"Eyebrows: Crescent Moon"
Wang Yisun (Song Dynasty)
Gradually new traces hang willows, pastels wear flowers, and break the first dawn according to the covenant. There is reunion, deep worship, and meet who is in the incense path. The thrush is unstable, and Su'e and Yu are still hated. The most beloved, a small silver hook, treasure curtain hanging autumn cold.
Eons of time asked. Sigh slowly grinding the jade axe, it is difficult to replenish the golden mirror. The pool of tailiu is still there, and the desolate place and who re-gives the clear scenery. The night of the old mountain is eternal. Try to treat him and pry. Look at the mountains and rivers outside the clouds, and still be old and the osmanthus flowers are shadowed.
Wang Yisun, date of birth and death unknown, lived in the late Song and early Yuan dynasties, the character Shenghe, Bishan, also known as Zhongxian, Huiji (present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province) people. After the death of the Song Dynasty, Zeng Shiyuan studied for Qingyuan Lu. The lyrics are mournful and mean deep.
The first three sentences, led by the word "gradually", write the scene of the beginning of the new moon:
Gradually new traces hang willows, light colors wear flowers, according to the first eye.
"New marks" describe the beginning of the lunar month when the new moon has just emerged, subtle. This refers to the new moon at the beginning of July. "Pastel", like a plain color, describes the moon color as white and beautiful. "According to the covenant", as if. "First sight", the beginning of the night. These three sentences write a bend of the crescent moon to appear in the sky, gradually rising, hanging on the willow branches, its elegant light through the flowers, reflecting the earth, as if breaking through the night sky just set. At this moment, although the crescent moon is like a hook and has not yet been reunited, the girls have begun to worship the moon:
There will be reunion, deep worship, meet who is in the incense path?
Niu Xiji once wrote in the words of "Sheng Chazi" that "the crescent moon song is like an eyebrow, and there is no reunion intention." "Here's the opposite. Originally, ancient girls had the custom of praying to the moon on the seventh day of July, but now it is only the beginning of July, and they feel that the moon has the meaning of reunion, so they can't wait to worship the moon.
Li Duan's poem "Worship the New Moon" wrote, "When you open the curtain to see the new moon, you will worship at the next step", which reveals this eager mood and interesting scenes. It seems that the earlier moon worship can be earlier. They worship the moon so innocently and religiously that the poet uses the word "deep" to dot it, vividly depicting the figure of the young girl worshipping the moon. For them, the moon begging is mysterious, often carried out quietly, for fear of being seen by others. However, it is not a coincidence that "who is in the incense path when you meet?" In the depths of the flowers, on the path of the fragrant garden, I unexpectedly met people. Who is it? And what are you doing? The poet does not reveal it, does not give an account. But the reader naturally understands that it must be another young girl who preemptively went to this secret place to worship the moon and beg for luck. The penmanship is subtle and subtle.
These three sentences seem to be a unique interlude that makes the new moon night more poetic. Among them, there seems to be another deep meaning of the poet. Those young girls only knew that they were begging for the crescent moon, and their hearts were simple, as if they did not understand the affairs of the world, and did not know the pain of the fall of their homeland. This is in sharp contrast to the new moon and hurting state affairs written in the next film. Therefore, Tan Xian said, "There are three sentences, which means self-profundity. Next, put away the pen and ink, and then write the crescent moon:
The thrush is unstable, and Su'e and Yu are still hated.
The first four words are a very figurative metaphor, saying that the crescent moon is slender and curved, as if it were a moth eyebrow of a beautiful person who is not well drawn. Bao Zhao's "Playing in the Moon City Ximen Temple" once said that the crescent moon was "juanjuan like a moth's eyebrow", and the writing was static. Wang Yisun used the word "painting" to write out the dynamics, and then used the word "unstable" to point out the action of thrushing eyebrows has not yet ended, echoing the first sentence of "gradually new traces", indicating that the crescent moon has just vomited, is gradually being born, with a delicate pen, quite seen to study kung fu.
The second sentence is to imagine the shape of the crescent moon and turn out a new layer. The poet guessed that the new moon was not round, and it was probably the fairy Chang'e in the middle of the moon who was expressing her parting hatred and sorrow. "Su'e" means "Chang'e", Xie Zhuang's "Moon Endowment" once had the sentence "Set Su'e in the backyard", Li Shangyin's "Frost Moon" poem Yiyun, "The young girl Su'e is resistant to cold, and the frost in the middle of the month dou Chan Juan." It can be seen that chang'e has had the name of Su'e since the Six Dynasties, which is a beautiful association generated by the moonlight. But sometimes Su'e does not only refer to Chang'e, as recorded in the "Dragon City Record", Tang Ming Emperor and Daoist Hongdu guests traveled to the Moon Palace together on the mid-autumn night, and saw more than ten people of Su'e, all dressed in white luan, dancing and laughing under the big laurel tree, and listening to the music Qingli, after returning, they made music into music and produced "Neon Dress Feather Song". This story is also found in Wang Zhao's "Biji Manzhi", which is slightly different, but the Su'e mentioned refers to the fairies in the middle of the moon.
The most beloved, a small silver hook, treasure curtain hanging autumn cold.
After some reverie, the poet turned to the love of the new moon and wrote infinite humor with a pen full of clear thoughts. He first used a "most" word, then wrote the word "kan ai", and spit out his love for the new moon. Then he used the word "silver hook" to write about the beauty of its light and color and the beauty of its shape, which is a very appropriate metaphor. For the crescent moon, some are compared to hooks, jade hooks, and gold hooks, which are not as vivid as silver hooks. What is particularly ingenious is that the poet imagines a crescent moon as a silver-white curtain hook, hooked with exquisite curtains, its quiet light color makes people feel the coolness of autumn.
Above fifty years, writing away from hatred, autumn cold, the pen dark turn, to change the first sentence, a new meaning, the context of the words from quiet to desolate. Therefore, Chen Tingzhuo's "Words and Sayings of Bai Yu Zhai" said, "The sentence "Ancient and Ancient" suddenly skimmed off the meaning of the first half" and said that it "has the wonder of a dragon leaping and a tiger leaping". In front of his passage, he talks about the rules, and the back of his words is the brushwork.
Through the ages, the jade axe is sharpened, and it is difficult to replenish the golden mirror.
The beginning of the word is mentioned with the word "ancient", which is very imposing. For example, Xin Renjie's "Yong Yu Le" begins with the sentence "Ancient Rivers and Mountains", which is a typical example. Here at the beginning of the pen, I wrote down the four words of "profit and loss of eternity", including the movement and change of the moon since ancient times, creating a strange alarm, and the pen is vigorous. This is completely different from the brush strokes in the previous film. After writing "the profit and loss of eternity", it seems that it should be written in accordance with it, but the poet suddenly uses the word "Hugh Question" to stop it, and he has a feeling that it is difficult to say. Originally, the change of the moon's circle is an ordinary natural phenomenon, but the amorous poet often thinks of the joys and sorrows of life.
The most famous example is Su Shi's "Water Tune Song Head": "People have sorrows and joys, and the moon has clouds and sunshine. The moon can be lost and reunited, and life has both the sorrow of being different and the joy of getting together, so Su Shi said with a broad attitude: "This matter is difficult to complete in ancient times." What he was looking forward to was: "I hope that people will be long-lasting, and thousands of miles will be cherished together."
However, Wang Yisun's association was different. He was thinking of the shattering of mountains and rivers and the mutilation of the land. Therefore, looking at the lack of the moon from afar is not like those young girls begging for the moon to preemptively worship the moon, "there will be reunion intentions", nor will they look at the lack of moon as widely as Su Shi, hoping to be reunited with their beloved brothers. He felt that the Central Plains had been lost for more than a hundred years, and it would be difficult to restore the integrity of the country. Therefore, although the moon is "the profit and loss of the ages", reunion sometimes, but the lack of moon in front of the eyes has a sense of difficulty, so the word "Hugh Question" was spit out.
Two or three sentences, led by the word "sigh", are mixed into the legend of the jade axe to cultivate the moon, and the meaning is further punched into the layer. The story of Xiu Yue is found in Duan Chengshi's "Youyang Miscellaneous Tricks" (酉阳杂俎). "Taihe Zhong, Zheng Renben's cousin, does not remember his name, and often travels to Song Mountain with a king surnamed Xiucai,.... Seeing a man whose cloth is very white, and whose pillow is a pile, and who is well-sleeping, that is, he is called ,... Ask what it's about. His people laughed and said, "JunzhiYue is a combination of the Seven Treasures?" The moon is like a pill, and its shadow sun shines its convexity. There are often 82,000 households that cultivate it, and give it is a number. 'Because of the trouble, there are several things that have been chiseled. Later, this story was often seen in poems, Wang Anshi's "Inscription Fan" poem Yun, "The jade axe is cultivated into a full moon, and there are still female luans on the side of the moon." Zeng cut the word cloud of "The Heavenly Slow in the Kettle": "He Laoyu Axe, Jin Ou Gu is flawless." Xin Zhiyi's "Man Jiang Hong" also wrote: "Whoever makes curling cools the world, the most pitiful jade axe cultivation season."
The poet Fang Hui used the cloud instead of his intention: "The jade axe is difficult to repair the old moon wheel." Wang Yisun and Fang Hui were both people of the late Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, and what they said was the meaning of the lack of moon and difficult to repair, probably with the psychology of the homeland being difficult to recover. Since it is difficult to repair without a month, it is difficult to use even if there is a jade axe, what else to grind it for? Therefore, the word "谩磨" was used. The word "sigh" in the front highlights the sadness of grinding the jade axe in vain.
Then it is logical to continue the third sentence: "It is difficult to make up the golden mirror." The moon is called the "golden mirror", which refers to the full moon. Li He's "Tanabata" poem Yun; "The golden mirror in the heavens, the jade hook on the earth." From the point of view of the meaning of the word, "golden mirror" alludes to the integrity of the country, that is, the meaning of the golden urn. Then the "jade axe" is not indispensable as a strategy to save the country. In general, these three sentences are from the lack of the moon to think of the national destruction, by the golden mirror is difficult to make up for the mountains and rivers are difficult to recover, the pen is heavy, sad and gloomy, reflecting the helpless sadness of ordinary intellectuals on the eve of the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty.
Next, still around the new moon to make associations, point out the northern Song Dynasty events, compare the present and the past, and write two sentences:
The pool of liquid is still there, in the desolate place, who re-gives the scenery?
"Tailiu Pond", the name of the Han Dynasty Palace Garden Pool, was built in Chang'an to the north of the Zhanggong. This refers to the Northern Song Dynasty Palace Garden Pond Swamp. Chen Shidao's "Poetry of Houshan" contains: Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin "Night lucky Hou Chi, the crescent moon to put wine, to dangzhi bachelor for whom, day: 'Lu Doxun'. Summoning the messenger to write a poem, please rhyme, day: 'some children'. His poem: "When I look at the moon by the pool of tailiu, the good wind blows the branches of the ten thousand years." Whose jade box opened a new mirror, revealing a clear light. ”
Zhao Kuangyin was the founding emperor of the Song Dynasty, and at that time, when the country was prosperous, the monarchs feasted and wrote poems under the moon. Now at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, although the crescent moon is as old as ever, "the pool of tailiu is still there", but it has been based on foreign nationalities, it should also be a desolate place, who can give poetry to praise its cold scenery like Lu Doxun? This is not only a mourning for the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty, but also a lament for the decadence of the Southern Song Dynasty. At this time, the poet's feelings are not calm, the sorrow is infinite, and it is difficult to tell. In the midst of a few desperate desires, he still hoped:
Therefore, the mountain night is eternal, try to treat him, and the peep is correct.
"Old Mountain", that is, the old mountain, refers to the rivers and mountains of the northern homeland. "Night forever", meaning long night. "He" refers to the moon. "Peeping", that is, the moon shines into the portal. "Upright" refers to a full moon with a neat shape. Han Yu's "Twenty Rhymes with the Moon of The People of Choi Sheren": "Three autumns and the first moon, tonight out of dongming." These two sentences literally wait for the full moon, but in fact hope that the broken country can restore its integrity and reunification in the same way that it lacks a full moon.
From the "difficult to replenish the golden mirror" written earlier to the "voyeuristic upright" here, the middle of the waves is undulating, and it is only after several rounds that it is twisted and turned out. It is clear that the golden mirror is difficult to make up, and there is no hope of restoring the country, or it is fantasizing about the peeping and correcting, reorganizing the mountains and rivers, expressing the nostalgia and expectation for the Southern Song Dynasty. The poet also realized that this hope was slim, so he used the word "try". However, the Southern Song Dynasty in front of us is so weak, I am afraid that it can only be empty talk about recovery, waste years, and a layer of shadow is cast on the heart. So I took the word "look" and wrote the last two sentences:
Look at the mountains and rivers outside the clouds, and still be old and the osmanthus flowers are shadowed.
"Mountains and rivers outside the clouds", mountains and rivers in the far distance, refers to the northern territory that has fallen into the hands of the enemy. Lu You's "Taoyuan Remembers the Old Man": "Qianyu of Huashan Mountain outside the clouds, no one asks according to the return", which refers to the same. "Osmanthus shadow", that is, the myth of the shadow of the laurel tree in the moon. This is synonymous with the mountains and rivers outside the clouds. According to legend, the shadow of the moon is the shadow of the earth's mountains and rivers. Su Shi's "And Huang Xiucai Jian Kongge" Yun, "Gui Rong is like a water jian, write this mountain and river shadow", Wang Shipeng notes "Youyang Miscellaneous Tricks" day; "The Buddha said, everything in the middle of the moon is the shadow of the earth's mountains and rivers." Here it is said that the osmanthus shadow is "old", which is borrowed from the old age of the guiying in the moon to metaphorically describe the long time of the central plains.
Such an ending, the writing is simple and profound, the disappointment contains longing, and the mood is sad and miserable. Therefore, Chen Tingzhuo has a comment of "a piece of hot sausage, endless sorrow". As for Zhang Huiyan's statement that "there is a worry about the monarchy, this is the desire of the king to recover, and there is no meritocracy", the first sentence is correct, and the last two sentences are probably speculative. Some people believe that Wang Yisun once did a study in the Yuan Dynasty, and the late festival did not end. In fact, doing the right thing is not enough to prove that he has no national integrity.
In 1278 AD, the Yuan monks excavated and destroyed the six tombs of the Song Emperor in Shaoxing, arousing the righteous indignation of the righteous people, and Wang Yisun made a complaint. It can be seen that after he entered the Yuan, he was still emotionally inclined to the Southern Song Dynasty, and many words and works were full of the pain of the fall of his homeland. Moreover, this poem was composed before the death of the Song Dynasty, of course, it cannot be disparaged by the fact that entering the Yuan is a matter of learning. In general, the whole word will appreciate the moon, watch the moon, because the moon feeling nostalgia as a clue, the thoughts of the monarchy, all borrowed from the moon to write, entrusting the object, intriguing.
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