新手RoR十分钟初体验Step By Step

<a href="http://yulimin.javaeye.com/blog/35929">http://yulimin.javaeye.com/blog/35929</a>

关键字: rails   ruby rails ror    

新手ror十分钟初体验step by step

声明一下，这是个新手启动的体验文章，高手不要看了。。。：）

1、安装ruby

2、测试是否安装成功

建议一个test.rb文件，内容如下

hello = "hello ruby world."  

puts hello  

在命令行下运行 ruby test.rb ，注意安装时%ruby_home%/bin已经设置在你的path中了，检查一下即可，运行正确的话就会显示

hello ruby world.

结果出来

也可以启动freeride，新建一个文件，保存，按f5就可以运行得到结果了。在freeride的edit菜单==&gt;preferences...==&gt;debugger/run的右边，选中run process in terminal，运行时可以打开新的窗口来查看，默认在freeride下面显示结果。

3、利用gem安装其它模块

在命令行下运行 gem install rails

安装提示与结果

install required dependency activesupport? [yn]  y

install required dependency activerecord? [yn]  y

install required dependency actionpack? [yn]  y

install required dependency actionmailer? [yn]  y

install required dependency actionwebservice? [yn]  y

successfully installed rails-1.1.6

successfully installed activesupport-1.3.1

successfully installed activerecord-1.14.4

successfully installed actionpack-1.12.5

successfully installed actionmailer-1.2.5

successfully installed actionwebservice-1.1.6

installing ri documentation for activesupport-1.3.1...

installing ri documentation for activerecord-1.14.4...

installing ri documentation for actionpack-1.12.5...

installing ri documentation for actionmailer-1.2.5...

installing ri documentation for actionwebservice-1.1.6...

installing rdoc documentation for activesupport-1.3.1...

installing rdoc documentation for activerecord-1.14.4...

installing rdoc documentation for actionpack-1.12.5...

installing rdoc documentation for actionmailer-1.2.5...

installing rdoc documentation for actionwebservice-1.1.6...

再运行gem list检查一下看是否安装上去了，会有一堆列表显示，新的也在里面，安装前后各gem list一下，就可以对比得到以下结果

4、安装后各模块介绍

actionmailer (1.2.5) 邮件分发与测试模块，类似java里的javamail的东东

actionpack (1.12.5) 类似于web的mvc中的v与c

actionwebservice (1.1.6) web service支持

activerecord (1.14.4) orm工具，类似java中的hibernate之类的

activesupport (1.3.1) rails框架所依赖的一些基础工具类

rails (1.1.6) web应用框架rails包含模板引擎，控制层及orm

5、默认安装后的模块有

fxri (0.3.3)

    graphical interface to the ri documentation, with search engine.

fxruby (1.6.1, 1.2.6)

    fxruby is the ruby binding to the fox gui toolkit.

log4r (1.0.5) 日志库，java中就象log4j或jakarta的commons-logging

rake (0.7.1) 类似make的工具，java中就象ant或maven

sources (0.0.1)

    this package provides download sources for remote gem installation

win32-clipboard (0.4.0)

    a package for interacting with the windows clipboard

win32-dir (0.3.0)

    extra constants and methods for the dir class on windows.

win32-eventlog (0.4.1)

    interface for the ms windows event log.

win32-file (0.5.2)

    extra or redefined methods for the file class on windows.

win32-file-stat (1.2.2)

    a file::stat class tailored to ms windows

win32-process (0.4.2)

    adds fork, wait, wait2, waitpid, waitpid2 and a special kill method

win32-sapi (0.1.3)

    an interface to the ms sapi (sound api) library.

win32-sound (0.4.0)

    a package for playing with sound on windows.

windows-pr (0.5.1)

    windows functions and constants predefined via win32api

6、创建web应用

在命令行下运行 rails rorweb ，会在rorweb目录下创建相应的一堆完整的web应用的目录结构，然后你应该做的就是写你的程序了。

      create

      create  app/controllers

      create  app/helpers

      create  app/models

      create  app/views/layouts

      create  config/environments

      create  components

      create  db

      create  doc

      create  lib

      create  lib/tasks

      create  log

      create  public/images

      create  public/javascripts

      create  public/stylesheets

      create  script/performance

      create  script/process

      create  test/fixtures

      create  test/functional

      create  test/integration

      create  test/mocks/development

      create  test/mocks/test

      create  test/unit

      create  vendor

      create  vendor/plugins

      create  tmp/sessions

      create  tmp/sockets

      create  tmp/cache

      create  rakefile

      create  readme

      create  app/controllers/application.rb

      create  app/helpers/application_helper.rb

      create  test/test_helper.rb

      create  config/database.yml

      create  config/routes.rb

      create  public/.htaccess

      create  config/boot.rb

      create  config/environment.rb

      create  config/environments/production.rb

      create  config/environments/development.rb

      create  config/environments/test.rb

      create  script/about

      create  script/breakpointer

      create  script/console

      create  script/destroy

      create  script/generate

      create  script/performance/benchmarker

      create  script/performance/profiler

      create  script/process/reaper

      create  script/process/spawner

      create  script/runner

      create  script/server

      create  script/plugin

      create  public/dispatch.rb

      create  public/dispatch.cgi

      create  public/dispatch.fcgi

      create  public/404.html

      create  public/500.html

      create  public/index.html

      create  public/favicon.ico

      create  public/robots.txt

      create  public/images/rails.png

      create  public/javascripts/prototype.js

      create  public/javascripts/effects.js

      create  public/javascripts/dragdrop.js

      create  public/javascripts/controls.js

      create  public/javascripts/application.js

      create  doc/readme_for_app

      create  log/server.log

      create  log/production.log

      create  log/development.log

      create  log/test.log

7、启动web应用

进入rorweb目录，运行 ruby script/server 启动之，信息如下

=&gt; booting webrick...

=&gt; rails application started on http://0.0.0.0:3000

=&gt; ctrl-c to shutdown server; call with --help for options

[2006-11-25 08:47:44] info  webrick 1.3.1

[2006-11-25 08:47:44] info  ruby 1.8.4 (2006-04-14) [i386-mswin32]

[2006-11-25 08:47:44] info  webrick::httpserver#start: pid=2564 port=3000

默认webrick服务器启用了3000端口，访问一下 http://localhost:3000 ，打开后可以看到如下之类的信息。

welcome aboard

you’re riding the rails!

about your application’s environment

点击查看：

ruby version 1.8.4 (i386-mswin32)

rubygems version 0.9.0

rails version 1.1.6

active record version 1.14.4

action pack version 1.12.5

action web service version 1.1.6

action mailer version 1.2.5

active support version 1.3.1

application root x:/opensource/ruby/rorweb

environment development

database adapter mysql

8、写一个helloror的web程序

打开rorweb/app目录，可以看到四个子目录

controllers

helpers

models

views

一看就知道是什么作用了吧：）

仍在rorweb目录，运行 ruby script/generate controller helloror 可以看到如下的创建信息

      exists  app/controllers/

      exists  app/helpers/

      create  app/views/hello_ro_r

      exists  test/functional/

      create  app/controllers/hello_ro_r_controller.rb

      create  test/functional/hello_ro_r_controller_test.rb

      create  app/helpers/hello_ro_r_helper.rb

创建一个app/views/hello_ro_r目录及三个文件

打开 hello_ro_r_controller.rb 进行编辑，增加内容后全部如下：

ruby 代码 

class hellororcontroller &lt; applicationcontroller   

 def index   

  render_text "hello ror world"  

 end  

 def rails   

  render_text "hello rails"  

end  

注意是 hello_ro_r 不是helloror，默认是小写，并写大小写之间用_分隔了，要注意一下，如果要进行对应，就全部小写建立应用，如：

其它：1.8.4与1.8.5的区别

1.8.4

1.8.5

win32-clipboard (0.4.1)

win32-eventlog (0.4.2)

win32-process (0.5.1)

windows-pr (0.5.3, 0.5.1)

1.8.5的升级：gem install rails

bulk updating gem source index for: http://gems.rubyforge.org

while generating documentation for activesupport-1.3.1

... message:   unhandled special: special: type=17, text="&lt;!-- hi --&gt;"

... rdoc args: --ri --op f:/opensource/ror/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/doc/activesupport-1.3.1/ri --quiet lib

(continuing with the rest of the installation)

while generating documentation for actionpack-1.12.5

... message:   unhandled special: special: type=17, text="&lt;!-- the header part of this layout --&gt;"

... rdoc args: --ri --op f:/opensource/ror/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/doc/actionpack-1.12.5/ri --quiet lib

9、中文截取问题测试

<a href="http://my.opera.com/sawpad/blog/show.dml/235183" target="_blank">http://my.opera.com/sawpad/blog/show.dml/235183</a>

从以上地址拿到程序放到 rorweb/lib/ 目录下

它的示例里有问题，我回复了它，可以在程序里调用如下，凑合着用，至少不会乱码：

ruby 代码

u = uscutter.new("gbk")   

u1 = uscutter.new("gbk")   

u2 = uscutter.new("gbk")   

s = "we love 中文截取问题"  

s1 = u.cut(s,0,10)   

s2 = u1.cut(s,0,11)   

s3 = u2.cut(s,0,12)   

puts s1   

puts s2   

puts s3  

记得javaeye上线时也是乱码问题，现在解决了的，原来我给robbin写过用javascript来解决乱码的问题，不知道robbin后来如何解决的，搜了一下，没有发现解决方案？

10、接下来就是连接数据库做一个完整的开发之类的，待续。。。