"""
@author: LiShiHang
@software: PyCharm
@file: 5.1.直方圖均衡化.py
@time: 2018/12/24 16:02
@desc:
"""
import cv2 # 僅用于讀取圖像矩陣
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
gray_level = 256 # 灰階級
def pixel_probability(img):
"""
計算像素值出現機率
:param img:
:return:
"""
assert isinstance(img, np.ndarray)
prob = np.zeros(shape=(256))
for rv in img:
for cv in rv:
prob[cv] += 1
r, c = img.shape
prob = prob / (r * c)
return prob
def probability_to_histogram(img, prob):
"""
根據像素機率将原始圖像直方圖均衡化
:param img:
:param prob:
:return: 直方圖均衡化後的圖像
"""
prob = np.cumsum(prob) # 累計機率
img_map = [int(i * prob[i]) for i in range(256)] # 像素值映射
# 像素值替換
assert isinstance(img, np.ndarray)
r, c = img.shape
for ri in range(r):
for ci in range(c):
img[ri, ci] = img_map[img[ri, ci]]
return img
def plot(y, name):
"""
畫直方圖,len(y)==gray_level
:param y: 機率值
:param name:
:return:
"""
plt.figure(num=name)
plt.bar([i for i in range(gray_level)], y, width=1)
if __name__ == '__main__':
img = cv2.imread("source.jpg", 0) # 讀取灰階圖
prob = pixel_probability(img)
plot(prob, "原圖直方圖")
# 直方圖均衡化
img = probability_to_histogram(img, prob)
cv2.imwrite("source_hist.jpg", img) # 儲存圖像
prob = pixel_probability(img)
plot(prob, "直方圖均衡化結果")
plt.show()