Qianjiang Evening News Hourly News Reporter Shen Menghe Correspondent Shou Tinger Dai Xinyi Zhu Zhangjin/Wen Ni Yanqiang/Photo
This year, with the popularity of the TV series "The Age of Awakening", we relive the magnificent historical picture from the New Culture Movement, the May Fourth Movement to the establishment of the Communist Party of China. Some attentive viewers also found the imprint left by a middle school in Zhejiang Province - Chen Wangdao, the translator of the first Chinese full translation of the Communist Manifesto, Yu Xiusong and Shi Cuntong, members of the Shanghai founding group of the Communist Party of China, Lu Xun, an important participant in the New Culture Movement, Qian Xuantong and Shen Yinmo, professors of Peking University, Tang Erhe, president of Beijing Medical College... Both studied or worked at Hangzhou Senior High School.
A "Age of Awakening" is also an important reference for tracing the history of Hanggao Red.
Hanggao students perform the drama "Chen Wangdao"
A play: drama "Chen Wangdao" and Hanggao students
After more than a hundred years of time, when the familiar figure reappeared in front of us, the calendar was frozen on June 24, 2021.
At 6 o'clock in the evening of this day, the playground of The Gongxue District of Hangzhou Senior High School was full, and the exhibition and performance activities of Hangzhou Gongshu District to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Party were held here. A group of energetic Hanggao students are performing the drama "Chen Wangdao" on stage.
The stage was restored to the appearance of the Chen family's chai room, and Chen Wangdao was comparing the translation of the Communist Manifesto at the table. The mother knocked on the door with a basket in her hand: "You have to add brown sugar water to eat rice dumplings, have you eaten it?" He replied inside: "Eat it, it's very sweet." "But there was a thick ink stain on the mouth...
Chen Wangdao, a famous educator, rhetorician, and linguist in China, went to Japan to study in his early years, and after returning to China in 1919, he served as a language teacher during the period of the First Division of Hanggao Province, advocated vernacular and new culture, guided students Shi Cuntong and others to found magazines such as "Zhejiang New Wave", disseminated socialist ideas, participated in the "One Division Trend" that shocked the whole country, and translated the "Communist Manifesto".
This scene on stage comes from one of his allusions: the taste of truth is sweet.
Before several student actors took the stage, they all listened to Zhou Xiaofeng, a history teacher and director of the school history museum, take this lesson.
After the October Revolution, some progressive scholars in Japan translated and introduced Marxism. At that time, Chen Wangdao was still called Chen Sanyi, and he was studying in Japan to explore ways to save the country and save the people. In January 1919, he first published an article in the New Youth under the pseudonym "Chen Wangdao", implying the exploration of a new revolutionary road.
After the outbreak of the May Fourth Movement, Chen Wangdao returned to China and went to Zhejiang Provincial First Normal School (the predecessor of Hanggao) the following month as a language teacher. Together with Liu Dabai, Xia Junzun, Li Cijiu and other language teachers, he promoted the reform of Chinese language teaching, advocated the vernacular language, and spread new culture.
Soon, proficient in English, Japanese, and rhetoric, and with a deep understanding of Marxism, he received a major task—translating the Communist Manifesto. In the eyes of Chinese intellectuals at that time, the Communist Manifesto was almost synonymous with Marxism, and at that time China did not have a full Chinese translation of the Communist Manifesto. Although it is very difficult, Chen Wangdao is duty-bound.
In February 1920, he returned to his home in Yiwu Fenshuitang, Zhejiang Province, and lived alone in the old mansion that had long been used as a firewood house, and began to translate the Japanese and English versions sent by Chen Duxiu and others from Shanghai.
Chen Wangdao put the paving board on two long benches, both as a table to translate books and as a bed to sleep, because the translator was too focused and devoted, and also used the ink as sugar water, which gave rise to the saying that "truth is sweet". After "five times the effort of the usual translation", the first Chinese full translation of the Communist Manifesto was finally born.
For China at the time, the book was of great significance, bringing direction and hope to the pioneers of exploration in the dark. The Communist Manifesto has nourished generations of Chinese Communists, and its influence has been far-reaching.
A history: "a division of the wind tide" see the wind bone
The screenwriter of this stage is Wang Fangzheng, a 2016 graduate of Hanggao, who is now a graduate student majoring in theater directing. As a graduate of Hanggao University, Mr. Wang is naturally no stranger to Chen Wangdao, a language teacher. "But to convert the content of school history into stage language, it is necessary to add more historical details and then integrate reasonable scene imagination." He chose two classic shots of Chen Wangdao's life: ink as sugar, and the "one-master trend" to stand up and protect students.
Taking advantage of the rehearsal gap, teacher Zhou Xiaofeng led the student actors to find feelings on campus, from the History Museum of Hangzhou University, the copied Zhejiang First Normal School card to the "First Division Trend" monument, while walking and attending classes.
Between the two teaching buildings, the school sign of "Zhejiang Provincial First Normal School" is very eye-catching. Teacher Zhou told the students that this was written by the then principal Jing Hengyi himself. The reason why the students who came out of this school door can lead the first generation of customs and change from "small me" to "big me" is inseparable from jing Hengyi, the head of this campus for 10 years and a famous educator who advocates "personality education". He advocated "taking the realization of personality as the basis for social development" Under such an atmosphere, the students of the First Division read progressive books and periodicals, founded progressive periodicals, and publicized new ideas and new cultures.
Zhou Xiaofeng is telling the student actors about the "one-division trend"
In November 1919, Yu Xiusong, Shi Cuntong, and other students of the First Division of Zhejiang founded a weekly magazine to publicize Marxism, "Zhejiang New Wave". Under the influence of Chen Wangdao and other teachers, Shi Cuntong published an article opposing the feudal family system in Zhejiang Xinchao, "Non-filial Piety", which was regarded as a "flood beast" by the conservative forces, and "Zhejiang New Wave" was immediately banned. At that time, the Provincial Department of Education ordered the school to expel Shi Cuntong and dismiss the teachers, but the principal Jing Hengyi categorically refused.
On February 9, 1920, taking advantage of the winter vacation of the school, the reactionary authorities dismissed Jing Hengyi from the post of principal. Including Chen Wangdao, teachers and students of the First Division, with the aim of "maintaining the spirit of reform in the school and consolidating the cultural foundation of Wuzhe and Zhejiang", petitioned the official office for a demonstration. In the early morning of March 29, the reactionary authorities dispatched more than 500 military and police officers to surround the Zhejiang First Division and attempt to forcibly disband the school. Teachers and students from various schools in Hangzhou rushed to fight with the teachers and students of the First Division.
The struggle between the teachers and students of the First Division won the support of all sectors of society, and Liang Qichao, Cai Yuanpei and others called to accuse the authorities of atrocities. Under the strong pressure of public opinion, the reactionary authorities were forced to retract the order to disband the school, and on April 17, the students resumed classes, and the "first division tide" that lasted more than two months won the victory.
Standing in front of the monument of the "One Division's Wind Tide," Teacher Zhou said that the "One Division's Tide" is the in-depth and continuation of the May Fourth New Culture Movement, and the teachers and students of the First Division who have experienced the "Baptism of the First Division" have basically embarked on two paths, one is education to save the country, and the other is to save the country by revolution. Looking back at the history of Hanggao for more than 120 years, more than 40 alumni have sacrificed their lives for the founding of New China.
After this lesson, the high school students were extra involved in the official performance in the evening. Just like the line of Qiao Junze, a classmate who plays Chen Wangdao: "We are not a few people, but a generation." "Such a red spirit, I believe that a new generation of Hanggao people can inherit and carry forward."
Shi said
The sound of a century-old tide is still there
The tide is far away, and the echo is leisurely. Nowadays, the spirit of "one division trend" has long been integrated into the blood of Hanggao people. Education needs to cultivate students' humanistic spirit and feelings of home and country, of which the first thing to cultivate is the students' feelings of home and country.
In recent years, the school has deeply excavated the red resources contained in the school and integrated red education into all aspects of students' learning and life. Every year in September, the first lesson of the opening of the school of Hangzhou High School students must be carried out in the school history museum.
Recently, Hanggao organized the "Seven Ones" series of activities. At present, the school history landscape on campus is planned as the school party history education route, and nameplates and audio explanations are set up next to each scenic spot, which together with the three off-campus routes form a "line" of hanggao party history education.
In addition to "one line", Hanggao also deeply promotes the study and education of party history through "a book", "a point", "a team of people", "a class", "a drama" and "a meeting". At present, as an important part of "a book" - "Hundred Twenty Hangzhou High Red Souls", the Hanggao Qunying series reminiscing about the heroic martyrs of the Hanggao Revolution has been pushed in The Hangzhou High-ranking Officials Micro-push.
The sound of the centennial tide is still there, and the century-old red story of Hanggao is still continuing, emitting stronger energy.
——Cai Xiaoxiong, principal of Hangzhou Senior High School
The student said
Qiao Junze, a first-year high school student – The experience of this performance gave me a deeper understanding of those who fought for the revolution during that time. Mr. Chen Wangdao's dedication and enthusiasm for the revolution deeply touched me, and I am deeply honored to be his actor in the same land more than a hundred years later. During the rehearsal process, many times I felt like I was him, as if I was back in time. After the whole process, my feelings are also very deep, we should continue the spirit of the revolutionary ancestors, remember history, and our generation should be self-reliant.
Xu Yang, a first-year high school student, because of this performance, relived history and walked into the school history museum again, and had a different feeling. In the past, the teacher told us the story of the "one-division trend", but this time I imagined myself as a member of the "one-division trend", and the photos on the display wall became vivid, and those stories seemed to be experienced by me personally, and I could resonate with them who bravely pursued the truth at that time.
Wang Guanbo, a first-year high school student, looked back on history and interpreted history, which made me have a deeper understanding of the "first division trend" and felt the power of "the spark of stars can burn the plains". It is precisely because of the courage of our predecessors that we have today's quiet years.
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