The Battle of Jing
After the Battle of Jingnan, the Yan army led by Zhu Di broke through the city. A fire burned in the palace, but Emperor Jianwen did not know the end. This battle between the bright and the dark also ended with the disappearance of Emperor Jianwen and the becoming the new emperor of Zhu Di, the King of Yan.
However, after Zhu Di became the new emperor, the original batch of ministers who assisted Emperor Jianwen were very miserable.
For example, the core ministers such as Huang Zicheng, Qi Tai, Tie Xian, and Fang Xiaoru, whom Zhu Yuanzhang personally placed next to Zhu Yunjiao, were particularly miserable next time. Huang Zicheng's hands and feet were cut off and tortured to death, only one of the younger sons of the whole family escaped, and all the others were killed; Qi Tai was arrested in Anhui because he went out to recruit soldiers, and the whole family was killed; Tie Xian died in Jinan, and was also tortured and killed, his wife and daughter were all used as official prostitutes, and only one eldest son survived.
Among them, the most tragic is still a number of filial pieties. Not only were the whole family killed, but even the students and disciples under the disciples were also implicated, and they did not escape the bad luck. Therefore, Fang Xiaoru is also known as the only person in history who has been "Zhulian Ten Tribes".
So, why would Fang Xiaoru be connected to the Ten Clans? Was it simply because he refused to write an edict for the new emperor Zhu Di?
Fang Xiaoru
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="13" >, angering Zhu Di</h1>
His scholarly feelings are actually very worthy of respect. But Zhu Di did not see it that way. Zhu Di was originally a usurper, and the name of the throne was not justified, if Fang Xiaoru chose to submit to the new emperor and assist the new emperor in building a meritorious career, then Fang Xiaoru might not die.
But he not only did not give in, but also bluntly refused, but also "raised the bar" with Zhu Di. Directly angered Zhu Di.
Fang Xiaoru refused to write an edict for Zhu Di, and Zhu Di asked, "Aren't you afraid that I will curse you of the Nine Tribes?" ”
Fang Xiaoru was very tough and replied, "What about the Ten Clans?" ”
Zhu Di's authority was challenged, and he was completely outraged. "Well, then fulfill you!"
Zhu Di stills
Zhu Di was originally a decisive person, and if he could not be loyal to himself, then there was definitely only one way to die.
What also made Zhu Di very angry was how unbearable I really was. You would rather die than assist me, and when you are dying, you are still so tough, and you will not hesitate to implicate the Ten Tribes and stick to your position, well, then let you persist to the end!
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="29" > second, the "great loyalty and righteousness" feelings of the literati doctor</h1>
Fang Xiaoru was a very talented literati and a man of high morals.
He studied under Song Lian, who, together with Gao Qi and Liu Ji, was known as the "Three Great Poets of the Early Ming Dynasty", and enjoyed a high status and fame in literature. When Fang Xiaoru became a teacher, he also learned the essence of the teacher in poetry. Song Lian once commented: Except for Ouyang Xiu and Su Shi, since the Tang Dynasty, no one has been able to surpass Fang Xiaoru. Such a high evaluation, in fact, reflects his talent and sentiments. Therefore, this is also why when Zhu Di wanted to ascend the throne and find someone to write an edict to the throne, Yao Guangxiao would directly elect Fang Xiaoru.
Most importantly, Song Lian also passed on his values of loyalty to the country to Fang Xiaoru.
In addition, Zhu Yuanzhang attached great importance to Fang Xiaoru and placed him as a core assistant minister next to Zhu Yunjiao, which also placed high hopes and full trust. It can be seen from this that Fang Xiaoru is absolutely extremely noble in all aspects of ideology and morality, and is the kind of scholar who "guards the faith with his life".
Literati inherently have a kind of purity and arrogance in their bones, and it is also a kind of stubbornness and persistence that would rather die than yield. Under the guidance of Fang Xiaoru's loyal values, as an auxiliary minister of Emperor Jianwen, at this time, the emperor he was loyal to was killed by Zhu Di's usurpation of the throne, and Zhu Di turned back to let himself serve him, is this not an insult? Fang Xiaoru did not understand that "good birds choose trees to perch", and he also knew that the fate of rebelling against Zhu Di would not be good, but his integrity could not be lost.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="41" >3, "Zhulian Ten Tribes" historical data is doubtful</h1>
Regarding the fact that Fang Xiaoru was "zhulian ten tribes", there are still many questions in later generations.
Some people say that in fact, in the real history, Fang Xiaoru was not really connected to the Ten Tribes, but from the wild history of false rumors. Looking at the historical materials of the old paper pile, it can be found that in the "Biography of Ming Shi Fang Xiaoru", it is only recorded that "Chengzu was angry, and the fate of the cities was killed." Filial piety died in anger, at the age of forty six", and "the death of filial piety, hundreds of people sat before and after the clan relatives and friends", etc., and did not mention the fact that Fang Xiaoru was accused of exterminating the ten tribes.
Moreover, the earliest record of Fang Xiaoru being "Zhulian Ten Tribes" actually appeared in Zhu Zhishan's "Wild Record".
By the time of the Qing Dynasty, the history of the Ming Dynasty had been greatly revised, and many historical materials were doubtful. But no matter what, no matter whether Fang Xiaoru was zhulian ten tribes or not, people who mentioned the matter of "zhulian ten tribes" would think of Fang Xiaoru and think of this loyal and righteous confucian who would rather die than yield.
Even if he had not been killed by the Ten Clans, Fang Xiaoru's fate would be the same as that of several other auxiliary ministers, and he would have been beheaded by Zhu Diman, leaving no trouble behind. Behind this "Zhulian Ten Tribes", it is more important for people to remember his indomitable persistence and loyalty, no matter whether future generations judge him for great loyalty and righteousness, great loyalty or unwiseness, his integrity that persists until the last moment of life is always worthy of the respect of future generations.
Author: Our team has a falling moon
Reference: Zhang Lan,"The Ming Dynasty Was Originally Like This"