本節重點:
actionchains 類
context_click() 右擊
double_click() 輕按兩下
drag_and_drop() 拖動
測試的産品中有一個操作是右鍵點選檔案清單會彈出一個快捷菜單,可以友善的選擇快捷菜單中的選擇對檔案進行操作(删除、移動、重命名),之前學習元素的點選非常簡單:
driver.find_element_by_id(“xxx”).click()
那麼滑鼠的輕按兩下、右擊、拖動等是否也是這樣的寫法呢?例如右擊:
driver.find_element_by_id(“xxx”).context_click()
經過運作腳本得到了下面的錯誤提示:
attributeerror: 'webelement' object has no attribute 'context_click'
提示右點方法不屬于webelement 對象,通過查找文檔,發現屬于actionchains 類,但文檔中沒有具體寫法。這裡要感謝 北京-qc-rabbit 的指點,其實整個python+selenium 學習過程都要感謝 北京-qc-rabbit 的指點。
下面介紹滑鼠右鍵的用法,以快播私有雲為例:
這裡需要注意的是,在使用actionchains 類之前,要先将包引入。
右擊的操作會了,下面的其它方法比葫蘆畫瓢也能寫出來。
滑鼠輕按兩下的寫法:
滑鼠拖放操作的寫法:
actionchains 類不僅僅是隻包含了上面的三個方法,下面将方法列出:
class actionchains(driver)
driver:the webdriver instance which performs user actions.
generate user actions. all actions are stored in the actionchains object. call perform() to fire stored actions.
– perform()
performs all stored actions.
– click(on_element=none)
clicks an element.
on_element:the element to click. if none, clicks on current mouse position.
– click_and_hold(on_element)
holds down the left mouse button on an element.
on_element:the element to mouse down. if none, clicks on current mouse position.
– context_click(on_element)
performs a context-click (right click) on an element.
on_element:the element to context-click. if none, clicks on current mouse position.
– double_click(on_element)
double-clicks an element.
on_element:the element to double-click. if none, clicks on current mouse position.
– drag_and_drop(source, target)
holds down the left mouse button on the source element, then moves to the target element and releases the mouse button.
source:the element to mouse down.
target: the element to mouse up.
– key_down(key, element=none)
sends a key press only, without releasing it. should only be used with modifier keys (control, alt andshift).
key:the modifier key to send. values are defined in keys class.
element:the element to send keys. if none, sends a key to current focused element.
– key_up(key, element=none)
releases a modifier key.
– move_by_offset(xoffset, yoffset)
moving the mouse to an offset from current mouse position.
xoffset:x offset to move to.yoffset:y offset to move to.
– move_to_element(to_element)
moving the mouse to the middle of an element.
to_element: the element to move to.
– move_to_element_with_offset(to_element, xoffset, yoffset)
move the mouse by an offset of the specificed element. offsets are relative to the top-left corner of the
element.
to_element: the element to move to.xoffset:x offset to move to.yoffset:y offset to move to.
– release(on_element)
releasing a held mouse button.
on_element:the element to mouse up.
– send_keys(*keys_to_send)
sends keys to current focused element.
keys_to_send:the keys to send.
– send_keys_to_element(self, element,*keys_to_send):
sends keys to an element.
element:the element to send keys.keys_to_send:the keys to send.