Shanghai Financial Underground Party Organization: Founded "UnionPay", guarded the "party property", and fought back against the enemy with "poetry and far away"

"Party organizations" can be traced back to their origins

When did the financial underground party organization start? In the past, it was believed that it originated in November 1937, when the party branch of the bank was established at Xintai Bank, with zhang chengzong, secretary, and members Han Hongqiu and Yuan Junshi. Gu Zhun and Hu Shisheng maintained contact with the bank branch on behalf of the higher-level party organization "Shanghai Vocational Provisional Working Committee".

But the latest research has suddenly pushed forward the birth of the bank's underground party organization by 11 years. According to the "Collection of Historical Documents of the Chinese Revolution (All 17 Volumes)" and other records, in September 1926, there was a bank branch in the Zhabei Committee under the Shanghai District Committee, and the secretary of the branch was Lou Jiannan (that is, Lou Shiyi), and a month later in October, the branch secretary was changed to a repairee. Why is the bank branch under the leadership of the North Gate Committee? That's because the main members of the bank branch are from the Communications Library, and the main members of the Communications Library are from banks and Qianzhuang, because the Communications Library is located in Sandri, Baoshan Road, Zhabei, close to the Commercial Press, so it is under the jurisdiction of the Zhabei Committee.

According to the "Chronicle of the History of the Party in Zhabei District of the Communist Party of China", as early as February 1926, there was a communication library branch under the Zhabei Committee. At that time, Lou Jiannan had not yet joined the Party, and the secretary of his branch should be Ying Xiuren, the founder of the communication library who joined the Party in July and August 1925. The Communications Library originally did not have an independent regiment branch, and the league members were all in the regiment branch of the Commercial Press, and the secretary was Dong Yixiang. Therefore, most of the people who should be repaired and Lou Shiyi were introduced by Dong Yixiang to join the party and join the regiment.

As early as May 1, 1921, Ying Xiuren, Shen Binzhang, Xie Danru, the son of the owner of the money house, and Bai Mei, an employee of the Macquarie Bank, founded the Communication Library. Lou Jiannan's participation in the communication library work was purely accidental. According to his own recollection, one day in May 1924, he was introduced to attend when he met qi Huanxun, a fellow villager and librarian, while watching a movie at the Daguang Cinema. The practitioners successively served in Fuyuan Qianzhuang, Fuyuan Commercial Bank and China Cotton Bank; Lou Jiannan successively served in Zhengxiang Qianzhuang, Yishen Qianzhuang, Beishi Qianye Association and Chia Tai Bank, etc., and joined the communication library work 3 years later than the practitioners. Therefore, it is very likely that the Party Branch of the Communications Library is the predecessor of the Party Branch of the Bank, and the Branch Secretary is the candidate.

"Red Lady" Yang Xiufan

It is known that Yang Xiufan was the deputy military representative of the Shanghai Liberation and Takeover of the Bank of Communications, and once led the underground work of the Bank of Communications in the Chongqing area during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and organized a reading club and a savings mutual aid meeting. However, people do not know that Yang Xiufan also made significant contributions to the party's organizational construction. He was the introducer to the party for two heavyweights, Sha Qianli and Zhang Chengzong.

Sha Qianli is the leader of the Professional Salvation Congress, a famous member of the Seven Gentlemen, one of the founders of the Ant Society, and an official after the founding of New China to the vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Yang Xiufan worked with Sha Qianli in the early 1920s on the Dafeng Yangbu and was also a member of the party group leading the salvation movement, so it is reasonable for Yang Xiufan to become Sha Qianli's introduction to the party. An important reason why Sha Qianli has the name of the Bank of Communications Savings mutual aid association is that he is an expert in the theory of cooperation, and it should be known that in Sha Qianli's view, this theory is infinitely close to socialist thought. Sha Qianli is a special party member whose membership was only made public in the 1980s.

Yang Xiufan has a reminiscence text "Minutes of the Shanghai Occupational Salvation Congress", which ends with two sentences: "I moved inland with the professional unit and transferred from Wuhan to Chongqing to work." Before leaving in early September, I did some work to recruit party members in the working industry salvation congress. Zhang Chengzong likes to write, but rarely mentions the process of joining the party, but there is a short sentence in the resume he filled out in 1988: "In August 1937, he joined the Communist Party of China; Yang Xiufan introduced him to the party, Yong Wentao announced, Gu Zhun took the oath." Yang Xiufan is a member of the party group leading the professional salvation congress, responsible for contacting the bank, Zhang Chengzong is the captain of the bank brigade, and it is reasonable for his superiors to introduce contacts to the party. Zhang Chengzong's joining the party was a major event in the party in the 1930s, and the "UnionPay" he founded was praised by the CPC Central Committee and the Jiangsu Provincial Party Committee, and was a successful example of the party leading the workers' movement and carrying out the united front, and was promoted.

The story of "party property"

During the Liberation War, the "party property" that was active in Shanghai was mainly divided into three lines: First, the Southern Bureau was led by Qian Zhiguang, such as the Guangda Hua Bank, the Jianye Bank, and the Huayi Company; second, the Central China Bureau was led by Xu Xuehan, such as the Lianfeng Flower Gauze Company, the United Import and Export Business Company, the Jianhua Trading Bank, the Dingyuan Qianzhuang, the Tongqing Qianzhuang, and the Liyong Cotton Cloth; and the third was that the Shanghai Bureau was led by Zhang Zhiyi, such as Daan Insurance, Tianyi Insurance, and Guan Leming Golden Pen Factory. On the economic front of the National United Region, a number of outstanding guardians of "party property" such as Xu Zhendong, Zhu Feng, Xiao Lin, Lu Xuzhang, Yang Yanxiu, Gong Yinbing, and Xie Tianshou have emerged.

In Chongqing during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Luo Jingyi, who was working at the China International Economic Association at the time, later said: "Lu Xuzhang, the manager of the Vast Number of Chinese Banks, has branches in Hong Kong and the United States, specializing in deer antler essence produced in the Soviet Union and using it to win over capitalists." He also runs the International Trade Consulting Institute, conducts research, and collects materials. We didn't know each other, and we didn't know that the other was a party member. Sometimes what he wants to do is exactly what we want to do, and there is a contradiction. He still wanted to swallow us up, but our backstage was Kong Xiangxi, a big chinese chaebol, and he couldn't swallow it. Talking about these past events now, people can't help but be amused. ”

The patron behind the vast number of Huaxing is Chen Guofu, but it is the largest "party property" in the Guotong District, Meiyuan New Village and Zhou Mansion are the ones it spent 50 and 30 gold bars or bought or rented respectively, with a turnover of 11.9 billion yuan and a net profit of 3.9 billion yuan in 1946.

Embracing "Poetry and The Distance"

There were some people in the bank at that time, who were not satisfied with sitting in the writing room, but liked to write poetry, cared about current affairs and politics, and finally embarked on the revolutionary road. Ying Xiuren, Sun Moxin, and Yuan Shuipai are among the representatives.

The practitioners were the early leaders of the party's banking branches and were influenced by the ideas of the New Village Doctrine in their early years. The New Villageists of the "May Fourth" period advocated equality and mutual assistance, advocated the all-round development of people and harmonious social relations, and advocated a self-reliant pastoral life. It should be said that the attention of the practitioners to the new village doctrine was a starting point for him to finally embark on the revolutionary road.

Sun Moxin, also known as Mai Xin, was admitted to the American American Insurance Company in 1929. Located at 17 Bund, Shanghai, the company is AIA Bank on the ground floor, Meiya Insurance Company and AIA Marine Insurance Company on the third and fourth floors, and Sihai Insurance Company on the fifth floor. AAU is the predecessor of the world-renowned American International Group (AIG). Sun Moxin changed from a trainee to a regular staff, and his salary increased from the original ten yuan to more than forty yuan. However, in the face of such generous treatment, he became dissatisfied with the environment day by day, and finally embarked on the road of resisting Japan and saving the country, joined the Communist Party of China, and created the widely circulated war songs "Sacrifice has reached the last moment", "March of the Great Knife", and "Defending Madrid", sounding the clarion call for national liberation.

Yuan Shuipai worked in the trust department of the Bank of China and joined the party after the Pacific War. In the late period of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation, he composed "The Mountain Song of Mavanto" to expose the corruption, incompetence and despotism of the reactionary government; he wrote "Ten Thousand Taxes", using the harmonic sound of "Long Live", satirizing the old society that everything had to be taxed; "The Old Mother's Blind Parent-Child Eye" wrote the people's opposition to the civil war to the extreme, which was very touching.

Column Editor-in-Chief: Wang Duo Title Map Source: Shangguan Title Map Photo Editor: Zhu Xuan

Source: Author: He Chenggang