手写Rxjava+Retrofit+Mvp
今天来写写我的第一篇博客,分享一下自己手写的Rxjava+Retrofit+Mvp,帮助大家学习,要是有哪些写的不好的地方可以提出来,我虚心接受。
关于什么是Rxjava和Retrofit,两者结合的好处我这里就不在一一概述了,网上有很多大牛写的都很好,这里推荐几篇比较好的博文,大家可以去参考一下,一篇是扔物线大牛写的给Android 开发者的RxJava 详解和Android 优雅的让RxJava2.0+Retrofit2.0结合使用。先附上gradle的依赖,以免到时候小伙伴们找到的类会有偏差。
//rxjava +retrofit
implementation 'io.reactivex.rxjava2:rxjava:2.1.1'
implementation 'io.reactivex.rxjava2:rxandroid:2.0.1'
implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.3.0'
implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.3.0'
implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-scalars:2.3.0'
implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:adapter-rxjava2:2.3.0'//配合rxjava2
implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:logging-interceptor:3.8.1'//拦截器
本文重点讲述的事如何搭建mvp框架,因为自己比较喜欢架构这一块,尤其是mvp设计模式,简单明了的代码风格和清晰的体系结构受广大程序员的喜欢,最近有去研究了这个模式,加了一些自己的理解,下面就把自己所感所悟分享出来,有哪些写的不好的地方和错误欢迎指出。
什么是mvp
先上个图方便大家的理解
mvp(model view presenter)是一种设计模式,在mvc(model view controller)的基础上进行了优化,使得在代码结构上非常的干净和整洁,mvp和mvc相比,mvc的View,controller和model全都写在一个activity里,我相信很多老的android应用应该都是这样写的,这样写的代码比较臃肿,会造成一个界面产生几千行代码的可能,维护起来非常的困难。而mvp架构在代码风格上就完胜mvc,它把View和Model这两块抽离出来,放在单独的模块里,通过presenter这个对象进行交互,降低了代码的耦合度。
一.什么是model
model英文翻译过来就是数据模型,像我们平日里通过网络请求得到的json数据要通过一个实体类进行保存,这个实体类就是我们所说的model数据模型,里面包含业务逻辑这块。当然model你也可以这么去理解,他是获取网络数据的一个类。
如何搭建model层
一.搭建Disposable管理类
1.定义Disposable接口
package com.lcp.lcplibrary.mvp.disposable;
import io.reactivex.disposables.Disposable;
/**
* Created by lcp on 2018/6/16.
*/
public interface IDisposable {
//添加
void add(Disposable subscription);
//取消
void cancel(Disposable t);
//取消所有
void cancelall();
}
2.定义一个Disposable的实现类DisposableManager
package com.lcp.lcplibrary.mvp.disposable;
import io.reactivex.disposables.CompositeDisposable;
import io.reactivex.disposables.Disposable;
/**
* Created by lcp on 2018/6/16.Disposable管理类
*/
public class DisposableManager implements IDisposable {
private static DisposableManager subscriptionManager;
private CompositeDisposable mDisposables;
private DisposableManager() {
if (mDisposables == null) {
mDisposables = new CompositeDisposable();
}
}
@Override
public void add(Disposable disposable) {
if (disposable == null) return;
mDisposables.add(disposable);
}
@Override
public void cancel(Disposable disposable) {
if (mDisposables != null) {
mDisposables.delete(disposable);
}
}
@Override
public void cancelall() {
if (mDisposables != null) {
mDisposables.clear();
}
}
public static DisposableManager getInstance() {
if (subscriptionManager == null) {
subscriptionManager = new DisposableManager();
}
return subscriptionManager;
}
}
二.定义异常处理类
package com.lcp.lcplibrary.mvp.error;
/**
* Created by lcp on 2018/6/16.错误信息的实体类
*/
public class ErrorBodyDTO {
private String errCode;
private String errMsg;
public String getErrCode() {
return errCode;
}
public void setErrCode(String errCode) {
this.errCode = errCode;
}
public String getErrMsg() {
return errMsg;
}
public void setErrMsg(String errMsg) {
this.errMsg = errMsg;
}
}
package com.lcp.lcplibrary.mvp.error;
import android.net.ParseException;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.google.gson.JsonParseException;
import org.json.JSONException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ConnectException;
import okhttp3.ResponseBody;
import retrofit2.HttpException;
/**
* Created by lcp on 2018/6/16.异常处理类
*/
public class ExceptionHandle {
private static final int UNAUTHORIZED = ;
private static final int FORBIDDEN = ;
private static final int NOT_FOUND = ;
private static final int REQUEST_TIMEOUT = ;
private static final int INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR = ;
private static final int BAD_GATEWAY = ;
private static final int SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE = ;
private static final int GATEWAY_TIMEOUT = ;
private static final int FAIL_QUEST = ;//无法使用请求的内容特性来响应请求的网页
private static final int BAD_REQUEST = ;
private static ResponseBody body;
public static ResponeThrowable handleException(Throwable e) {
ResponeThrowable ex;
if (e instanceof HttpException) {
HttpException httpException = (HttpException) e;
ex = new ResponeThrowable(e, ERROR.HTTP_ERROR);
switch (httpException.code()) {
case UNAUTHORIZED:
break;
case FORBIDDEN:
ex.message = "服务器已经理解请求,但是拒绝执行它";
break;
case NOT_FOUND:
ex.message = "服务器异常,请稍后再试";
break;
case REQUEST_TIMEOUT:
ex.message = "请求超时";
break;
case GATEWAY_TIMEOUT:
case INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR:
ex.message = "服务器遇到了一个未曾预料的状况,无法完成对请求的处理";
break;
case BAD_REQUEST:
break;
case BAD_GATEWAY:
case SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE:
case FAIL_QUEST:
body = ((HttpException) e).response().errorBody();
try {
String message = "";
if (body != null) {
message = body.string();
}
Gson gson = new Gson();
ErrorBodyDTO globalExceptionDTO = gson.fromJson(message, ErrorBodyDTO.class);
if (globalExceptionDTO.getErrMsg() != null) {
ex.message = globalExceptionDTO.getErrMsg();
} else {
ex.message = "";
}
} catch (IOException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
break;
default:
ex.message = "网络错误";
break;
}
return ex;
} else if (e instanceof ServerException) {
ServerException resultException = (ServerException) e;
ex = new ResponeThrowable(resultException, resultException.code);
ex.message = resultException.message;
return ex;
} else if (e instanceof JsonParseException
|| e instanceof JSONException
|| e instanceof ParseException) {
ex = new ResponeThrowable(e, ERROR.PARSE_ERROR);
ex.message = "解析错误";
return ex;
} else if (e instanceof ConnectException) {
ex = new ResponeThrowable(e, ERROR.NETWORD_ERROR);
ex.message = "连接失败";
return ex;
} else if (e instanceof javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException) {
ex = new ResponeThrowable(e, ERROR.SSL_ERROR);
ex.message = "证书验证失败";
return ex;
} else if (e instanceof java.net.SocketTimeoutException) {
ex = new ResponeThrowable(e, ERROR.TIMEOUT_ERROR);
//ex.message = "连接超时";
ex.message = "当前网络连接不顺畅,请稍后再试!";
return ex;
} else if (e instanceof java.net.UnknownHostException) {
ex = new ResponeThrowable(e, ERROR.TIMEOUT_ERROR);
ex.message = "网络中断,请检查网络状态!";
return ex;
} else if (e instanceof javax.net.ssl.SSLException) {
ex = new ResponeThrowable(e, ERROR.TIMEOUT_ERROR);
ex.message = "网络中断,请检查网络状态!";
return ex;
} else if (e instanceof java.io.EOFException) {
ex = new ResponeThrowable(e, ERROR.PARSE_EmptyERROR);
ex.message = "1007";
return ex;
} else if (e instanceof NullPointerException) {
ex = new ResponeThrowable(e, ERROR.PARSE_EmptyERROR);
ex.message = "数据为空,显示失败";
return ex;
} else {
ex = new ResponeThrowable(e, ERROR.UNKNOWN);
ex.message = "未知错误";
return ex;
}
}
/**
* 约定异常
*/
private class ERROR {
/**
* 未知错误
*/
private static final int UNKNOWN = ;
/**
* 解析错误
*/
private static final int PARSE_ERROR = ;
/**
* 解析no content错误
*/
private static final int PARSE_EmptyERROR = ;
/**
* 网络错误
*/
private static final int NETWORD_ERROR = ;
/**
* 协议出错
*/
private static final int HTTP_ERROR = ;
/**
* 证书出错
*/
private static final int SSL_ERROR = ;
/**
* 连接超时
*/
private static final int TIMEOUT_ERROR = ;
private static final int LOGIN_ERROR = -;
private static final int DATA_EMPTY = -;
}
public static class ResponeThrowable extends Exception {
private int code;
public String message;
private ResponeThrowable(Throwable throwable, int code) {
super(throwable);
this.code = code;
}
private ResponeThrowable(String message, int code) {
this.code = code;
this.message = message;
}
}
private class ServerException extends RuntimeException {
private int code;
private String message;
private ServerException(int code, String message) {
this.code = code;
this.message = message;
}
}
}
三.搭建Model层
1.搭建BaseModel
在这个类里进行对象的订阅,被观察者订阅观察者
package com.lcp.lcplibrary.mvp.model;
import io.reactivex.Observable;
import io.reactivex.Observer;
import io.reactivex.android.schedulers.AndroidSchedulers;
import io.reactivex.schedulers.Schedulers;
/**
* Created by lcp on 2018/6/13.订阅
*/
public class BaseModel<T> {
public void subscribe(Observable<T> observable, Observer<T> observer) {
observable
//请求完成后在主线程更新UI
.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
//请求数据的时间发生在io线程
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
.subscribe(observer);
}
}
定义泛型T,为你要生成的实体类。
2.建立一个Observer实现类去实现io.reactivex.Observer接口
重写onSubscribe,onNext和onError回调方法,自行处理返回的数据
package com.lcp.lcplibrary.mvp.model;
import com.lcp.lcplibrary.mvp.error.ExceptionHandle;
import io.reactivex.disposables.Disposable;
/**
* Created by lcp on 2018/6/16.观察者
*/
public abstract class MyObServer<T> implements io.reactivex.Observer<T> {
@Override
public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {
OnDisposable(d);
}
@Override
public void onNext(T t) {
OnSuccess(t);
}
@Override
public void onError(Throwable e) {
//自定义异常的传递
OnFail(ExceptionHandle.handleException(e));
Onfinish();
}
@Override
public void onComplete() {
Onfinish();
}
public abstract void OnSuccess(T t);
public abstract void OnFail(ExceptionHandle.ResponeThrowable e);
public abstract void Onfinish();
public abstract void OnDisposable(Disposable d);
}
- 通过泛型T,可以随机改变你想要的类型,传入什么类型,得到的就是什么类型
- 定义四个抽象方法OnSuccess,OnFail,Onfinish,OnDisposable,在onSubscribe,onComplete,onNext和onError回调时使用,让MyObserver的实现类去重写方法
- 相当于给Observer做了一层封装
二.什么是View
View英文翻译过来是视图的意思,在mvp里面它所担当的角色是界面上的显示效果,比如网络开始请求时,你要显示弹窗,网络结束时你要结束弹窗,网络错误时你要显示Toast,这些都是View上的东西,说白了就是Ui线程上所要做的操作。如何搭建View层
一.定义一个自己所需要的View
1.写一个BaseView接口IBaseView
我这里就简单定义两个方法,一个是显示弹窗,一个是消失。
package com.lcp.lcplibrary.mvp.view;
/**
* Created by lcp on 2018/6/12.界面数据加载的处理
*/
public interface IBaseView {
void showLoading();
void dismissLoading();
}
2.定义一个IMvpView,去继承IBaseView
package com.lcp.lcplibrary.mvp.view;
/**
* Created by lcp on 2018/6/12 0011.数据加载的回调方法
*/
public interface IMvpView<T> extends IBaseView {
void onSuccess(T t);
void onfailed(String msg);
}
- 通过泛型,拿到自己想要的实体类
三.什么是presenter
presenter其实就是model和View的中介,mvp中的核心其实就是presenter,这也是和mvc最大的区别,mvc没有了controller,view和model照样可以进行交互,而mvp没有了presenter,view和model是不能进行交互的。总之presenter是mvp里比较重要的一块内容。
如何搭建presenter
一.搭建主Presenter接口
在这里接口里定义presenter的生命周期
package com.lcp.lcplibrary.mvp.presenter;
/**
* Created by lcp on 2018/6/12.主Presenter接口,Presenter的生命周期
*/
public interface IBasePresenter<V> {
void onCreate();
void onDestory();
void attachView(V v);
void detachView();
}
二.定义一个IBasePresenter的实现类
整个mvp架构的核心部分
package com.lcp.lcplibrary.mvp.presenter;
import com.lcp.lcplibrary.mvp.disposable.DisposableManager;
import com.lcp.lcplibrary.mvp.error.ExceptionHandle;
import com.lcp.lcplibrary.mvp.model.BaseModel;
import com.lcp.lcplibrary.mvp.model.MyObServer;
import com.lcp.lcplibrary.mvp.view.IMvpView;
import io.reactivex.Observable;
import io.reactivex.disposables.Disposable;
/**
* Created by lcp on 2018/6/11 0011.主presenter的实现类,用来处理view和model之前的交互
*/
public class BasePresenter<T, V extends IMvpView<T>> implements IBasePresenter<V> {
private BaseModel<T> mbaseModel;
private V mbaseView;
public BasePresenter() {
}
public void getData(Observable<T> observable) {
mbaseView.showLoading();
mbaseModel.subscribe(observable, new MyObServer<T>() {
@Override
public void OnSuccess(T t) {
mbaseView.onSuccess(t);
}
@Override
public void OnFail(ExceptionHandle.ResponeThrowable e) {
mbaseView.onfailed(e.message);
}
@Override
public void Onfinish() {
mbaseView.dismissLoading();
}
@Override
public void OnDisposable(Disposable d) {
DisposableManager.getInstance().add(d);
}
});
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
mbaseModel = new BaseModel<>();
}
@Override
public void onDestory() {
cancelAll();
}
@Override
public void attachView(V v) {
mbaseView = v;
}
private void cancelAll() {
DisposableManager.getInstance().cancelall();
}
@Override
public void detachView() {
mbaseView = null;
}
}
- 定义泛型,层层嵌套,约束类型
- 重写方法,在生命周期里进行对象的创建和销毁
- 在getData方法里实现model和View的交互,最后把数据传递给外部
四.MvpActivity
它作为所有想实现mvp体系的Activity的基类,搭建它是为了以后快速的实现
如何搭建MvpActivity
一.建立BaseActivity
大家在项目中经常用到的基类,我这里简单写两个方法
package com.lcp.lcplibrary.mvp.view;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.ProgressDialog;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
/**
* Created by lcp on 2018/6/28.activity的基类
*/
public class BasicActivity extends Activity {
private ProgressDialog progressDialog;
@Override
protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
}
public void showLoading() {
if (progressDialog == null) {
progressDialog = new ProgressDialog(this);
}
progressDialog.setMessage("加载中");
progressDialog.show();
}
public void dismissLoading() {
if (progressDialog != null && progressDialog.isShowing()) {
progressDialog.dismiss();
}
}
}
二.搭建抽象类MvpActivity
package com.lcp.lcplibrary.mvp.view;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import com.lcp.lcplibrary.mvp.presenter.IBasePresenter;
/**
* Created by lcp on 2018/6/13.
*/
public abstract class MvpActivity<T, V extends IMvpView<T>, P extends IBasePresenter<V>> extends BasicActivity {
public P presenter;
private V view;
@Override
protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
if (presenter == null) {
presenter = createPresenter();
}
if (view == null) {
view = createView();
}
if (presenter != null && view != null) {
presenter.attachView(view);
}
if (presenter != null) {
presenter.onCreate();
}
//设置布局
setContentView(layoutId());
//加载本地数据
initData();
//初始化Ui
initView();
//加载网络数据
initWeb();
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
if (presenter != null) {
presenter.detachView();
presenter.onDestory();
}
}
protected abstract P createPresenter();
protected abstract V createView();
protected abstract int layoutId();
protected abstract void initView();
protected abstract void initWeb();
protected abstract void initData();
}
- 泛型的定义和BasePresenter相同
- 在onCreate方法里实现初始化操作,创建抽象方法,在onCreate里调用,让子类重写
- 在onDestroy里释放内存
五.Mvp框架的使用
以上是搭建mvp框架的过程,现在可以开始使用了
package com.lcp.lcplib.ui;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import com.lcp.lcplib.R;
import com.lcp.lcplib.service.manager.DataManager;
import com.lcp.lcplib.service.model.Book;
import com.lcp.lcplibrary.mvp.presenter.BasePresenter;
import com.lcp.lcplibrary.mvp.view.IMvpView;
import com.lcp.lcplibrary.mvp.view.MvpActivity;
import java.util.HashMap;
public class MainActivity extends MvpActivity<Book,IMvpView<Book>,BasePresenter<Book,IMvpView<Book>>> implements IMvpView<Book> {
private TextView text;
@Override
protected BasePresenter<Book, IMvpView<Book>> createPresenter() {
return new BasePresenter<>();
}
@Override
protected IMvpView<Book> createView() {
return this;
}
@Override
protected int layoutId() {
return R.layout.activity_main2;
}
@Override
protected void initView() {
text = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text);
}
@Override
protected void initWeb() {
}
@Override
protected void initData() {
findViewById(R.id.button).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("q","金瓶梅");
map.put("tag","");
map.put("start",);
map.put("count",);
presenter.getData(DataManager.getInstance().getSearchbook(map));
}
});
}
@Override
public void onSuccess(Book book) {
text.setText(book.getBooks().get().getAlt_title());
}
@Override
public void onfailed(String msg) {
Toast.makeText(this, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
在你要实现Mvp框架的Activity里,继承MvpActivity,实现View的接口,传入你想要的类型就可以实现了。
总结
- 以上就是自己搭建的mvp框架,我已经把相同的部分抽到一个库里,有需要的小伙伴直接使用即可
- 在MvpActivity搭建这块泛型设计我觉得有些繁琐,如果知道如何优化的大牛们欢迎私信我。
- 最后附上源码https://github.com/laichangp/lcplib_觉得不错的小伙伴可以点个星哈。