在docker中安装mysql详细攻略

一、安装mysql

1. 查询mysql

   docker search mysql

2. 下载需要的版本

   docker pull mysql:tag

   tag代表版本号，没有代表是lastest的
3. 根据镜像启动容器

   docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql01 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql

4. 查询mysql运行状态

   docker ps

   如果正常启动，就能查到如下结果

[[email protected] ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                               NAMES
b4b69c5e900f        mysql               "docker-entrypoint..."   34 minutes ago      Up 30 minutes       0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   mysql01
           

1. 连接数据库

   docker exec -it mysql01 bash

   那个***mysql01***是设置的容器名，执行完后进入到如下的界面

[[email protected] ~]# docker exec -it mysql01 bash
[email protected]:/# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.17 MySQL Community Server - GPL
           

1. 查看mysql是否正常启动

   show databases

mysql> show databases;  
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

           

出现上面的那个说明数据库已经正常启动

7. 在虚拟机外使用Navicate连接数据库可能会出现如下的异常

7.1. 查看用户信息

mysql> select host,user,plugin,authentication_string from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| host      | user             | plugin                | authentication_string                                                  |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| localhost | root             | mysql_native_password | *E6CC90B878B948C35E92B003C792C46C58C4AF40                              |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.session    | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
*z3uANJFSvbTEwhOS.Xi/Wbu7zgLBnxcUq4mjjz6uWSC |password | $A$005$xNK;^eO n"YNh.#LV
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

           

备注：host为 % 表示不限制ip localhost表示本机使用 plugin非mysql_native_password 则需要修改密码

7.2. 修改权限和用户密码

修改权限的命令：

ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'newpassword'

修改后再次查询：

select host,user,plugin,authentication_string from mysql.user;

+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| host      | user             | plugin                | authentication_string                                                  |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| localhost | root             | mysql_native_password | *E6CC90B878B948C35E92B003C792C46C58C4AF40                              |
| %         | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.session    | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
*z3uANJFSvbTEwhOS.Xi/Wbu7zgLBnxcUq4mjjz6uWSC |password | $A$005$xNK;^eO n"YNh.#LV
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
           

7.3. 如果还是没有连接上,很有可能是防火墙的问题，在防火墙上添加3306端口