天天看点

用Java实现HTTP断点续传

用Java实现HTTP断点续传

(一)断点续传的原理

  其实断点续传的原理很简单,就是在Http的请求上和一般的下载有所不同而已。打个比方,浏览器请求服务器上的一个文时,所发出的请求如下:

  假设服务器域名为wwww.sjtu.edu.cn,文件名为down.zip。

GET /down.zip HTTP/1.1

Accept: image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/vnd.ms-

excel, application/msword, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, **; q=.2

  仔细看一下就会发现多了一行RANGE: bytes=2000070-;这一行的意思就是告诉服务器down.zip这个文件从2000070字节开始传,前面的字节不用传了。

  服务器收到这个请求以后,返回的信息如下:

206

Content-Length=106786028

Content-Range=bytes 2000070-106786027/106786028

Date=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:55:20 GMT

ETag=W/"02ca57e173c11:95b"

Content-Type=application/octet-stream

Server=Microsoft-IIS/5.0

Last-Modified=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:55:20 GMT

  和前面服务器返回的信息比较一下,就会发现增加了一行:

Content-Range=bytes 2000070-106786027/106786028

返回的代码也改为206了,而不再是200了。

  知道了以上原理,就可以进行断点续传的编程了。

(二)Java实现断点续传的关键几点

  (1)用什么方法实现提交RANGE: bytes=2000070-。

当然用最原始的Socket是肯定能完成的,不过那样太费事了,其实Java的net包中提供了这种功能。代码如下:

URL url = new URL(" http://www.sjtu.edu.cn/down.zip";;);

HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();

//设置User-Agent

httpConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","NetFox");

//设置断点续传的开始位置

httpConnection.setRequestProperty("RANGE","bytes=2000070");

//获得输入流

InputStream input = httpConnection.getInputStream();

  从输入流中取出的字节流就是down.zip文件从2000070开始的字节流。大家看,其实断点续传用Java实现起来还是很简单的吧。接下来要做的事就是怎么保存获得的流到文件中去了。

  保存文件采用的方法

  我采用的是IO包中的RandAccessFile类。

  操作相当简单,假设从2000070处开始保存文件,代码如下:

RandomAccess oSavedFile = new RandomAccessFile("down.zip","rw");

long nPos = 2000070;

//定位文件指针到nPos位置

oSavedFile.seek(nPos);

byte[] b = new byte[1024];

int nRead;

//从输入流中读入字节流,然后写到文件中

while((nRead=input.read(b,0,1024)) > 0)

{

 oSavedFile.write(b,0,nRead);

}

  接下来要做的就是整合成一个完整的程序了。包括一系列的线程控制等等。

(三)断点续传内核的实现

  主要用了6个类,包括一个测试类:

  SiteFileFetch.java负责整个文件的抓取,控制内部线程(FileSplitterFetch类)。

  FileSplitterFetch.java负责部分文件的抓取。

  FileAccess.java负责文件的存储。

  SiteInfoBean.java要抓取的文件的信息,如文件保存的目录,名字,抓取文件的URL等。

  Utility.java工具类,放一些简单的方法。

  TestMethod.java测试类。

下面是源程序:

*

**SiteFileFetch.java

*/

package NetFox;

import java.io.*;

import java.net.*;

public class SiteFileFetch extends Thread {

SiteInfoBean siteInfoBean = null; //文件信息Bean

long[] nStartPos; //开始位置

long[] nEndPos; //结束位置

FileSplitterFetch[] fileSplitterFetch; //子线程对象

long nFileLength; //文件长度

boolean bFirst = true; //是否第一次取文件

boolean bStop = false; //停止标志

File tmpFile; //文件下载的临时信息

DataOutputStream output; //输出到文件的输出流

public SiteFileFetch(SiteInfoBean bean) throws IOException

{

 siteInfoBean = bean;

 //tmpFile = File.createTempFile ("zhong","1111",new File(bean.getSFilePath()));

 tmpFile = new File(bean.getSFilePath()+File.separator + bean.getSFileName()+".info");

 if(tmpFile.exists ())

 {

  bFirst = false;

  read_nPos();

 }

 else

 {

  nStartPos = new long[bean.getNSplitter()];

  nEndPos = new long[bean.getNSplitter()];

 }

}

public void run()

{

 //获得文件长度

 //分割文件

 //实例FileSplitterFetch

 //启动FileSplitterFetch线程

 //等待子线程返回

 try{

  if(bFirst)

  {

   nFileLength = getFileSize();

   if(nFileLength == -1)

   {

    System.err.println("File Length is not known!");

   }

   else if(nFileLength == -2)

   {

    System.err.println("File is not access!");

   }

  else

  {

   for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)

   {

    nStartPos[i] = (long)(i*(nFileLength/nStartPos.length));

   }

   for(int i=0;i<nEndPos.length-1;i++)

   {

    nEndPos[i] = nStartPos[i+1];

   }

   nEndPos[nEndPos.length-1] = nFileLength;

  }

 }

 //启动子线程

 fileSplitterFetch = new FileSplitterFetch[nStartPos.length];

 for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)

 {

  fileSplitterFetch[i] = new FileSplitterFetch(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL(),

  siteInfoBean.getSFilePath() + File.separator + siteInfoBean.getSFileName(), nStartPos[i],nEndPos[i],i);

  Utility.log("Thread " + i + " , nStartPos = " + nStartPos[i] + ", nEndPos = " + nEndPos[i]);

  fileSplitterFetch[i].start();

 }

 // fileSplitterFetch[nPos.length-1] = new FileSplitterFetch(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL(),

 siteInfoBean.getSFilePath() + File.separator + siteInfoBean.getSFileName(),nPos[nPos.length-1],nFileLength,nPos.length-1);

 // Utility.log("Thread " + (nPos.length-1) + " , nStartPos = " + nPos[nPos.length-1] + ", nEndPos = " + nFileLength);

 // fileSplitterFetch[nPos.length-1].start();

 //等待子线程结束

 //int count = 0;

 //是否结束while循环

 boolean breakWhile = false;

 while(!bStop)

 {

  write_nPos();

  Utility.sleep(500);

  breakWhile = true;

  for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)

  {

   if(!fileSplitterFetch[i].bDownOver)

   {

    breakWhile = false;

    break;

   }

  }

  if(breakWhile)

   break;

  //count++;

  //if(count>4)

  // siteStop();

 }

 System.err.println("文件下载结束!");

}

catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}

}

//获得文件长度

public long getFileSize()

{

 int nFileLength = -1;

 try{

  URL url = new URL(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL());

  HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection ();

  httpConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","NetFox");

  int responseCode=httpConnection.getResponseCode();

  if(responseCode>=400)

  {

   processErrorCode(responseCode);

   return -2; //-2 represent access is error

  }

  String sHeader;

  for(int i=1;;i++)

  {

   //DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(httpConnection.getInputStream ());

   //Utility.log(in.readLine());

   sHeader=httpConnection.getHeaderFieldKey(i);

   if(sHeader!=null)

   {

    if(sHeader.equals("Content-Length"))

    {

     nFileLength = Integer.parseInt(httpConnection.getHeaderField(sHeader));

     break;

    }

   }

   else

   break;

  }

 }

 catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();}

 catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}

 Utility.log(nFileLength);

 return nFileLength;

}

//保存下载信息(文件指针位置)

private void write_nPos()

{

 try{

  output = new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(tmpFile));

  output.writeInt(nStartPos.length);

  for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)

  {

   // output.writeLong(nPos[i]);

   output.writeLong(fileSplitterFetch[i].nStartPos);

   output.writeLong(fileSplitterFetch[i].nEndPos);

  }

  output.close();

 }

 catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();}

 catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}

}

//读取保存的下载信息(文件指针位置)

private void read_nPos()

{

 try{

  DataInputStream input = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(tmpFile));

  int nCount = input.readInt();

  nStartPos = new long[nCount];

  nEndPos = new long[nCount];

  for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)

  {

   nStartPos[i] = input.readLong();

   nEndPos[i] = input.readLong();

  }

  input.close();

 }

 catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();}

 catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}

}

private void processErrorCode(int nErrorCode)

{

 System.err.println("Error Code : " + nErrorCode);

}

//停止文件下载

public void siteStop()

{

 bStop = true;

 for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)

  fileSplitterFetch[i].splitterStop();

}

}

package NetFox;

import java.io.*;

import java.net.*;

public class FileSplitterFetch extends Thread {

 String sURL; //File URL

 long nStartPos; //File Snippet Start Position

 long nEndPos; //File Snippet End Position

 int nThreadID; //Thread's ID

 boolean bDownOver = false; //Downing is over

 boolean bStop = false; //Stop identical

 FileAccessI fileAccessI = null; //File Access interface

 public FileSplitterFetch(String sURL,String sName,long nStart,long nEnd,int id) throws IOException

 {

  this.sURL = sURL;

  this.nStartPos = nStart;

  this.nEndPos = nEnd;

  nThreadID = id;

  fileAccessI = new FileAccessI(sName,nStartPos);

 }

public void run()

{

 while(nStartPos < nEndPos && !bStop)

 {

  try{

   URL url = new URL(sURL);

   HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection ();

   httpConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","NetFox");

   String sProperty = "bytes="+nStartPos+"-";

   httpConnection.setRequestProperty("RANGE",sProperty);

   Utility.log(sProperty);

   InputStream input = httpConnection.getInputStream();

   //logResponseHead(httpConnection);

   byte[] b = new byte[1024];

   int nRead;

   while((nRead=input.read(b,0,1024)) > 0 && nStartPos < nEndPos && !bStop)

   {

    nStartPos += fileAccessI.write(b,0,nRead);

    //if(nThreadID == 1)

    // Utility.log("nStartPos = " + nStartPos + ", nEndPos = " + nEndPos);

   }

   Utility.log("Thread " + nThreadID + " is over!");

   bDownOver = true;

   //nPos = fileAccessI.write (b,0,nRead);

  }

  catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}

 }

}

//打印回应的头信息

public void logResponseHead(HttpURLConnection con)

{

 for(int i=1;;i++)

 {

  String header=con.getHeaderFieldKey(i);

  if(header!=null)

   //responseHeaders.put(header,httpConnection.getHeaderField(header));

   Utility.log(header+" : "+con.getHeaderField(header));

  else

   break;

 }

}

public void splitterStop()

{

 bStop = true;

}

}

package NetFox;

import java.io.*;

public class FileAccessI implements Serializable{

 RandomAccessFile oSavedFile;

 long nPos;

 public FileAccessI() throws IOException

 {

  this("",0);

 }

 public FileAccessI(String sName,long nPos) throws IOException

 {

  oSavedFile = new RandomAccessFile(sName,"rw");

  this.nPos = nPos;

  oSavedFile.seek(nPos);

 }

 public synchronized int write(byte[] b,int nStart,int nLen)

 {

  int n = -1;

  try{

   oSavedFile.write(b,nStart,nLen);

   n = nLen;

  }

  catch(IOException e)

  {

   e.printStackTrace ();

  }

  return n;

 }

}

package NetFox;

public class SiteInfoBean {

 private String sSiteURL; //Site's URL

 private String sFilePath; //Saved File's Path

 private String sFileName; //Saved File's Name

 private int nSplitter; //Count of Splited Downloading File

 public SiteInfoBean()

 {

  //default value of nSplitter is 5

  this("","","",5);

 }

 public SiteInfoBean(String sURL,String sPath,String sName,int nSpiltter)

 {

  sSiteURL= sURL;

  sFilePath = sPath;

  sFileName = sName;

  this.nSplitter = nSpiltter;

 }

 public String getSSiteURL()

 {

  return sSiteURL;

 }

 public void setSSiteURL(String value)

 {

  sSiteURL = value;

 }

 public String getSFilePath()

 {

  return sFilePath;

 }

 public void setSFilePath(String value)

 {

  sFilePath = value;

 }

 public String getSFileName()

 {

  return sFileName;

 }

 public void setSFileName(String value)

 {

  sFileName = value;

 }

 public int getNSplitter()

 {

  return nSplitter;

 }

 public void setNSplitter(int nCount)

 {

  nSplitter = nCount;

 }

}

package NetFox;

public class Utility {

 public Utility()

 {

 }

 public static void sleep(int nSecond)

 {

  try{

   Thread.sleep(nSecond);

  }

 catch(Exception e)

 {

  e.printStackTrace ();

 } 

}

public static void log(String sMsg)

{

 System.err.println(sMsg);

}

public static void log(int sMsg)

{

 System.err.println(sMsg);

}

}

package NetFox;

public class TestMethod {

 public TestMethod()

 { ///xx/weblogic60b2_win.exe

  try{

SiteInfoBean bean = new SiteInfoBean("http://localhost/xx/weblogic60b2_win.exe";;,"L:/temp","weblogic60b2_win.exe",5);

   //SiteInfoBean bean = new SiteInfoBean("   http://localhost:8080/down.zip";;,"L:/temp","weblogic60b2_win.exe",5);

   SiteFileFetch fileFetch = new SiteFileFetch(bean);

   fileFetch.start();

  }

  catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}

 }

 public static void main(String[] args)

 {

  new TestMethod();

 }

}