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More Effecitve C++ 目录

基础议题(Basics) 009

条款1:仔细区别 pointers 和 references 009

Distinguish between pointers and references.

条款2:最好使用 C++ 转型操作符 012

Prefer C++-style casts.

条款3:绝对不要以多态(polymorphically)方式处理数组 016

Never treat arrays polymorphically.

条款4:非必要不提供 default constructor 019

Avoid gratuitous default constructors.

操作符(Operators) 024

条款5:对定制的“类型转换函数”保持警觉 024

Be wary of user-defined conversion functions.

条款6:区别 increment/decrement 操作符的前置(prefix)和后置(postfix)形式 031

Distinguish between prefix and postfix forms of increment and decrement operators.

条款7:千万不要重载&&,||和, 操作符 035

Never overload &&, ||, or ,.

条款8:了解各种不同意义的 new 和 delete 038

Understand the different meanings of new and delete

异常(Exceptions) 044

条款9:利用 destructors 避免泄漏资源 045

Use destructors to prevent resource leaks.

条款10:在 constructors 内阻止资源泄漏(resource leak) 050

Prevent resource leaks in constructors.

条款11:禁止异常(exceptions)流出 destructors 之外 058

Prevent exceptions from leaving destructors.

条款12:了解“抛出一个 exception”与“传递一个参数”或“调用一个虚函数”之间的差异 061

Understand how throwing an exception differs from passing a parameter or calling a virtual function.

条款13:以 by reference 方式捕捉 exceptions 068

Catch exceptions by reference.

条款14:明智运用 exception specifications 072

Use exception specifications judiciously.

条款15:了解异常处理(exception handling)的成本 078

Understand the costs of exception handling.

效率(Efficiency) 081

条款16:谨记 80-20 法则 082

Remember the 80-20 rule.

条款17:考虑使用 lazy evaluation(缓式评估) 085

Consider using lazy evaluation.

条款18:分期摊还预期的计算成本 093

Amortize the cost of expected computations.

条款19:了解临时对象的来源 098

Understand the origin of temporary objects.

条款20:协助完成“返回值优化(RVO)” 101

Facilitate the return value optimization.

条款21:利用重载技术(overload)避免隐式类型转换(implict type conversions)105

Overload to avoid implicit type conversions.

条款22:考虑以操作符复合形式(op=)取代其独身形式(op) 107

Consider using op= instead of stand-alone op.

条款23:考虑使用其他程序库 110

Consider alternative libraries.

条款24:了解 virtual functions、multiple inheritance、virtual base classes、runtime type identification 的成本 113

Understand the costs of virtual functions, multiple inheritance, virtual base classes, and RTTI.

技术(Techniques, Idioms, Patterns) 123

条款25:将 constructor 和 non-member functions 虚化 123

Virtualizing constructors and non-member functions.

条款26:限制某个 class 所能产生的对象数量 130

Limiting the number of objects of a class.

条款27:要求(或禁止)对象产生于 heap 之中 145

Requiring or prohibiting heap-based objects.

条款28:Smart Pointers(智能指针) 159

Smart Pointers

条款29:Reference counting(引用计数) 183

Reference counting

条款30:Proxy classes(替身类、代理类) 213

Proxy classes

条款31:让函数根据一个以上的对象类型来决定如何虚化 228

Making functions virtual with respect to more than one object.

杂项讨论(Miscellany) 252

条款32:在未来时态下发展程序 252

Program in the future tense.

条款33:将非尾端类(non-leaf classes)设计为抽象类(abstract classes) 258

Make non-leaf classes abstract.

条款34:如何在同一个程序中结合 C++ 和 C 270

Understand how to combine C++ and C in the same program.

条款35:让自己习惯于标准 C++ 语言 277

Familiarize yourself with the language standard.

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