Trie(發音類似 "try")或者說 字首樹 是一種樹形資料結構,用于高效地存儲和檢索字元串資料集中的鍵。這一資料結構有相當多的應用情景,例如自動補完和拼寫檢查。
請你實作 Trie 類:
Trie() 初始化字首樹對象。
void insert(String word) 向字首樹中插入字元串 word 。
boolean search(String word) 如果字元串 word 在字首樹中,傳回 true(即,在檢索之前已經插入);否則,傳回 false 。
boolean startsWith(String prefix) 如果之前已經插入的字元串 word 的字首之一為 prefix ,傳回 true ;否則,傳回 false 。
示例:
輸入
["Trie", "insert", "search", "search", "startsWith", "insert", "search"]
[[], ["apple"], ["apple"], ["app"], ["app"], ["app"], ["app"]]
輸出
[null, null, true, false, true, null, true]
解釋
Trie trie = new Trie();
trie.insert("apple");
trie.search("apple"); // 傳回 True
trie.search("app"); // 傳回 False
trie.startsWith("app"); // 傳回 True
trie.insert("app");
trie.search("app"); // 傳回 True
提示:
1 <= word.length, prefix.length <= 2000
word 和 prefix 僅由小寫英文字母組成
insert、search 和 startsWith 調用次數 總計 不超過 3 * 104 次
/**
* Initialize your data structure here.
*/
var NodeTree = function(val) {
this.val = val || null;
this.children = {}
}
var Trie = function() {
this.Tree = new NodeTree();
};
/**
* Inserts a word into the trie.
* @param {string} word
* @return {void}
*/
Trie.prototype.insert = function(word) {
let now = this.Tree;
for(let i = 0; i < word.length; i++) {
now = (now.children[word[i]] || (now.children[word[i]] = new NodeTree(word[i])));
}
now.children['end'] = new TreeNode('end') // 結束标記
};
/**
* Returns if the word is in the trie.
* @param {string} word
* @return {boolean}
*/
Trie.prototype.search = function(word) {
let now = this.Tree;
for (let i = 0; i < word.length; i++) {
now = now.children[word[i]]
if (!now) {
return false
}
}
return !!now.children['end']
};
/**
* Returns if there is any word in the trie that starts with the given prefix.
* @param {string} prefix
* @return {boolean}
*/
Trie.prototype.startsWith = function(prefix) {
let now = this.Tree;
for (let i = 0; i < prefix.length; i++) {
now = now.children[prefix[i]]
if (!now) {
return false
}
}
return true
};
/**
* Your Trie object will be instantiated and called as such:
* var obj = new Trie()
* obj.insert(word)
* var param_2 = obj.search(word)
* var param_3 = obj.startsWith(prefix)
*/