《经济学人》双语：好莱坞传奇，奥斯卡终身成就奖获得者
原文标题：
Hollywood legends
The defiant one
Sidney Poitier was a trailblazing hero of cinema
好莱坞传奇
公然叫板的人
西德尼·波蒂埃是电影界的开路英雄
It was hard for any viewer to look away from Sidney Poitier
Or down on him
观众很难把视线从西德尼·波蒂埃身上移开
或轻视他
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HE SHOWED THE world that black actors could be Hollywood heroes.
他向世界表明，黑人演员也可以演好莱坞英雄。
In films such as “To Sir, With Love”, “Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner” and “In the Heat of the Night”, all released in 1967, Sir Sidney Poitier was not a loyal sidekick or a servant.
在几部1967年放映的电影中，比如《吾爱吾师》，《猜猜谁来吃晚餐》，《炎热的夏夜》，西德尼·波蒂埃爵士扮演地不是忠诚的助手或仆人。
He was a blisteringly handsome, nuanced and charismatic leading man.
他是一个非常英俊、细致入微、极具魅力的男主角。
His talent, elegance and class made him a superstar, and, in 1964, they made him the first ever black actor to win an Academy Award for a leading role, in “Lilies of the Field”.
他的才华，优雅和风度使他成为了一个超级巨星，1964年，凭借《原野百合花》，他成为了第一个获得奥斯卡最佳男主角的黑人演员。
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Many in the film industry and beyond revered him as a trailblazer who refused to play any part that might reflect badly on black people.
电影界内外的许多人都将他尊为一位开拓者，因为他拒绝扮演任何可能有损黑人形象的角色。
A few critics called him bland and ingratiating.
一些批评家称他乏味且曲意逢迎。
In the New York Times in 1967 Clifford Mason defined his benign on-screen persona as “a good guy in a totally white world…helping the white man solve the white man’s problem”.
1967年，克利福德·梅森在《纽约时报》中将他和蔼的银幕形象定义为“在一个完全白人的世界里，帮助白人解决白人问题的好人。”
But no one could mistake the determination and skill it took for Sir Sidney, who died last week at the age of 94, to become Hollywood’s exemplar of African-American dignity.
但没有人会误解西德尼爵士的决心和演技。他的决心是成为好莱坞非裔美国人尊严的典范。（西德尼上周去世，享年94岁。）
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Born in 1927, he was the seventh child of farmers who grew tomatoes in the Bahamas.
他出生于1927年，是巴哈马群岛西红柿种植户的第七个孩子。
At 15 his parents sent him to live in Miami; the following year he moved to New York, where he worked on his diction by listening to radio announcers, and improved his literacy by poring over newspapers with a kind Jewish waiter at the restaurant where he washed dishes.
15岁时，父母将他送往迈阿密生活；第二年他搬去了纽约，他通过听电台播音员的标准声音来提高自己的吐字发音能力；并且在洗盘子的餐馆，他跟着一个善良的犹太服务生一起研读报纸来提高自己的读写能力。
He joined the American Negro Theatre, and by the time he was cast in his first film, “No Way Out” (1950), he was as authoritative as any actor of any background, with a fiery glare, an imposing physical presence, exquisite poise and a penetrating voice.
他加入了美国黑人剧院，出演了他的第一部电影，《无路可走》（1950年），他和任何背景出身的演员一样有威信，目光炽烈，仪表堂堂，姿态优雅，声音锐利。
It was hard for any viewer to look away from him, or down on him.
任何观众都无法将视线从他身上移开，或者轻视他。
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Most of his films tackled racism.
他大部分的电影都涉及种族主义问题。
In the 1950s they included “Cry, the Beloved Country”, the filming of which let him see South African apartheid first-hand (he later played Nelson Mandela in a made-for-television biopic); “Blackboard Jungle”, a seminal rock ’n’ roll high-school drama; and “Porgy and Bess”, Otto Preminger’s film of George Gershwin’s musical.
20世纪50年代，《非洲的愤怒》让他亲眼目睹了南非的种族隔离(他后来在一部电视传记片中饰演纳尔逊·曼德拉)；《黑板丛林》，一部影响深远的高中摇滚剧；《波基与贝斯》，由奥托·普雷明格执导的乔治·格什温的音乐剧。
In “The Defiant Ones”, his chain-gang fugitive was manacled to a southern bigot played by Tony Curtis. Both were nominated for Oscars.
在《挣脱锁链》中，他所扮演的苦命逃亡者和托尼·柯蒂斯扮演的南方偏执狂铐在一起。两名演员都获得了奥斯卡奖提名。
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Still, the criticisms hurt. Tired of being a figurehead, Sir Sidney switched to lighter comic roles in the 1970s and directed several raucous comedies; “Stir Crazy” (1980) was his biggest hit.
尽管如此，批评毕竟还是很伤人。厌倦了做有名无实的人物，西德尼爵士在20世纪70年代转向了轻松的喜剧角色，并执导了几部热闹的喜剧；《油腔滑调》是他最成功的作品。
Knighted in 1974, he took a decade-long break from acting in his 50s, returning to the screen all too rarely afterwards.
1974年，他被授予爵士勋章，50多岁开始，他息影了十年，此后也很少返回大银幕。
But he had already achieved as much as anyone in Hollywood history.
但他已经取得了好莱坞历史上任何一个人都没有的成就。
It wasn’t until 2002 that a second black star, Denzel Washington, received an Oscar for his performance in a leading role.
直到2002年，第二位黑人影星丹泽尔·华盛顿才凭借其在影片中男主角的出色表现获得奥斯卡奖。
On the same evening, Mr Washington presented Sir Sidney with an honorary award for his extraordinary life’s work.
同一天晚上，华盛顿先生向西德尼爵士颁发了代表终身成就的荣誉奖章，以表彰他非凡的一生。
（恭喜读完，本篇英语词汇量551左右）
原文出自：2022年1月15日《The Economist》Books and arts版块。
精读笔记来源于：自由英语之路
本文翻译整理：Fei Min
本文编辑校对: Irene
仅供个人英语学习交流使用。
【补充资料】（来源于百科）
【重点句子】（3个）
He was a blisteringly handsome, nuanced and charismatic leading man.
Many in the film industry and beyond revered him as a trailblazer who refused to play any part that might reflect badly on black people.
But he had already achieved as much as anyone in Hollywood history.
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