本节重点:
actionchains 类
context_click() 右击
double_click() 双击
drag_and_drop() 拖动
测试的产品中有一个操作是右键点击文件列表会弹出一个快捷菜单,可以方便的选择快捷菜单中的选择对文件进行操作(删除、移动、重命名),之前学习元素的点击非常简单:
driver.find_element_by_id(“xxx”).click()
那么鼠标的双击、右击、拖动等是否也是这样的写法呢?例如右击:
driver.find_element_by_id(“xxx”).context_click()
经过运行脚本得到了下面的错误提示:
attributeerror: 'webelement' object has no attribute 'context_click'
提示右点方法不属于webelement 对象,通过查找文档,发现属于actionchains 类,但文档中没有具体写法。这里要感谢 北京-qc-rabbit 的指点,其实整个python+selenium 学习过程都要感谢 北京-qc-rabbit 的指点。
下面介绍鼠标右键的用法,以快播私有云为例:
这里需要注意的是,在使用actionchains 类之前,要先将包引入。
右击的操作会了,下面的其它方法比葫芦画瓢也能写出来。
鼠标双击的写法:
鼠标拖放操作的写法:
actionchains 类不仅仅是只包含了上面的三个方法,下面将方法列出:
class actionchains(driver)
driver:the webdriver instance which performs user actions.
generate user actions. all actions are stored in the actionchains object. call perform() to fire stored actions.
– perform()
performs all stored actions.
– click(on_element=none)
clicks an element.
on_element:the element to click. if none, clicks on current mouse position.
– click_and_hold(on_element)
holds down the left mouse button on an element.
on_element:the element to mouse down. if none, clicks on current mouse position.
– context_click(on_element)
performs a context-click (right click) on an element.
on_element:the element to context-click. if none, clicks on current mouse position.
– double_click(on_element)
double-clicks an element.
on_element:the element to double-click. if none, clicks on current mouse position.
– drag_and_drop(source, target)
holds down the left mouse button on the source element, then moves to the target element and releases the mouse button.
source:the element to mouse down.
target: the element to mouse up.
– key_down(key, element=none)
sends a key press only, without releasing it. should only be used with modifier keys (control, alt andshift).
key:the modifier key to send. values are defined in keys class.
element:the element to send keys. if none, sends a key to current focused element.
– key_up(key, element=none)
releases a modifier key.
– move_by_offset(xoffset, yoffset)
moving the mouse to an offset from current mouse position.
xoffset:x offset to move to.yoffset:y offset to move to.
– move_to_element(to_element)
moving the mouse to the middle of an element.
to_element: the element to move to.
– move_to_element_with_offset(to_element, xoffset, yoffset)
move the mouse by an offset of the specificed element. offsets are relative to the top-left corner of the
element.
to_element: the element to move to.xoffset:x offset to move to.yoffset:y offset to move to.
– release(on_element)
releasing a held mouse button.
on_element:the element to mouse up.
– send_keys(*keys_to_send)
sends keys to current focused element.
keys_to_send:the keys to send.
– send_keys_to_element(self, element,*keys_to_send):
sends keys to an element.
element:the element to send keys.keys_to_send:the keys to send.