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易筋SpringBoot 2.1 | 第十六篇:SpringBoot通过JDBC访问数据库说明常用的Bean注解JdbcTemplateSQL 批处理工程建立设置日志打印格式化ANSI创建表Foo插入一条记录创建Model创建FooDaoController插入数据,查询数据启动成功,查看单条操作数据批量操作数据Controller 调用批量操作数据启动成功,查看批量操作数据总结参考

写作时间:2019-08-15

Spring Boot: 2.1 ,JDK: 1.8, IDE: IntelliJ IDEA

说明

本文将实现JDBC单条操作数据库,批量操作数据库。所有的Spring JDBC 类分到四个packages里面:

  1. core – 核心接口和类。

    the core functionality of JDBC. Some of the important classes under this package include JdbcTemplate, SimpleJdbcInsert, SimpleJdbcCall and NamedParameterJdbcTemplate.

  2. datasource – 数据源相关的辅助类。

    utility classes to access a datasource. It also has various datasource implementations for testing JDBC code outside the Java EE container.

  3. object – 将基本的JDBC操作封装成对象。

    DB access in an object-oriented manner. It allows executing queries and returning the results as a business object. It also maps the query results between the columns and properties of business objects.

  4. support – 错误码等其它辅助工具。

    support classes for classes under core and object packages. E.g. provides the SQLException translation functionality.

常用的Bean注解

  1. @Component
  2. @Repository
  3. @Service
  4. @Controller
  5. @RestController

JdbcTemplate

  1. query
  2. queryForObject
  3. queryForList
  4. update
  5. execute

SQL 批处理

JdbcTemplate

batchUpdate
BatchPreparedStatementSeter

NamedParameterJdbcTemplate

batchUpdate
SqlParameterSourceUtils.createBatch

工程建立

参照教程【SpringBoot 2.1 | 第一篇:构建第一个SpringBoot工程】新建一个Spring Boot项目,名字叫demodbjdbc, 在目录

src/main/java/resources

下找到配置文件

application.properties

,重命名为

application.yml

在Dependency中选择

Developer Tools > Lombok

Web > Spring Web Starter

SQL > H2 DataBase / JDBC API

Ops > Spring Boot Actuator。

易筋SpringBoot 2.1 | 第十六篇:SpringBoot通过JDBC访问数据库说明常用的Bean注解JdbcTemplateSQL 批处理工程建立设置日志打印格式化ANSI创建表Foo插入一条记录创建Model创建FooDaoController插入数据,查询数据启动成功,查看单条操作数据批量操作数据Controller 调用批量操作数据启动成功,查看批量操作数据总结参考

设置日志打印格式化ANSI

ANSI - American National Standards Institute

Support classes to provide ANSI color output.

src > main > resources > application.yml
spring:
  output:
    ansi:
      enabled: always

           

创建表Foo

路径 src > main > resources > schema.sql

插入一条记录

路径 src > main > resources > data.sql

创建Model

com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.Foo
package com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc;

import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Data;

@Data
@Builder
public class Foo {
  private Long id;
  private String bar;
}

           

创建FooDao

com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao
package com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.SimpleJdbcInsert;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;

@Slf4j
@Repository
public class FooDao {
  @Autowired
  private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
  @Autowired
  private SimpleJdbcInsert simpleJdbcInsert;

  public void insertData() {
    Arrays.asList("b", "c").forEach(bar -> {
      jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO FOO (BAR) VALUES (?)", bar);
    });

    HashMap<String, String> row = new HashMap<>();
    row.put("BAR", "d");
    Number id = simpleJdbcInsert.executeAndReturnKey(row);
    log.info("ID of d: {}", id.longValue());
  }

  public void listData() {
    log.info("Count: {}", jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FOO", Long.class));

    List<String> list = jdbcTemplate.queryForList("SELECT BAR FROM FOO", String.class);
    list.forEach(s -> log.info("Bar: {}", s));

    List<Foo> fooList = jdbcTemplate.query("SELECT * FROM FOO", new RowMapper<Foo>() {
      @Override
      public Foo mapRow(ResultSet resultSet, int i) throws SQLException {
        return Foo.builder()
            .id(resultSet.getLong(1))
            .bar(resultSet.getString(2))
            .build();
      }
    });
    fooList.forEach(f -> log.info("Foo: {}", f));
  }
}

           

Controller插入数据,查询数据

com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.DemodbjdbcApplication
package com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.NamedParameterJdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.SimpleJdbcInsert;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

@SpringBootApplication
@Slf4j
public class DemodbjdbcApplication implements CommandLineRunner {
  @Autowired
  private FooDao fooDao;

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(DemodbjdbcApplication.class, args);
  }

  @Bean
  @Autowired
  public SimpleJdbcInsert simpleJdbcInsert(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
    return new SimpleJdbcInsert(jdbcTemplate)
        .withTableName("FOO").usingGeneratedKeyColumns("ID");
  }

  @Bean
  @Autowired
  public NamedParameterJdbcTemplate namedParameterJdbcTemplate(DataSource dataSource) {
    return new NamedParameterJdbcTemplate(dataSource);
  }

  @Override
  public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
    fooDao.insertData();
    fooDao.listData();
  }
}

           

启动成功,查看单条操作数据

com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : ID of d: 4
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Count: 4
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Bar: zgpeace
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Bar: b
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Bar: c
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Bar: d
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Foo: Foo(id=1, bar=zgpeace)
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Foo: Foo(id=2, bar=b)
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Foo: Foo(id=3, bar=c)
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Foo: Foo(id=4, bar=d)

           

批量操作数据

com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.BatchFooDao
package com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BatchPreparedStatementSetter;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.NamedParameterJdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.SqlParameterSourceUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@Repository
public class BatchFooDao {
  @Autowired
  private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
  @Autowired
  private NamedParameterJdbcTemplate namedParameterJdbcTemplate;

  public void batchInsert() {
    jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate("INSERT INTO FOO (BAR) VALUES (?)",
        new BatchPreparedStatementSetter() {
          @Override
          public void setValues(PreparedStatement preparedStatement, int i) throws SQLException {
            preparedStatement.setString(1, "b-" + i);
          }

          @Override
          public int getBatchSize() {
            return 2;
          }
        });

    List<Foo> list = new ArrayList<>();
    list.add(Foo.builder().id(100l).bar("b-100").build());
    list.add(Foo.builder().id(101l).bar("b-101").build());
    namedParameterJdbcTemplate
        .batchUpdate("INSERT INTO FOO (ID, BAR) VALUES (:id, :bar)",
            SqlParameterSourceUtils.createBatch(list));
  }
}

           

Controller 调用批量操作数据

com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.DemodbjdbcApplication 更新类如下内容
@Autowired
  private BatchFooDao batchFooDao;

  @Override
  public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
    //fooDao.insertData();
    batchFooDao.batchInsert();
    fooDao.listData();
  }

           

启动成功,查看批量操作数据

com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Count: 5
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Bar: zgpeace
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Bar: b-0
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Bar: b-1
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Bar: b-100
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Bar: b-101
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Foo: Foo(id=1, bar=zgpeace)
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Foo: Foo(id=2, bar=b-0)
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Foo: Foo(id=3, bar=b-1)
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Foo: Foo(id=100, bar=b-100)
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Foo: Foo(id=101, bar=b-101)

           

总结

恭喜你,学会了SpringBoot通过JDBC访问数据库。

代码下载:

https://github.com/zgpeace/Spring-Boot2.1/tree/master/db/demodbjdbc

参考

https://www.baeldung.com/spring-jdbc-jdbctemplate

https://github.com/geektime-geekbang/geektime-spring-family/tree/master/Chapter%202/simple-jdbc-demo