power...

All three algorithms count as totals. It is used when the quantity is "summarized"...

In fact, it is completely "sufficient" to use only "addition" when "summarizing". Despite the clumsiness, no matter how many "quantities" there are, one by one adds up to the completion...

However, some wise people found that there are many "additions with the same number", so they "selected" out, invented "multiplication", and found that in "multiplication", there is a multiplication with "the same multiplier", and there is a "power"...

Fortunately, after discovering "multiplication", mathematicians did not deny the existence of "addition". Addition is still recognized...

So, I mean: no matter how beautiful the "Grammatical Poems" are, don't stifle the existence of other types of poems... It's like if you eat a full table every day, don't forbid others to eat coarse tea and light rice..., let alone say: "Except for the full table of Manchu, it is not a meal eaten by people..."

And then the second one:

Language is alive and develops with the times. Phonology must also and must evolve. Otherwise, the rhyme books of the dynasties and dynasties would not have been revised and perfected again and again.

For example, the sound characters in "Peiwen Poetry Rhyme" and "Cilin Zhengyun" do not exist in "Zhongyuan Zhengyun". They are all divided into the four sounds of "yin, yang, up, and go."

If you still want to stick to the "ping in the law" to consider, to the upper voice and the sound of the word, the flat has not changed, those divided into "yin ping, yang ping" to go to the word, can you make a slang consideration?

You use ancient rhymes to consider the present tone, can you consider it accurately? Even if you can think about it accurately, can you ask the reader to be sure to pronounce it according to the "intonation word"?

Besides, Mandarin has changed a lot now. It is no longer pronounced "Zhongyuan pronunciation".

Mandarin is a language system based on the Beijing dialect and the exemplary modern vernacular as the basis for the vocabulary. The pronunciation of many words has changed.

For example: "horn" character, Mandarin pronunciation [jiǎo] and "Cilin Zhengyun" is a sound word, read [jue]; "grip" character, Mandarin read [wò], and "Cilin Zhengyun" is pronounced [reverse angle cut] reading [nuo]...

Even if these are still slang sounds, unchanged, then "ge", "to", "po" and other sound words, still do slang theory?

The pronunciation of the word has changed, and it can no longer be judged according to the ancient sound. We can't use this as a basis to deny others...

Therefore, I believe that no matter how grammatical poetry is the essence, it cannot be used as a basis to attack, insult, or even stifle other poems...

Everything has a process of birth, development, prosperity, and decay. Poetry is no exception. When novels, movies, etc. develop, the poem should be closed and let it end... Reincarnation of the Heavenly Dao, cannot be violated.

In this day and age, poetry has died, so why is there such a fierce battle?

There are roughly two reasons:

First, someone who has studied all his life, who has spent a lifetime, always has to use this as a manifestation, and suddenly someone tells him: "Those are meaningless." This is not the same as declaring, "Your life is in vain." ”

Who can bear this blow? Of course, it must be vigorously maintained.

Maintaining the dominance of "Grammatical", it also maintains its own value...

Those who pursue "innovation" do not have to "deny" and "Grammatical Poetry" at every turn. There are two reasons for this:

1. The position of Grammatical in the history of literature was not laid down in one day or two days. Even if you die, there are "nicknames" that no one can deny.

2, do not be cursed when killing people. Humility is what it deserves...

Second, always believe that their life's efforts are the peak, for the challenge of their own "juniors", of course, to kick away the old seniors do not be too fierce. Although this is both a "name" and a "benefit". There is such an old gentleman who also wants to see the historical trend, right?

(As for personal attacks, which have lost their discussion value, I will not talk about them here... ）

In short, in the hundred gardens, no matter how beautiful the peony is, it must also accommodate all kinds of flowers to bloom. The same goes for Grammatical:

Grammatical poetry is the essence, but "miscellaneous poetry" should also have a place. vice versa......