King Xuan of Zhou was the eleventh generation tianzi of The Western Zhou Dynasty, named Ji Jing. History books refer to him as the son of King Li. Regarding how King Xuan of Zhou ascended to the throne, according to the Chronicle of History:
So Guo Mo dared to speak out, and for three years, he was in harmony with the pan and attacked the king. King Li ran out of sight. The prince quietly summoned the prince's house, and the people of the country heard about it, but surrounded it. Summoning the Gong: "The king of the former Wu suddenly consulted the king, and the king did not obey, and this difficulty also." Kill the crown prince now, and the king will be angry with me for revenge? Husbands and kings, danger without hatred, resentment without anger, the situation of the king! 'But his son was the prince, and the prince was able to get rid of it.' Summoning the Gong and Zhou Gong were in charge of the two phases, known as the "Republic". In the fourteenth year of the republic, King Li died. Prince Jingchang and Zhao Gongjia, the two phases are jointly established as kings, for the sake of King Xuan.
King Xuan learned the lessons of his father, King Li, and immediately after succeeding to the throne, he informed the people that the mountains, forests, and rivers were shared by the whole world, and even the royal nobles could not monopolize them; when handling political affairs, they would consult with the ministers and would never act alone. In addition, King Xuan also selected a wide range of talents, and obtained talents such as Zhongshan Fu, Fang Shu, and Yin Jifu, plus the auxiliary government of Zhou and Zhao Ergong, and his rule was firmly backed. Under his rectification, the declining Zhou Dynasty saw a temporary revival.
During the Xuanwang period, there were fierce ethnic conflicts with the tribes of Inurong, Xirong, Huaiyi, and Jingchu, and there were the expansion of the power of the princes inside, and the class contradictions were still tense.
After the destruction of the Yin Shang, the Zhou Dynasty "feudal state-building, in order to abandon the Zhou Room", annexed the land population of ethnic minorities such as Bafang Rongyi, expanded its sphere of influence, and consolidated its territorial rule. In the middle and late Western Zhou Dynasty, with the development of the social, political and economic development of the two sides, the social contradictions between the surrounding ethnic groups and the Zhou Dynasty intensified, and conflicts continued. "King Zhao's southern expedition was not restored" (Zuo Zhuan), Mu Wang zheng inu rong "got four white wolves, four white deer to return" ("Chinese"), and sent a guarding division to the land of Xuhuai; during the reign of King Li, Nanhuaiyi invaded the Iloilo region. By the time of King Xuan, the zhou dynasty's conflict with various tribes intensified.
After King Xuan of Zhou ascended the throne, the Huaiyi rebellion was fundamentally resolved. According to the "Ancient Bamboo Book Chronicle": "In the sixth year, summoned Mu Gongshuai to cut down Huaiyi. Wang Shuai's master was Xu Rong, and the emperor's father and Father Hugh were from Wang Fa Xu Rong, second to Huai. The king returned to Xu, and Xi summoned Mu Gong to order." It was in the sixth year of King Xuan of Zhou (822 BC) that the Western Zhou army eliminated the four chiefs of Ran, Yi, Ling, and Da of Huaiyi, and obtained prisoners, livestock, and treasures, and achieved battle achievements.
After this battle, Huaiyi completely surrendered to Western Zhou.
Soon, King Xuan decided to summon Mu Gong as the main general and Fang Shu as his deputy general, and raised an army to conquer Jingchu in the south, and defeated the State of Chu, forcing the State of Chu to move south and submit to the Zhou Dynasty.
In fact, rashly launching a war that is not an urgent need will drag the entire country into the quagmire of war.
In the Zhou Dynasty, with the development of social economy, the royal family and different classes had irreconcilable contradictions on many issues such as the distribution of social resources and social power.
The characteristics of the Zhou Dynasty's rule were that the Heavenly Sons, princes, and Qing Dafu each had their own soil and governed their own people.
Therefore, when King Xuan carried out a policy of "feeding the people in Taiyuan", that is to say, the census pilot work was carried out in the place of Dayuan, so that in the future, Zhuang Ding would be selected to join the army according to the household registration, and taxes would be collected to supplement the national treasury. Who knows, at the beginning of the deployment, it was stubbornly resisted by government departments at all levels. Minister Fan Zhongshan said: "The number of people cannot be specially checked and counted(the people are unpredictable)!" However, King Xuan, despite the objections of the royal noble ministers, resolutely conducted a household census. Although it played a certain role in improving the level of state management, it also "offended" the princes, nobles, scholars, and doctors.
King Xuan also improved the relationship between kings and subjects. The Chronicle of Zhou Benji states: "King Xuan... Xiu Zheng, the legacy of French, Wu, Cheng, and Kang, and the princes of Fuzong Zhou. "In the early years of King Xuan," the king ordered his father to be like Han, and the Marquis of Han came to the dynasty. "But there are still contradictions with the princes." In the twelfth year of King Xuan's reign, King Xuan privately loved the second son of Duke Wu of Lu and was made crown prince despite the advice of his ministers, and later became the Duke of Lu Yi, and hou Bo killed himself, and later King Xuan killed Lu and became known as Duke Xiao of Lu, hoping that he would be a submissive prince.
Who knows, in the second year of King Xuan, Cao You's brother Su killed Youbo Daili. In the twelfth year, Hu Gongzi entered Qi, and the Qi people attacked and killed Li Gong. Later, Duke Chi of Li succeeded to the throne, killing seventy people of Li Gong, Lu Guobo yu and Lu Ren YiGong stood on their own, and Duke Wu of Wei attacked Gong Boyu at the funeral of Marquis Ao, forcing him to commit suicide in the tomb road. The brother of Jin Mu stood on his own, and the crown prince ran away with vengeance.
The frequent conflicts within the princes during this period reflected the evil consequences of the development of the "decline of the royal way".
For the brief restoration of the western Zhou state power during the reign of King Xuan of Zhou, it was historically called "King Xuanxing".
However, this ZTE situation did not last long. King Xuan reigned for forty-six years, the southern conquest of the northern war, although the expansion of the territory of Western Zhou, but also spent a lot of manpower, material resources, financial resources, the country has long been in decline, the Zhou Dynasty has re-emerged decline.