In the last years of the Qing Dynasty, there was a strange phenomenon, the common people were afraid of the official government, the official government was afraid of foreigners, and the foreigners were afraid of the common people. The Qing government was incompetent, the officials were corrupt, the people did not care about their livelihood, and the officials only knew that there was the emperor and the empress, but did not know that there was a state and the people, and the property, freedom, and life of the common people could not be guaranteed.
However, they blindly bowed to the knees of foreigners, so some ordinary people who were "full of brains" made use of the "foreign" signboard and called themselves "religious people."
Foreigners were not afraid of the Qing government, but they were very jealous of the common people who were afraid of the government. During the Sino-French War, there was a "Black Flag Army" in Guangxi, composed entirely of ordinary people, who actually defeated the French regular army and killed the French generals.
As a result, the self-confidence of the common people gradually increased, thinking that the big knife and spear could also defeat the foreign guns and cannons, and then there was the Boxers who "helped qing and destroyed the yangs", of course, there were also mentions of "anti-qing and extermination of the yangs" and "sweeping away the extermination of the yangs", in short, they were all exterminating the yangs.
The "annihilation of the ocean" by the Yizang Regiment failed to succeed, but instead attracted the Eight-Power Alliance...
From 1904 to 1905, the two-year Russo-Japanese War made people feel deep despair of the incompetence of the Qing government, and the two foreign countries fought in northeast China for their own interests, and the Qing government brazenly declared "external neutrality." Such an incompetent Qing court, the royalist and constitutional monarchy that had been discussed for a few years before had fallen behind, and revolutionary ideas occupied the mainstream.
At this time, Sun Yat-sen's "Xingzhong Society" was born in response to the situation! It is not aimed at changing dynasties, but to "create a United States!" ”
"XingzhongHui" was officially established on November 24, 1894, in Honolulu, USA, in the home of overseas Chinese He Kuan.
At first, there were twenty-five members of the "Xingzhong Society": Sun Yat-sen, He Kuan, Li Chang, Liu Xiang, Cheng Weinan, Deng Yinnan, Zheng Jin, Huang Liang, Huang Huahui, Zhong Muxian, Xu Zhichen, Zhuo Hai, Li Wei, Li Duoma, Lin Jianquan, Zheng Zhao, Liu Shou, Zhong Yu, Zhao Cai, Liu Zhuo, Song Juren, Chen Nan, Xia Baizi, Li Qi, and Hou Aiquan.
Liu Xiang was the chairman, He Kuan was the vice chairman, and Liu Xiang was originally the manager of Yonghe Qin Shang, but after being elected chairman, there was no performance, and the name did not live up to the name.
Vice Chairman He Kuan was stronger than Liu Xiang, who was originally the manager of the Beishi Bank in China, and all the documents in the meeting were kept by him, and later he also served as the assistant of the "Longji Bao", and the owner of the "Longji Bao" was Cheng Weinan, and the chief writer of the "Longji Bao" was Xu Zhichen.
Subsequently, more than 100 people joined the Honolulu Xingzhong Association, raising cash equivalent to 2,000 Hong Kong dollars.
The greatest help to the Xingzhong Association was Deng Yinnan, who originally opened a farm and shop in Honolulu, and soon after the establishment of the Xingzhong Association, he sold the farm and shop, and the income was more than 10,000 yuan to Sun Yat-sen, and returned to China with Sun Yat-sen to prepare to launch the Guangzhou Uprising.
Sun Yat-sen and Deng Yinnan first arrived in Hong Kong, and then recruited Chen Shaobai, Yang Heling, You Lie, Lu Haodong, Zheng Shiliang, Cheng Kuiguang and others, and then found Yang Quyun, who owned the "Furen Cultural Society", and merged together to form the Hong Kong Xingzhong Association.
Subsequently, Yang Quyun stayed in Hong Kong, responsible for preparing manpower, military salaries, firearms, etc. Sun Yat-sen went to Guangzhou and set up the "Agricultural Society" as an office organ.
The Xingzhong Association originally planned to launch an uprising in Guangzhou on the ninth day of the ninth month of the ninth lunar calendar, presided over by Sun Yat-sen, but by the 22nd day of the eighth lunar month, Yang Quyun believed that the post of general office of the Xingzhong Association was none other than him, and that he was determined to win, and Sun Yat-sen voluntarily gave way to him in order to avoid internal division, and also decided with everyone that if the uprising was successful, Yang Quyun would serve as the "president".
The plan of the uprising was still very elaborate, sun Yat-sen sat in the city of Guangzhou, commanding the action, Yang Quyun on the first night, from Hong Kong by steamship to transport personnel and firearms, and so on in the early morning of the next day arrived at the Guangzhou docks, after obtaining guns and attacked the various yamen, the members of the city responded together, inside and outside, took Guangzhou, and then, the comrades distributed in Guangzhou's outer counties began to meet in Guangzhou on October 26.
The flag is made of blue sky and white sun flag, the slogan is "eliminate violence and peace", and the text is drafted by Zhu Qi.
One hundred dense! When Zhu Qi was drafting the text, he was discovered by his brother Zhu Xiang. Zhu Xiang was not a member of the Xingzhong Association, so he informed the local officials, and the report was quickly sent to tan zhonglin, the governor of Liangguang, but unexpectedly, Tan Zhonglin did not care, nor did he send someone to arrest Sun Yat-sen.
No surprises! At this time, the uprising can still proceed as planned, but there is a problem in Hong Kong, and Yang Quyun, who has been given the post of general office, is a little procrastinating, procrastinating, and has not been able to carry out on time, so he sent a telegram to Sun Yat-sen, delayed by two days.
In just two days, the hundreds of guns he had loaded were discovered by the Qing Dynasty's secret agents in Hong Kong, and reported to Tan Zhonglin, who took it seriously and immediately ordered the arrest of people, so Lu Haodong, Cheng Kuiguang, Cheng Yaochen, Cheng Huai, Liu Ci, Liang Rong, and others were arrested.
Fortunately, Sun Yat-sen was not caught, and he immediately sent a telegram to Yang Quyun: "Stop the operation" and want to stop the action, this Yang Quyun, after receiving the electricity, actually replied: "The connection is too late, the goods have disembarked, please pick up." ”
As a result, it was Tan Zhonglin who received the goods, and more than forty of the people who came with the ship were arrested, and the rest scattered and fled.
Lu Haodong, Qiu Si, Zhu Guiquan, were killed, Cheng Kuiguang was forced to confess to death, and Cheng Yaochen fell ill and died in prison. Sun Yat-sen, Yang Quyun, Chen Shaobai and others were wanted.
Sun Yat-sen and others fled to Hong Kong, and although they were not handed over to the Qing court, they were also expelled from Hong Kong, so they had to go to Japan again and set up a "Yokohama Branch" in Yokohama.