Invited Li Bai to the Han Dynasty to pay homage to Zhang Pingzi

Song Yunqi

Through the ancient poem "Nandu Xing", I met Li Bai and met. Although, he was born more than 1,200 years before me, but because of his love for Nanyang, we both became close friends in the next life.

Sweep away the smoke and dust of history and trace the life of Li Bai: his ancestral home was in the western region, and he was born in the Sichuan-Shu River. Little and clever, knowledgeable and strong, exported into chapters, and written poems. Adolescent sword warrior tour, enjoy the great rivers and mountains of China. At the age of 27, he married the granddaughter of former prime minister Xu Yuanshi in Anlu, Hubei Province. Three years later, he began to pursue the name of meritorious service. After that, he suffered a lot, several ups and downs, and finally could not be bound by the officialdom, abandoned his fame and became a "poetry immortal".

As quoted in the above biography, it is only for the purpose of stating here: Li Bai left home to chase his meritorious name, and later several ups and downs, to the capital Chang'an and from Chang'an to his home, he must pass through Wuguan Road, Fangcheng Road, Sanya Road and Wanxiang Road, passing through the ancient city of Nanyang. Because of this, the great poet had the experience of staying in Nandu five times, and successively wrote more than a dozen poems praising the scenery of Nanyang and the thick humanities.

Dive into the depths of history, standing at the head of Nanyang City in 730 AD, far away to see Li Bai in his youth, hua Zhengmao, crowned with long clothes, all the way to poetry, fighting swords, on the way from Anlu to Chang'an, the first time he came to Nanyang, he was touched by the beautiful scenery of Nanyang, the thick and long culture and the historical figures of the splendid smoke, so he splashed ink and wrote several chapters such as "Nandu Xing", "You Nanyang Baishui Dengshi Jizuo", "Nanyang Qingling Spring" and so on. "Wanderers come from the southeast, and they are from the capital country." Drifting out of the heartless clouds, suddenly returning to the northwest. "Towards the white water source, temporarily alienated from people." The island is beautiful, and Jiang Tianhan is empty. "Pity the sunset, love this cold spring clear." Xihui flows water and ripples of wandering feelings. The empty song looks at the clouds and the moon, and the song is long and loose. ”......

In the next two years, Li Bai roamed and wandered in Chang'an, making friends with a wide range of literary friends, but he had no way to enter the army, and in 732 he returned to Anlu with great sorrow and passed through Nanyang again. Meet your friend Cui Zongzhi. Cui accompanies his white water to admire the moon, the dushan fern picking, the Jutan galloping horse, indulging in wine and drinking for a long time, and dispelling sorrows. And gave a white Confucius instrument to cherish the friendship. After The death of Cui Zong's illness, Li Bai painfully and poemed "Remembering Cui Lang Zhongzong's Tour of Nanyang Left Behind My Confucius Ziqin, Fu Zhi Suddenly Felt Old": "Once in Nanyang City, only the meal was a mountain fern." Memories and Cui Zongzhi, Baishui Lane Su Yue. When passing by the Jutan, there is no rest in indulgence. ...... Once the jade tree is destroyed, life and death are uncertain. Leave me Confucius Qin, and the qin has died. Who spread the Guangling scattered, but wept the mountain bones. "The sorrow of the pain in the heart penetrates the back of the paper...

In the spring of the next two years, Li Bai accompanied Cui Zongzhi back to Luoluo, and after passing through Nanyang, he said goodbye to the wine with Cui and wrote two famous poems, "Sending Guests in Nanyang" and "Sending Friends", to show deep friendship. Among them, "Send a Friend" is the most wonderful: "Qingshan crosses the north of Guo, and white water surrounds the East City." This place is different, lonely and lonely. Floating clouds wandering, sunset old people.) Waving his hand away, Xiao Xiao Ban Ma Ming. "It has been praised by posterity as the best song of narrative friendship and the first of the five laws structure."

In the following years, Li Bai continued to wander in Chang'an, making friends with politicians and literary friends in order to seek fame and fame, and successively became acquainted with Princess Yuzhen, who was ordained as a female Taoist priest, and He Zhizhang, a guest of the crown prince, a waiter of the Ministry of Works, and a doctor of Guanglu. He was amazed at his talent and asked Bai Yue: Are you too platinum to be a mortal? He called him "Who Immortal". Li Bai had just entered the palace curtain. In 740, on the way back to Anlu to move his home to Donglu, he passed through Nanyang for the fourth time, and wrote "Three Songs of Difficulty in Walking", etc., issuing the feeling of "Difficult to walk, return to come".

Li Bai's fifth visit to Nanyang was in 742, and at the request of the Fangcheng Xianweng Guan Daoist Yuan Danqiu, he came here to discuss the Tao and talk about Xuan, and there are poems such as "Talking about XuanZuo with Yuan Danqiu Fangcheng Temple" and so on.

The great poet Li Bai passed through Wanwan five times and left more than ten magnificent poems. However, the most popular and relished by Nanyang people is his "Nandu Xing":

Nandu Xin Jiali, Wu Que Heng Xi Guan. White water real people live, Wanshang Luo Xuan,

The tall buildings are against Zi Mo, and the first one is even green mountain. This place is full of heroes and heroes, and it is unattainable.

Tao Zhu and Wu Zhen, the name is sown in the heavens. Lihua xiu jade color, Han female petite Zhu Yan.

The song curbs the clouds, and the dance has more leisure. Travel to Sheng Wanluo, and the crown cover returns with the wind.

Walk the horse Hongyang City, Huying White River Bay. Who knows the Crouching Dragon, long groans and melancholy sideburns.

Reading Li Bai's poems, I can't help but be proud of Nanyang's good mountains and rivers and the spirit of the earth, and sigh for the poet's exquisite depiction talent! However, in addition to sighing, it is also inevitable that Li Bai has a trace of suspicion of the beads of slander: in the "Nandu Xing", the poet praises Liu Xiu, Yin Lihua, Shang sheng Fan Li, Wu Qi dafu BaiLi Xi, and Zhi Sheng Zhuge Liang, but does not mention Ke Sheng Zhang Heng and medical saint Zhang Zhongjing. Why?

Is he unaware of these two Nanyang people? Non also! At least Li Bai knew Zhang Heng and had read Zhang Heng's Nandu Fu, because his Nandu Xing was completely derived from Zhang Heng's Nan Du Fu. Was it that he didn't know about the cemetery of Ke Sheng and The Doctor Saint? Nor is it. Because poets earlier or later than Li Bai have visited Zhang Heng's tomb and left nostalgic poems. For example, Zhang Heng's friend and calligrapher Cui Yan, the Jin Dynasty literary scholar Xiahou Zhan, the early Tang poet Luo Binwang before Li Bai, and the late Tang poet Zheng Gu later than Li Bai. Among them, Luo Binwang's "Tomb of Zhang Pingzi" wrote: "Xi'e should be rational, and Nanyang is good at deyin." Yu Jie is impetuous and beautiful, and the copper is deeply thoughtful. Therefore, to say that Li Bai did not know Zhang Heng's tomb should be untenable.

So what is the reason that Li Bai neglected to miss Kesheng and Medical Sheng? Privately, I think this is the result of the concept of "learning and excelling" in his bones. Li Bai called himself a "poetry immortal", but when he was young, he was not "immortal", but like a traditional Chinese literati, with the ambition of "ruling the world at the same time as entering, and being alone in retreating", he longed to enter the army and make meritorious contributions to the government. In order to achieve this goal, he traveled to Kyoto for a long time, made friends with powerful people, and later after repeatedly recommended by Princess Yuzhen and He Zhizhang, he was appreciated by Emperor Xuanzong, and he was promoted to enshrine Hanlin, staying by his side to write poems and lyrics, and accompanying the imperial court magnates and the harem empress dowager to find fun! However, with Li Bai's wild and uninhibited personality, is this the life he wants? So after the opposite happened and the troubles were terrible, he began to break the jar and break it: he often drank drunk and drunkenly, and did not go to the court; Xuanzong asked him to write poems, he actually let Yang Guifei grind, And gaolishi lifted boots... Soon, resentment grew, and Emperor Xuanzong began to get tired of him, so he "gave the gift money back to the mountains and forests." Li Bai, who returned to a state of freedom, let go at will and gradually became a real "poetry immortal".

Thinking of it this way, when Li Bai came to Nanyang several times, it was precisely when he pursued the ambition to become an official, and naturally praised Liu Xiu and Empress Yin, who had supreme power, Fan Li, who had helped the King of Yue to destroy Wu, Kong Ming, who supported Liu Bei's three worlds, and Bai Lixi, a qin state heavy minister who had three sheepskins, and Zhang Heng, who was not high in official position, could only fiddle with the ground and wait for the wind, and Zhang Zhongjing, who was a taishou, but who disregarded the official body and practiced medicine for the people in the yamen lobby, must have some disdain, at least a little disdainful, right? Therefore, in "Nandu Xing", it is natural to inadvertently omit the "Two Saints" - Kesheng Zhang Heng and Medical Saint Zhang Zhongjing?

In addition, I also feel that Li Bai's "Nandu Xing" is not as exquisite and colorful as Zhang Heng's "Nandu Fu". Please see Zhang Heng's "Nandu Fu" depicting the Nanyang Street Market in the Han Dynasty: "Its treasure is precious, then the golden color jade pu, with the pearl night light." Copper tin lead kai, ochre chalk yellow. Green purple, green and purple millet. Taiyi surplus grain, medium yellow jade. Matsuko Shinpi, Red Spirit Unraveling Horn. The cultivator Yang Guang is in the abyss of Qingling, and the wandering girl is in the song of Han Gao. It is completely better than Li Bai's "Nandu Xing".

Of course, these differences in the two articles have their objective reasons: First, Zhang Heng is a Nanyang native and has a subtle understanding of the ancient city of Nanyang; Li Bai is a passerby, just a sloppy flower, a little superficial feeling. Second, in the Eastern Han Dynasty, where Zhang Heng was located, Nanyang was the capital of luoyang, one of the largest metropolises in the country, and its prosperity and magnificence were unprecedented; while the Nanyang that Li Bai saw was experienced by the Three Kingdoms of Shu and Wei killing each other, several battles, and the war and damage of the Jin and Sui dynasties, and the prosperity of the Han Dynasty was long gone, at least the prosperity was not as good as before. So you can't blame Li Bai all!

The branches of the thoughts spread out, and returned to the ancient poem "Nandu Xing". Li Bai was waiting for me in the poem. I then asked Shi Xian: You like so many Nanyang people in your poems, how did you miss Kesheng Zhang Heng and Medical Saint Zhang Zhongjing? He looked up at me, trying to say something and stopping, as if he could not explain. I said: Do you think that they are not as big as those few officials, and their political achievements are not as many as those few, so they neglect the omissions of the two people? Li Bai blushed, then nodded and said yes.

I would like to say to Li Bai: Although Zhang Heng and Zhang Zhongjing are not as good or as those officials, Zhang Heng is rejuvenating the country through science and education, and his scientific inventions transcend time and space and have indelible significance. Although Zhang Zhongjing did not observe the official body, he practiced medicine all his life to eliminate diseases, created and wrote the "Treatise on Typhoid Fever", saved all the people from water and fire, and his meritorious achievements will be recorded in the annals of history forever. In order for you to re-recognize the "Two Saints", I am very willing to accompany you back to the Han Dynasty, go to Nanyang at that time, take a look, and by the way pay respects to Zhang Heng and Zhang Zhongjing, listen to their words, observe their deeds, and believe that you will deeply understand them. At the same time, it also enjoyed the beautiful scenery of Nanyang when it was at its most prosperous. Then rewrite "Nandu Xing", which must be another interesting and vivid appearance!

These words I said after that were originally meant to be ridiculous. Unexpectedly, Li Bai took it seriously, and immediately got up and was invited to sneak back to the Han Dynasty with me, pay respects to Zhang Heng and Zhang Zhongjing, and enjoy the most beautiful scenery of the ancient city of Nanyang. A gentleman's word, the horse is difficult to chase. How can I repent of my words when my words have been spoken? Can only accompany the "shi xian" to the Han Dynasty...

At this point, it was time to stop. Finally, I write this small article, the purpose of which is to borrow the icing on the cake of the great poet Li Bai and his famous poem "Nandu Xing" to express an infinite admiration and high respect for Zhang Heng and Zhang Zhongjing, the medical saint!