目錄

• 一站式微服務架構SpringCloud-Netflix網關路由Zuul
• • 項目中使用Zuul
  • 自定義路由規則
  • 禁用服務名通路項目和添加項目字首
  • 過濾器
  • • 自定義過濾器
    • 禁用過濾器
    • 網關異常處理
  • zuul的熔斷降級

一站式微服務架構SpringCloud-Netflix網關路由Zuul

項目中使用Zuul

建立zuul項目

添加依賴

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
        </dependency>
           

配置檔案

server.port=90

spring.application.name=springcloud-zuul
#每2秒向服務端發送一次心跳，證明自己存活
eureka.instance.lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds=2
#告訴服務端，10秒之内沒有發送心跳，就代表故障了
eureka.instance.lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds=10
#以IP作為連結
eureka.instance.prefer-ip-address=true
#執行個體名稱
eureka.instance.instance-id=springcloud-zuul
#Eureka連結位址
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://47.110.157.82:8761/eureka,http://47.110.157.82:8762/eureka,http://47.110.157.82:8763/eureka
#設定zuul逾時時間        
zuul.host.connect-timeout-millis=5000
           

啟動類添加@EnableZuulProxy

@EnableZuulProxy
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringcloudDomeZuulApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
       SpringApplication.run(SpringcloudDomeZuulApplication.class, args);
    }
}
           

測試:

通過Eureka的spring.application.name通路項目

自定義路由規則

配置檔案中添加

#路由規則，producer是自己随便定義的
zuul.routes.producer.service-id=springcloud-producer
#？：比對多個字元。*:比對單層路徑。 **：比對：多層路徑，/producer/**自己随便定義
zuul.routes.producer.path=/producer/**

           

測試：

将springcloud-producer替換成producer

禁用服務名通路項目和添加項目字首

#忽略服務，禁止使用該服務名通路
#zuul.ignored-services=springcloud-producer
#忽略所有服務
zuul.ignored-services=*
#路徑中存在save不能通路
zuul.ignored-patterns=/**/save/**
#添加字首
zuul.prefix=/api

           

測試：

服務名無法通路

過濾器

自定義過濾器

@Component
public class MyFilter extends ZuulFilter {

    /**
     * 過濾器類型
     * ERROR_TYPE = "error"; 過濾出錯
     * POST_TYPE = "post"; 過濾後
     * PRE_TYPE = "pre";   過濾前
     * ROUTE_TYPE = "route"; 過濾時
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public String filterType() {
        return FilterConstants.ROUTE_TYPE;
    }

    /**
     * 過濾器優先級
     *  DEBUG_FILTER_ORDER = 1;
     *  FORM_BODY_WRAPPER_FILTER_ORDER = -1;
     *  PRE_DECORATION_FILTER_ORDER = 5;
     *  RIBBON_ROUTING_FILTER_ORDER = 10;
     *  SEND_ERROR_FILTER_ORDER = 0;
     *  SEND_FORWARD_FILTER_ORDER = 500;
     *  SEND_RESPONSE_FILTER_ORDER = 1000;
     *  SIMPLE_HOST_ROUTING_FILTER_ORDER = 100;
     *  SERVLET_30_WRAPPER_FILTER_ORDER = -2;
     *  SERVLET_DETECTION_FILTER_ORDER = -3;
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public int filterOrder() {
        return FilterConstants.SEND_ERROR_FILTER_ORDER;
    }


    /**
     * 是否開啟過濾器
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public boolean shouldFilter() {
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 執行方法
     * @return
     * @throws ZuulException
     */
    @Override
    public Object run() throws ZuulException {
        HttpServletRequest request = RequestContext.getCurrentContext().getRequest();
        String serverName = request.getServerName();
        System.out.println("通路位址"+serverName+request.getRequestURI());
        return null; //傳回值無意義
    }
}
           

測試

通路路由URL：http://localhost:90/api/producer/get

禁用過濾器

配置檔案添加

#禁用過濾器。Myfilter過濾器類，route過濾器類型
zuul.Myfilter.route.disable=true
           

網關異常處理

關閉zuul自帶異常處理

自定義異常處理類

@Component
public class ErrorFilter extends ZuulFilter {
    @Override
    public String filterType() {
        return FilterConstants.ERROR_TYPE;
    }

    @Override
    public int filterOrder() {
        return 1;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean shouldFilter() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public Object run() throws ZuulException {
        try {
            RequestContext currentContext = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
            ZuulException  exception=(ZuulException) currentContext.getThrowable();
            System.out.println("進入系統異常攔截"+exception.getMessage());
            HttpServletResponse response = currentContext.getResponse();
            response.setContentType("application/json; charset=utf8");
            response.setStatus(exception.nStatusCode);
            PrintWriter writer=null;
            try{
                writer=response.getWriter();
                writer.print("{code:"+exception.nStatusCode+",message:\""+exception.getMessage()+"\"}");

            }catch (IOException e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }finally {
                if(writer!=null){
                    writer.close();
                }
            }
        }catch (Exception e){
            ReflectionUtils.rethrowRuntimeException(e);
        }
        return null;
    }
}
           

在自定義過濾器MyFilter中制造異常

/**
     * 執行方法
     * @return
     * @throws ZuulException
     */
    @Override
    public Object run() throws ZuulException {
        HttpServletRequest request = RequestContext.getCurrentContext().getRequest();
        String serverName = request.getServerName();
        System.out.println("通路位址"+serverName+request.getRequestURI());
        int a=10/0; //制造異常
        return null; //傳回值無意義
    }
           

測試

zuul的熔斷降級

建立zuul的降級類

@Component
public class ZuulFallBack implements FallbackProvider {
    /**
     * 配置需要降級的路由規則
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public String getRoute() {
        return "*";
    }

    @Override
    public ClientHttpResponse fallbackResponse(String route, Throwable cause) {
        return new ClientHttpResponse() {


            /**
             * 響應頭
             * @return
             */
            @Override
            public HttpHeaders getHeaders() {
                HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
                headers.set("Content-Type", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");

                return headers;
            }

            /**
             * 響應體
             * @return
             * @throws IOException
             */
            @Override
            public InputStream getBody() throws IOException {
                // 當出現服務調用錯誤之後傳回的内容
                // 服務端死掉，會自動找zuul的失敗回退服務降級
                return new ByteArrayInputStream("系統正在維護，請稍後再試！".getBytes());
            }
            /**
             * 狀态碼
             * @return
             * @throws IOException
             */
            @Override
            public HttpStatus getStatusCode() throws IOException {

                return HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST;
            }

            /**
             * 狀态碼值
             * @return
             * @throws IOException
             */
            @Override
            public int getRawStatusCode() throws IOException {

                return HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST.value();
            }
            /**
             * 狀态碼值文本
             * @return
             * @throws IOException
             */
            @Override
            public String getStatusText() throws IOException {

                return HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST.getReasonPhrase();
            }
            @Override
            public void close() {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub

            }
        };
    }
}
           

測試：

關閉zuul中的服務，然後通過zuul來通路服務