英語文法-Conjunction連詞-Adverbial Clause狀語從句

二、Adverbial Clause狀語從句

起副詞作用；

分為九大類；

狀語的位置比較靈活，可位于句首、句末或句中；

“時間”、“地點”是一對兒；

“原因”、“結果”為一家；

“條件”、“目的”有虛拟；

我“比較”喜歡“讓步”的“方式”；

Naturally,our grandparents were pleased to get out phone call.副詞，當然，我們的祖父母樂于接到我們的電話

We worked hard, from sunrise to sunset.介詞短語，我們工作得努力，從日出到日落

To helpmy disabled aunt, I spend an hour working in her house every day.不定式，為了幫助殘疾的阿姨，我每天花一小時在她的房子裡

Seen from a distance, the farmhouse looked deserted.過去分詞，從遠處看，農舍顯得空蕩蕩

I know how to light a camp

I know how to light a cap fire because I had done it before.狀語從句，我知道如何點燃篝火，因為我曾經做過

1、時間

常用引導詞：

when在...時

as當...時

while在...期間

as soon as一...就...

before在...之前

after在...之後

since自從...以來

not...until直到...才

untile|till直到...才

特殊引導詞：

the minute|the moment|the second，當...時候

every time

the day

the instant瞬間，頃刻

immediately

directly不久，立即

no sooner...than一...就...

hardly...when剛一...就...

scarcely...when剛...就...|一...就...

as soon as一...就...

當用no sooner...than，hardly...when，scarcely...when作為引導詞時，從句要部分倒裝；

I didn'trealize how special my mother wasuntilI became an adult.直到我成為了一個成年人我才意識到我的母親是多麼特殊

WhileJohn was watching TV, his wife was cooking.當約翰看電視時，他的妻子正在做飯

The children ran away from the orchard, the momentthey saw the guard.孩子們一看到守衛就逃出了果園

No soonerhad I arrived homethanit began to rain.我一到家就開始下雨了

Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.每當我聽取你的建議時，我就會惹上麻煩

2、地點

常用引導詞：where；

特殊引導詞：wherever|anywhere|everywhere；

Generally, air will be heavily polluted wherethere are factories.一般來說，有工廠的地方空氣污染就嚴重

Whereever you go, you should work hard.無論你去哪裡，你都應該努力工作

Where there is no rain, farming is diffcult or impossible.在沒有雨水的地方，耕作是困難的或不要根本不可能的

They were good persons, where they went, there they were warmly welcomed.他們都是好人，是以他們走到哪裡都受到熱烈歡迎

You should have put the book where you found it.你應該把書放回原來的地方

Where the Communist Party of Chinagoes, there the people are liberated.哪裡有了中國共産黨，哪裡的人民就得解放

3、原因

常用引導詞：because|since|as|since；

特殊引導詞：seeing that因為、由于、鑒于|now that既然、由于|in that因為、由于|considering 鑒于；

consideration n.，考慮，斟酌，體貼，關心，take sth. into consideration，thank you for your consideration，you're fucking pretty是贊美的話

considerate adj.，體貼的，考慮周到的，小心的，謹慎的

considerable adj.，相當大的，相當重要的

My friends dislike me because I'm handsome and successful.我的朋友都不喜歡我，因為我又帥又成功

Now that everybody has come, let's begin our conference.既然每個人都到了，讓我們開始我們的會議吧

4、結果

常用引導詞：so...that如此...以至于|so如此、是以、是以|such...that；

特殊引導詞：such that如此...以緻|to the degree that在某種程度上|to the extent that達到...的程度以緻|to such a degree that到這樣地程度以至于；

He got up soearly thathe caught the first bus.他很早起床以便趕上第一班公共汽車，so放句首需倒裝

It'ssuch a good chance that we must not miss it.這是一個好機會，千萬不能錯過它

To such a degree was he excited that he couldn't sleep last night.他激動到這個程度，以至于他昨晚睡不着

This news is exciting,so that he jumped up.這個消息太令人激動了，以至于他跳了起來

5、目的

常用引導詞：so that|in order that；

特殊引導詞：lest以免、擔心|in case假使、萬一|for fear that以防萬一|in the hope that希望能...|for the purpose of為了...目的|to the end that為...起見，前3個虛拟語氣；

The boss asked the secretary to huury up with the lettersso thathe could sign them.老闆要求秘書快寫函件以便他能在上面簽字

The teacher raised his voice on purpose thatthe students in the back could hear more clearyly.為了讓後面的學生聽得更清楚，者是有意地提高了他的聲音

6、條件

常用引導詞：if|unless；

特殊引導詞：as long as隻要|so long as|only if隻要...就、隻有|providing that假如，同if|provided that如果、倘若，同if|suppose that假如，同if|in case that萬一、如果，同if|on condition that如果，同if；

We'll start our projectifthe president agree.如果總統同意，我們将開始我們的項目

You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.隻要你繼續努力，你一定會成功的

Provided thatthere is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.如果沒有人反對，我們就在這裡開會

7、方式

常用引導詞：as|as if猶如、好似|how；

特殊引導詞：the way；

When in Rome, doas the Romans do.入鄉随俗

She behaved as if she were the boss.她表現得好像她是老闆

Sometimes we teach our children the wayour parents have taught us.有時，我們用父母教導我們的方式教導我們的孩子

8、比較

常用引導詞：as同級比較|than不同程度比較；

特殊引導詞：

the more... the more...

just as...

so....

A is to ... what B is to...

as A is to B

no... more than

not A so much as B

She isasbad-temperedas her mother.她和她媽媽一樣脾氣很壞

The house is three times as big as ours.這房子是我們的三倍大

The moreyou exercise, the healthieryou will be.你運動的越多，你就越健康

Foodis tomen what oil is to machine.食物之于人，猶如油之于機器

9、讓步

常用引導詞：though|although|even if|even though|much as盡管；

特殊引導詞：as用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝|while一般用在句首|no matter...|in spite of the fact that不顧...事實|whatever|whoever|wherever|whenever|however|whichever；

no matter who = whoever

no matter what = whatever

no matter where = wherever

no matter how = however

Much asI respect hime, I can't agree to his proposal.盡管我很尊敬他，但是我卻不同意他的建議

The old man always enjoys swimming even thoughthe weather is rough.老人都很喜歡遊泳，即使天氣很惡劣

No matter howhard he tried, she could not change her mind.不論他如何努力，她都不會改變她的主意

He won't listen whatever you may say.他不會聽你說什麼

狀語從句的省略

狀語從句同時具備下列2個條件，從句中的主語和be動詞常可省略：

1主句和從句的主語一緻，或者從句的主語是it；

2從句謂語動詞是be動詞；

When (the museum is) completed, the museum will be open to the public next year.當博物館完成，該博物館将于明年向公衆開放

He'll go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is) possible.如果可能，他将去海邊度假