Trie(发音类似 "try")或者说 前缀树 是一种树形数据结构,用于高效地存储和检索字符串数据集中的键。这一数据结构有相当多的应用情景,例如自动补完和拼写检查。
请你实现 Trie 类:
Trie() 初始化前缀树对象。
void insert(String word) 向前缀树中插入字符串 word 。
boolean search(String word) 如果字符串 word 在前缀树中,返回 true(即,在检索之前已经插入);否则,返回 false 。
boolean startsWith(String prefix) 如果之前已经插入的字符串 word 的前缀之一为 prefix ,返回 true ;否则,返回 false 。
示例:
输入
["Trie", "insert", "search", "search", "startsWith", "insert", "search"]
[[], ["apple"], ["apple"], ["app"], ["app"], ["app"], ["app"]]
输出
[null, null, true, false, true, null, true]
解释
Trie trie = new Trie();
trie.insert("apple");
trie.search("apple"); // 返回 True
trie.search("app"); // 返回 False
trie.startsWith("app"); // 返回 True
trie.insert("app");
trie.search("app"); // 返回 True
提示:
1 <= word.length, prefix.length <= 2000
word 和 prefix 仅由小写英文字母组成
insert、search 和 startsWith 调用次数 总计 不超过 3 * 104 次
/**
* Initialize your data structure here.
*/
var NodeTree = function(val) {
this.val = val || null;
this.children = {}
}
var Trie = function() {
this.Tree = new NodeTree();
};
/**
* Inserts a word into the trie.
* @param {string} word
* @return {void}
*/
Trie.prototype.insert = function(word) {
let now = this.Tree;
for(let i = 0; i < word.length; i++) {
now = (now.children[word[i]] || (now.children[word[i]] = new NodeTree(word[i])));
}
now.children['end'] = new TreeNode('end') // 结束标记
};
/**
* Returns if the word is in the trie.
* @param {string} word
* @return {boolean}
*/
Trie.prototype.search = function(word) {
let now = this.Tree;
for (let i = 0; i < word.length; i++) {
now = now.children[word[i]]
if (!now) {
return false
}
}
return !!now.children['end']
};
/**
* Returns if there is any word in the trie that starts with the given prefix.
* @param {string} prefix
* @return {boolean}
*/
Trie.prototype.startsWith = function(prefix) {
let now = this.Tree;
for (let i = 0; i < prefix.length; i++) {
now = now.children[prefix[i]]
if (!now) {
return false
}
}
return true
};
/**
* Your Trie object will be instantiated and called as such:
* var obj = new Trie()
* obj.insert(word)
* var param_2 = obj.search(word)
* var param_3 = obj.startsWith(prefix)
*/