Chao Shuzhi, a proud disciple of Su Shi, was one of the four scholars of Su Men. Although he had the ideal of joining the army with hard work and deeds, and had also gone all out to chase his dreams, the cruelty and ruthlessness of reality still made Chao Shuzhi germinate the idea of retreat, and later put his ideas into action: he built a return garden, called himself a returner, and wrote poems praising Tao Yuanming many times.
If you look at these records alone, you will find that in the depths of Chao's heart, he longs for freedom and yearns for a pastoral life. But is that really the case? Privately, I think this statement is not comprehensive. Because, looking at Chao's poetic works and the trajectory of his life's actions, you will find that Chao's reluctance to retreat is actually buried in his heart, or the idea of actively entering the world.
It is undeniable that Chao Has indeed expressed his admiration for Tao Yuanming in his poetry works. In the seventh year of Yuan He, Chao Shuzhi wrote such verses as "Returning to Hugh but so, it is enough to live a life" in "Twenty Drinking Songs with Mr. Su Hanlin's Second Rhyme and Tao Yuanming". Therefore, some people say that through such poems, we can see chao's retreat.
However, if you understand the causes and consequences of the matter, you will find that such a conclusion is somewhat sloppy. At that time, Chao Supplement was forced to beg for foreign officials because of the meager and insufficient support of the school secretary Lang Guanlu, and was able to judge Yangzhou by the Secret Cabinet. At that time, he was not yet implicated in the party struggle, and he was still quite powerful in the DPRK. And in this situation: with a backer and being forced by his own livelihood, how can Chao Makeshi have the idea of retreating?
It is worth mentioning that Chao Alsozhi also expressed his own point of view in this collection of works: fighting for his relatives, he had no intention of competing for time. Burma is an official, and the party that reports to the country is here. That is to say, for Chao Shouzhi, "fighting for his relatives" and "serving the country in Zi" were his original ideals for officials, and in the case that his ideals had not yet been realized, Chao Shuzhi would not choose to cut off his own path as an official, right?
Moreover, the most intuitive manifestation of the fact that Chao Supplement was unwilling to go into hiding was that on the eve of the end of his life, the fifty-seven-year-old Chao Supplementary Zhi, after receiving an edict from the imperial court ordering him to go to Sizhou as an official, forcibly rushed to the area where he was serving regardless of his physical condition. However, it was not long before the fifty-eight-year-old Chao Died at the place of office. Isn't chao's stubborn behavior not enough to show his determination to return to the official arena?
From Chao's final life decision, it can actually be seen that in this life, he put being an official in the first place. And the hermitage poems made in the middle of those years are actually an outlet for dissatisfaction with the status quo of life. Therefore, as soon as there is any hope of returning to the court, Chao Will immediately show his gratitude to the imperial court for the grace of knowing the encounter. So, why did he have such a deep obsession with officials? This has to start with Chao's subjective beliefs and influences.
There are two main reasons why Chao is unwilling to retreat: first, subjective belief; and second, objective factors.
Subjective beliefs
When he was young, Chao Made up for it, he regarded many good rulers as his life idols. He once wrote in his works: Reading in a few days does not rise to the church of Confucius. If Wu Xian and Fu Xian are not caught, they are useful when they are encountered, and Shu Ji learns zheng zichan and Jin Shu xiang to be a man, and he is still afraid of his distant future, and a country's position is not enough to use the world. And these examples had a huge impact on the later development of Chao Supplement.
In Chao's view, a well-educated person with ideals and abilities should put the people first and be loyal to the monarch. Inspired by such thoughts, Chao Made-up has been striving for a positive entry into the world when he grows up. Therefore, when he learned that the imperial court used soldiers annan, Chao, who had no meritorious name and was "poor and poor, and it was not easy to live in a big place", wrote such a good article as "The Word of Sin".
In this article, Chao first stated his sin of not being able to go to the battlefield in person, and then discussed the desirable situation of the enemy soldiers from all aspects. Such a masterpiece on the state's armament shows that in the depths of Chao's heart, he never regarded himself as a idle person who did nothing, but always paid attention to the major affairs of the country and was ready to pay everything for the fate and development of the country.
Objective impact
The objective factor that has a great impact on Chao's diligent and diligent work as an official is the family and the division. Under the joint influence of the two, it has strengthened the belief that Chao Shouyi is willing to enter the official field in his lifetime.
First of all, Chao's father's behavior deeply affected Chao's behavior. Compared with Chao's complement, Chao Ruiyou's career path is also not smooth. When Chao Ruiyou was twenty-five years old, he entered the official arena through the first place in the imperial examination. However, due to various reasons, Chao Ruiyou was unable to gain power until he was forty-eight years old, when he was promoted to the position of secretary of the provincial writer Saburō. However, even more unfortunately, it was not long before Chao Ruiyou died of illness.
From the record that "in Xi Ningzhong, the ancestors donated the museum to the Capital Division, yu Shi's family was in Wu, and the poor could not be buried in time": Chao Ruiyou was an official all his life, but he was very poor. However, under such circumstances, Chao Ruiyou still insisted on being an official and did not return to the countryside. This kind of behavior of Chao Ruiyou had a huge impact on Chao's insistence on becoming an official: first, the family's poverty made Chao's insistence on keeping his position; second, Chao's father's insistence was an example of Chao's actions.
Secondly, Chao Has always had the desire to revitalize the family in his heart. Chao Yuan, the ancestor of the Chao family who was born in cloth, through his own unremitting efforts, not only created the prosperity of the Chao family, but also was respected by the famous people in the society at that time. It was under his leadership that the Chao clan gradually moved towards glory, and during the period, the literati who passed the imperial examination and went to their careers did not know how many. However, after entering the Huizong period, with the death of a famous person in the family, the Chao clan was gradually declining.
After that, the defeat of Chao Shuzhi, Chao Shuzhi and others, who were originally very promising, made the development of the family even worse. In the face of the decline of the family, Chao Zhizhi has always been unwilling: the Chao clan has been in the government since Wenzhuang Gongzheng, xunye in the royal family, arrested for more than six hundred years, and Shi Yiwei seems to be weak. This unwillingness supports Chao's unwillingness to cut off the path of his career, causing the family to completely fall. However, contrary to his wishes, Chao, who had worked hard all his life, failed to lead the family to glory again.
Finally, the influence of ShiMen was also a big concern that prompted Chao Tonzhi to stay in the official field. When he was fifteen years old, Chao Supplement zhi expressed his admiration for Su Shi's articles in his own work "Re-su Gongshu": He did not live for fifteen years and knew how to read Your Excellency's book. In this article, Chao Expresses his infinite admiration for Su Shi and his desire to become a protégé of Su Shi.
Subsequently, Su Shi saw Chao's talent and agreed to his request. After entering Su Shi's men, Chao Supplement was greatly influenced by Su Shi in his political stance and behavior. And Su Shi's behavior of not giving up after being reprimanded and still serving the officials and the people was also deeply shocked by Chao's behavior. Therefore, even when Chao Shuzhi was belittled for Su Shi, he still chose to follow the path of his mentor.
It can only be said that Chao's poems of retreat are just his sighs after the frustration of the officialdom. As a talented man from a famous background and with great ambitions, how could Chao Makeshi go to the pastoral life without any worries? Therefore, knowing that his physical condition was not very good, only because he received a letter of appointment from the imperial court, Chao Shuzhi chose to give up enjoying the pastoral life and went to the official field again. Such a sharp contrast, can't it be proved that Chao Shouzhi is unwilling to return to hiding?