Fuping was called Pinyang in ancient times, taking the meaning of "Fushu Taiping" and getting its name, located in the north-central part of the Guanzhong Plain in Shaanxi Province. Fuping is the most populous county in Shaanxi. Fuping is a well-known "persimmon town", "dairy goat town", "China's sheep milk capital", "early and middle ripening apple town", "national advanced grain production county", but also the national ecological protection and construction demonstration area, modern agriculture demonstration area, town-level small city comprehensive reform pilot area and Shanshui Lintian Lake ecological restoration pilot area and other provincial reform pilot areas. Fuping is located in the east wing of Guantian Economic Zone, which belongs to the planning scope of the Greater Xi'an Economic Circle, and is one of the five sub-central cities under the construction of the Eastern Gate of Shaanxi Province, and is half an hour's drive from Xi'an, Xianyang and Weinan. There are 2 high-speed highways in Baomao and Beijing-Kunming, and 4 railways in Xiantong, Xiyan, Xihan and Meiqi pass through the border; the Fuping(Ping)Yan (Liang) connecting line runs through the north and south of the county, and with the construction of the Western Extension High-speed Railway and the West Korean Intercity Railway successively, Fuping will accelerate its integration into the Xi'an metropolitan area.
History of the county
At the end of the 7th century BC, the Zhou Dynasty declined, Xi Rong invaded the south, the King of Ping moved east, moved the capital to Luoyi, and assigned The Mountain of Qi (in the area of the former bank of Theayaotou in the southwest of the present-day county) to the jurisdiction of the Qin State. With the continuous expansion of the qin state's power, Qin Li set up the rule of Pinyang County south of Pinshan in the twenty-first year (456 BC) (the original site was in the area of the ancient city village of present-day Meiyuan Town). After Qin unified the whole country, it belonged to the internal history of Pinyang.
During the reign of Emperor Gao of the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC – 195 BC), Pinyang County belonged to Heshang County. In addition, Huaide County was set up in the southern part of the county (the original site was near the present-day Huaiyang City in Huazhu Township), and both counties belonged to the internal history. During the reign of Emperor Jing (156 BC – 141 BC), both counties belonged to the Left Inner History. During the reign of Emperor Wu (140 BC – 87 BC), two counties were assigned to Zuo Fu. During the Xinmang Period (9-23), the two counties belonged to the Lieutenant Doctor. During the Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220), Huaide County was incorporated into Pinyang County, which belonged to Zuo Fengyi. During the Three Kingdoms period (220-265), it belonged to Cao Wei, still called Pinyang County, and belonged to Zuo Fengyi. During the Western Jin Dynasty (265-316), from Pengyuanjie (southwest of present-day Qingyang, Gansu Province), Fuping County was ruled by the ancient city of Huaide, coexisting with Pinyang County. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317-420), Fuping was once ruled by Qin, and set up a Tumen guard army in The territory of Pinyang County (the former site is now Xuezhen Township Tumufang).
In the eighth year (447) of the Northern Wei Emperor Taiwu Taiping Zhenjun, he withdrew the Tumen guard army, merged his jurisdiction into Tongguan County (present-day Tongchuan City), and moved the Northern Prefecture Tonchuan (present-day Liudian Town) under The Northern Wei Dynasty to Tongchuan (present-day Liudian Town) in Niyang County; It also merged with Niyang County in Fuping County. In the first year (500) of Emperor Jingming of Xuanwu Emperor, he abolished the original Pingyang County and divided it into a part of Tongguan County, and established Tumen County (present-day XueZhen), which was subordinate to Beidi County.
In the fifth year of the reign of Emperor Wen of Western Wei (539), the administration of Fuping County was moved from the former site of Huaide to the north bank of the Ishikawa River (around the area of present-day Chengguan Township Gucheng Village). In the third year of the reign of Emperor Fuping (554), Fuping County belonged to Yi Prefecture (present-day Yao County). In the first year of the Northern Zhou Dynasty (557), In the original Zhonghua Commandery (Zhonghua Commandery) (in the area of present-day Shifoyuan in Chengguan Township), Fuping County was placed under the jurisdiction of the county. In the fourth year of Emperor Wu's reign (575), Zhonghua County was abolished, and Fuping County was changed to Zuo Fengyi.
In the third year of Emperor Wen of Sui's reign (583), Fuping County was changed to Jingzhao County. In the second year of Emperor Zhao's reign (606), Tumen County was merged into Huayuan County (present-day Yao County), which belonged to Jingzhao County. In the second year of Emperor Gong's reign (618), he also carved out the jurisdiction of the original Tumen County from Huayuan County, restored the establishment of Tumen County, and belonged to Yijun County. In the first year (618) of Tang Gaozu Wude, Fuping Road was set up, which was under the jurisdiction of The Horse Rider; Soon, fuping province was changed to Xuanwu Army. In the seventeenth year of Emperor Taizong's reign (643), Tumen County. In the second year of Emperor Gaozong's reign (671), he divided the boundaries of Fuping and Huayuan counties, and established Meiyuan County at the former site of Tumen County. In the first year of Wu Zetian's reign (690), Mihara County was subordinate to Yizhou. In the first year of Dazu (701), Mihara County was changed to Yongzhou. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong (712-741), Fuping County was ruled by Yiting City (around present-day Jiuxian Village, Huazhu Township), which belonged to Jingzhao Province. In the fourth year of Emperor Dezong's reign (788), Fuping County was designated as Chi County (according to the name of Chi County, the tang Dynasty was divided into counties, etc., and among the various classes were Chi County, which was directly governed by the capital), and Xuansheng County was a prefecture. In the second year of Emperor Tianyou (905), Mihara County was demarcated and Dingzhou was established, which was subordinate to Yaozhou (different levels of the two prefectures).
Five generations later, Hou liang restored Mihara County, which still belonged to Yaozhou. In the first year of the last emperor Zhenming (915), DingZhou was changed to Yu Prefecture (裕州), which was subordinate to Chongzhou. Later, Tang Fu changed Fuping County to Yaozhou, and Meiyuan County initially belonged to Tongzhou and then to Yaozhou. Up to the Later Jin, Later Han, and Later Zhou dynasties, there was no change.
In the third year of the Northern Song Dynasty (1088), the two counties of Fuping and Mihara belonged to Yaozhou, Jingzhao Province, Yongxing Road.
In the ninth year of Emperor Taizong of Jin's reign (1131), after the "Battle of Fuping" between the Song and Jin armies, the Jin people gave Qi to Fuping and Meiyuan counties (the Jin people made Liu Yu emperor of Qi and built the capital daimyō). In the first year of Emperor Xizong's reign (1138), the two counties were returned to the Song Dynasty. In the third year of Tianju (1140), the Song Dynasty was reinstated into the gold. In the second year of the imperial unification (1142), Fuping County was withdrawn, and its territory was merged into Mihara County, which was subordinate to Yaozhou.
After the Mongol army moved south, it restored the Fuping County system, which belonged to Yaozhou along with Mihara. In the first year of the First Era (1264), Mihara Prefecture was merged into Bupyeong Prefecture. At this point, there is no longer a situation in Fuping County where the two counties coexist.
At the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1370), the administration of Fuping County was moved from Yiting City to YaoqiaoZhai (now the old county seat), which belonged to Xi'an Province. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Li Zicheng established the Great Shun State in Xi'an, and the county government still set up kiln bridge villages.
In the Qing Dynasty, Fuping County belonged to Xi'an Province.
At the beginning of the Republic of China, the prefectural hall system was abolished, and Fuping belonged to Guanzhong Province, Shaanxi Province. In the 23rd year of the Republic of China (1934), it belonged to the Tenth Administrative Supervision District of Shaanxi Province (the special office was located in Xianyang). In the 37th year of the Republic of China (1948), it was changed to the Third Administrative Supervision District (the special office was located in Yao County).
On May 4, 1949, Bupyeong was liberated. After the establishment of the county people's government, it belonged to the Three Original Sub-districts. After its reorganization in May 1950, it belonged to Xianyang Special District. In January 1953, it was renamed the Weinan District Commissioner's Office (renamed the Weinan Commissioner's Office in July 1955). In October 1956, the Weinan Commissioner's Office was abolished, and Fuping County was directly under the jurisdiction of the Shaanxi Provincial People's Committee. In December 1958, Bupyeong County was merged into Tongchuan City. In August 1961, it was separated from Tongchuan City, and the Fuping County system was restored to the Weinan Commissioner's Office. After 1969, it belongs to the Weinan region to the present. On May 13, 1970, the county government of Fuping was moved from the old town to the northern end of Renmin Road in the new urban area (Dou village).
Administrative divisions
First, the Ming and Qing dynasties
According to wanli's "Chronicle of Fuping County", in the third year of Ming Hongwu (1370), the county was divided into four townships of Yongrun, Zhaofu, Pinggao and Pinyang, with jurisdiction over 44 li. Subsequently, taiping, jinding, renhe, and zhonghou 4 li were merged into it and reorganized into 40 li. It also built 5 forts (i.e., Meiyuan, Zhixian, Zhuangli, Zhangqiao, Liuqu), set up 8 major towns (i.e., Chengkuo, Liuqu, Meiyuan, Xuejia, Zhixian, Zhuangzi, Zhangqiao, Zhuangli), and 16 towns (namely: Flood, Hot Spring, Mizi, Wangliao, Xiwei, Xiaohui, Zhangbei, Tongguan, Leicun, Qicun, Liuji, Huayang, Helanguan, Shijiapo, Tancun, and Xianxi), all of which were under the administration of Li. There are 344 village forts in the county, 5130 households, and 65235 people.
At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, the Mingxiang system was still followed, but the number of villages increased. According to Qianlong's "Chronicle of Fuping County", at the beginning of Qianlong, the 1087 village forts in Zhixian Qiao Luxin were divided into 85 unions, and the number of villages in Qianlong increased to 99 in the forty-third year (1778). During the Guangxu period (1875-1908), it was expanded to 105 unions, and the number of village forts increased to 1125, with a total of 20,143 households and 90,074 indigenous people. The union and the village fort belong to the five townships in the city and the east, west, south, north and northeast according to the orientation. City: (1) Lingcheng, Nanguan, Dunlu fort, South Gate Under, Xiaotuanzhuang 5 village forts. Dongxiang: (22 links) 1 link: Lingdongping Fort, Jiaodong Fort, Jiaozhong Fort, Jiaoxi Fort 4 village fort. Erlian: Lingyuan Village Fort, Nanxin Fort, Taiping Fort, Fanjiabao, Zhongyi Fort, Mengjiabao, Longpan Fort, Ningfeng Fort, Yongqing Fort, Shichang Fort, Ruilong Fort, Guyu Fort, Sanquan Fort, Guilin Fort, Yangliu Fort, Liujia fort, Sunjiagou 17 village forts. Sanlian: Lingjin Tangzhai, Xingrenbao, Longcun, Pingguan Village 4 village forts. Another triptych: 7 village forts of Zhaojiawan, Yongtaibao, Jintangbao, Anguobao, Longguangbao, Yonggubao and Xinzhuangbao.
Second, the division of the Republic of China
In the early days of the Republic of China, Fuping still used the establishment of the Qing Dynasty League as a grass-roots political organization, and followed the Ming Dynasty system. Only 105 associations were expanded to 108 associations, and 5 townships were changed to 5 districts, and the districts set up offices. Near the county seat is a district, and the district office is located in the county seat; Dongnan Township is the second district, and the district office resides in the ancient town; Northeast Township is the third district, and the district office is located in Meiyuan Town; Between the two districts and the two districts are four districts, and the district office is stationed in Liuqu Town; Northwest Township is the fifth district, and the district office is located in Zhuangli Town. After the outbreak of the Xinhai Revolution, the landlords and gentry set up regiments to protect themselves, so they formed a situation in which the league and the regiment coexisted. Later, the regiment was gradually united, and the whole county was organized into 108 regiments, each with a special name, such as Ruoyi, Long Jun, Fengming, Anshan, Wenbin, Wensheng, Zhonghe, and Taihe. There are also several regiments united as a general regiment, such as the East Fourth Regiment, the Seventh Regiment of Characters, the Third Regiment of Hezi Regiment, the Eighth Regiment of the North, the Sixth Regiment of Shengzi, etc., and the jurisdiction of each regiment is the same as that of the League.
Fuping County is located in the southwest and far away in the northeast, making it difficult to govern. Therefore, in the Ming Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty, and the beginning of the Republic of China, there were sub-counties in Meiyuan Town, and the commission officials Zuo (Ming and Qing were called counties, and the Republic of China was called County) governed the northeast region. This system was abolished around the 19th year of the Republic of China (1930).
In the 22nd year of the Republic of China (1933), in order to strengthen its rule and consolidate local power, the Kuomintang government began to organize the armor protection, which was completed in this year. The group of 10 households is 1 A, 10 A is 1 insurance, and 10 insurance is 1 joint guarantee. However, the village is dense, the number of households is small, and the joint insurance, insurance, and A are all big and small, which are not the same. At that time, the county was organized into 24 joint guarantees, 243 guarantees, and 2883 A, with the towns of Renzhi, Lihua, Zhihe, and Xinyi; There are Renhe, Renrui, Renli, Rensheng, Renji, Yihe, Yizheng, Yiming, Yixing, Lixin, Lishang, Lijian, Liqin, Zhixin, Zhiyu, Zhisheng, Zhiyong, Xinxin, Xinhua, Xinli and other townships.
From the 29th to the 30th year of the Republic of China (1940-1941), the Kuomintang government implemented the new construction system, expanded the scope of township and security groups, adjusted the original joint guarantee in the county to 13 townships, 98 guarantees, and 2158 A, and changed the joint guarantee office to a township office until liberation.
Third, after the founding of New China, regional divisions
On May 4, 1949, Bupyeong County was completely liberated. The establishment of the county people's government, that is, on the basis of receiving the former Kuomintang government townships and bao, initially divided the county's political districts into 13 districts, 96 townships, and two cities.
In late April 1950, after the democratic establishment of the government, the administrative districts below the county level were readjusted. And Dongguan District into Liugu, Tancun District into Chengguan, Mizi District into Zhuangli; The city of Nanguan and Zhuangli was renamed as a street. The number of townships under the jurisdiction of each district has also changed, the districts are named after the ordinal number, the townships are named after the location, and the whole county is divided into 10 districts, and the district government is changed to the district office, with 97 townships and two streets.
After May 1952, the districts and townships made partial adjustments, and the Tingzi Township of the sixth district was divided into one district; The two townships of Shiqiao and Shuichi were divided into the second district; Shiyang Township in the fifth district is divided into three districts, and the rest of the districts are not moved. The seat of the district office has not been moved except for the three districts that were moved from Dong shangguan to the ancient town.
In October 1955, the People's Government of Fuping County was renamed the People's Committee of Fuping County.
In April 1956, the agricultural co-operative movement was at its climax. In order to facilitate leadership, the county-affiliated political districts have been greatly adjusted, and the original 10 districts have been downsized to 4 districts, 99 townships (streets) to 26 townships and 4 townships (towns) directly under the county.
In September 1958, the people's commune began. Subsequently, the administrative regions of the whole country were adjusted, and in December 1958, Fuping County was abolished and merged into Tongchuan City. All districts and townships in the original county were abolished, and 5 new people's communes were built in the county, with 36 administrative districts under it.
In the late 1959 period, Fuhua City Commune was added under The People's Commune of Fuping and Changchun City Commune under the Zhuangli People's Commune. The communes of these two cities were abolished in December of the same year after the restoration of the Bupyeong county system in August 1961. At the same time, the original 5 people's communes and districts under their jurisdiction were abolished and reorganized into 5 districts, 25 communes and 1 subdistrict office.
In 1962, the original 25 communes were partially adjusted, and the Lianhu Commune was changed to Chengguan Commune and Huaiyang Commune to Huazhu Commune. In July, five communes were added: Flood, Nanshe, Zhao Laoyu, Xiaohui and Leigufang.
At the end of 1964, the Nanguan Subdistrict Office was abolished, and its business was transferred to the management of Chengguan Town.
At the beginning of 1965, Chengguan District was abolished and Chengguan Town was established.
On August 12, 1968, the People's Committee of Bupyeong County was renamed the County Revolutionary Committee. In the same year, the communes (towns) were also renamed Revolutionary Committees. At the same time, the names of some communes have changed. Liu Ji changed to Dongfang Hong, LiuGu to Xinhua, Shi Jia to Lixin, Wang Liao to Xiangyang, Dong shangguan to Dongfeng, Lei Gufang to Advance, Mizi to Bayi, Baimiao to Hongqi, Palace to Red Guard, Old Temple to Xinfeng, Huayang to Upstream, Zhixian to Shengli, Tancun to Yuejin, and Chengguan Town to July 1st. After April 1971, the 14 renamed communes reverted to their original names.
In 1980, with the approval of the People's Government of Shaanxi Province, the People's Government of Zhuangli Town was established.
In January 1981, through democratic elections, the county people's government was established, and the administrative division of the county was divided into 32 communes (towns), 329 brigades, and 2064 production teams.
In June 1984, in accordance with the spirit of reform of the separation of government and society, and with the approval of the People's Government of Shaanxi Province, Fuping County changed the original 32 communes (towns) into 27 townships and 5 towns, and the townships and towns set up people's governments; The original production brigade was changed into 333 villagers' committees (including 3 street committees), and the original 2064 production teams were adjusted to 2101 agricultural production cooperatives. At the same time, there are 4 residents' committees in Ducun and Zhuangli towns. The administrative divisions of townships and towns have been slightly adjusted, and the three agricultural production cooperatives of the Yuanling Villagers' Committee of Zhuangli Township and the 4 agricultural production cooperatives of the Yong'an Villagers' Committee of Qicun Township have been transferred to the jurisdiction of Zhuangli Town; The three agricultural production cooperatives of the South Korean Villagers' Committee of Dongguan Township and the five agricultural production cooperatives of the Donghua Villagers' Committee of Chengguan Township were transferred to the jurisdiction of Doucun Township. The names of the townships and towns in the county have not changed, except for Huayang Commune, which was renamed Zhangqiao Town, and Chengguan Town, which was renamed Doucun Town.
In April 1985, with the approval of the Standing Committee of the Fuping County CPC Committee, the Doucun Town Subdistrict Office was added, with a staff of 7 people, which belonged to a public institution.
By the end of 1989, there were 1641 village forts (natural towns) in the county, which belonged to the management of 32 townships.
In 1990, the county set up 5 towns of Dou Village, Zhuangli, Zhangqiao, Meiyuan, Liuqu and 27 townships of Zhao Laoyu, Yuling, Didian, Xuezhen, Laomiao, Leigufang, Leicun, Baimiao, XiaohuiCun, Caocun, Zhixian, Gongli, Changchun, Honghong, Qicun, Zhuangli, Mizi, Nanshe, Tancun, Huazhu, Chengguan, Shijia, Wangliao, Liugu and Liuji, 333 administrative villages and 5 neighborhood committees.
In 1995, Bupyeong County covered an area of 1,223 square kilometers and had a population of 740,000. It administers 5 towns and 27 townships: Doucun Town, Zhangqiao Town, Liuqu Town, Zhuangli Town, Meiyuan Town, Chengguan Township, Nandu Township, Tancun Township, Lücun Township, Dongshangshang Township, Huazhu Township, Wangliao Township, Zhixian Township, Gongli Township, Liuji Township, Liugu Township, Shi Township, XiaohuiCun Township, Caocun Township, Leicun Township, Changchun Township, Zhuangli Township, Mizi Township, Qicun Township, Lei Gufang Township, Baimiao Township, Flood Township, Didian Township, Zhao Laoyu Township, Xuezhen Township, Yuling Township, and Laomiao Township. The county government is located in Doucun Town.
In 1996, Xuezhen Township was changed to Xuezhen Township, Laomiao Township was changed to Laomiao Township, and Honghun Township was changed to Meijiaping Township. In 1997, Gongli Township was changed to Gongli Township, Tancun Township was changed to Tancun Township, Wangliao Township was changed to Wangliao Township, and Caocun Township was changed to Caocun Township. In 1999, Toxian Township was changed to Xiangxian Town, and Liugu Township was changed to Liugu Town. After the adjustment, Fuping County has jurisdiction over 14 towns and 18 townships.
In 2001, Chengguan Township and Lücun Township were abolished and merged into Doucun Township, Changchun Township and Zhuangli Township were abolished and merged into Zhuangli Township, Lei Gufang Township was abolished and merged into Meiyuan Township, Zhao Laoyu Township was abolished and merged into Xuezhen Township, Leicun Township was abolished and merged into Gongli Town, and Liuji Township and Shi Hometown were abolished to establish Liuji Town. After the adjustment of the zoning, Fuping County has jurisdiction over 15 towns and 9 townships: Doucun Town, Zhuangli Town, Zhangqiao Town, Meiyuan Town, Liuqu Town, Tancun Town, Wangliao Town, Liugu Town, Laomiao Town, Xuezhen Town, Zhixian Town, Caocun Town, Gongli Town, Meijiaping Town, Liuji Town, Nanshe Town, Huazhu Township, Dongguanguan Township, Yuling Township, Didian Township, Xiaohui Township, Baimiao Township, Qicun Township, and Mizi Township. (337 administrative villages)
In 2009, Qicun Township was abolished and Qicun (Temple) Town was established.
In 2011, Yuling Township was abolished and merged into Laomiao Town, Nanshe Township was abolished and merged into Tancun Town, Didian Township was abolished and merged into Xuezhen Town, Baimiao Township was abolished and merged into Caocun Town, Mizi Township was abolished and merged into Zhuangli Town, Huazhu Township, Dongshangshang Township and Doucun Township were abolished to form Chengguan Town, and Xiaohui Township was abolished to establish Xiaohui Township. After the adjustment, Fuping County has jurisdiction over 17 towns: Zhuangli Town, Zhangqiao Town, Meiyuan Town, Liuqu Town, Tancun Town, Wangliao Town, Liugu Town, Laomiao Town, Xue Town, Zhixian Town, Caocun Town, Gongli Town, Meijiaping Town, Liuji Town, Qicun Town, Xiaohui Town, and Chengguan Town.
In 2015, Chengguan Town was abolished and Chengguan Subdistrict was established; Xiaohui Town was abolished and merged into XianZhen; Wangliao Town was abolished and merged into Liuqu Town. After the adjustment, Fuping County has jurisdiction over 1 subdistrict and 14 towns: Chengguan Subdistrict, Zhuangli Town, Zhangqiao Town, Meiyuan Town, Liuqu Town, Tancun Town, Liugu Town, Laomiao Town, Xue Town, Zhixian Town, Caocun Town, Gongli Town, Meijiaping Town, Liuji Town, and Qicun Town.
As of 2020, Fuping County has 14 towns, 2 subdistrict offices, and 268 administrative villages.
