基礎議題(Basics) 009
條款1:仔細差別 pointers 和 references 009
Distinguish between pointers and references.
條款2:最好使用 C++ 轉型操作符 012
Prefer C++-style casts.
條款3:絕對不要以多态(polymorphically)方式處理數組 016
Never treat arrays polymorphically.
條款4:非必要不提供 default constructor 019
Avoid gratuitous default constructors.
操作符(Operators) 024
條款5:對定制的“類型轉換函數”保持警覺 024
Be wary of user-defined conversion functions.
條款6:差別 increment/decrement 操作符的前置(prefix)和後置(postfix)形式 031
Distinguish between prefix and postfix forms of increment and decrement operators.
條款7:千萬不要重載&&,||和, 操作符 035
Never overload &&, ||, or ,.
條款8:了解各種不同意義的 new 和 delete 038
Understand the different meanings of new and delete
異常(Exceptions) 044
條款9:利用 destructors 避免洩漏資源 045
Use destructors to prevent resource leaks.
條款10:在 constructors 内阻止資源洩漏(resource leak) 050
Prevent resource leaks in constructors.
條款11:禁止異常(exceptions)流出 destructors 之外 058
Prevent exceptions from leaving destructors.
條款12:了解“抛出一個 exception”與“傳遞一個參數”或“調用一個虛函數”之間的差異 061
Understand how throwing an exception differs from passing a parameter or calling a virtual function.
條款13:以 by reference 方式捕捉 exceptions 068
Catch exceptions by reference.
條款14:明智運用 exception specifications 072
Use exception specifications judiciously.
條款15:了解異常處理(exception handling)的成本 078
Understand the costs of exception handling.
效率(Efficiency) 081
條款16:謹記 80-20 法則 082
Remember the 80-20 rule.
條款17:考慮使用 lazy evaluation(緩式評估) 085
Consider using lazy evaluation.
條款18:分期攤還預期的計算成本 093
Amortize the cost of expected computations.
條款19:了解臨時對象的來源 098
Understand the origin of temporary objects.
條款20:協助完成“傳回值優化(RVO)” 101
Facilitate the return value optimization.
條款21:利用重載技術(overload)避免隐式類型轉換(implict type conversions)105
Overload to avoid implicit type conversions.
條款22:考慮以操作符複合形式(op=)取代其獨身形式(op) 107
Consider using op= instead of stand-alone op.
條款23:考慮使用其他程式庫 110
Consider alternative libraries.
條款24:了解 virtual functions、multiple inheritance、virtual base classes、runtime type identification 的成本 113
Understand the costs of virtual functions, multiple inheritance, virtual base classes, and RTTI.
技術(Techniques, Idioms, Patterns) 123
條款25:将 constructor 和 non-member functions 虛化 123
Virtualizing constructors and non-member functions.
條款26:限制某個 class 所能産生的對象數量 130
Limiting the number of objects of a class.
條款27:要求(或禁止)對象産生于 heap 之中 145
Requiring or prohibiting heap-based objects.
條款28:Smart Pointers(智能指針) 159
Smart Pointers
條款29:Reference counting(引用計數) 183
Reference counting
條款30:Proxy classes(替身類、代理類) 213
Proxy classes
條款31:讓函數根據一個以上的對象類型來決定如何虛化 228
Making functions virtual with respect to more than one object.
雜項讨論(Miscellany) 252
條款32:在未來時态下發展程式 252
Program in the future tense.
條款33:将非尾端類(non-leaf classes)設計為抽象類(abstract classes) 258
Make non-leaf classes abstract.
條款34:如何在同一個程式中結合 C++ 和 C 270
Understand how to combine C++ and C in the same program.
條款35:讓自己習慣于标準 C++ 語言 277
Familiarize yourself with the language standard.
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