Author | Kyo Joodo
Source | Confucius old book network dynamics
In the past few days, I have been reading Fu Guoyong's "Records of History", and I have been reading it for a week before reading it, although the time is much less than reading the previous book "Reading History of Jianghuai Yanzhai", but its content is no less rich than the former, but the emphasis is different. The former focuses on books, the latter on history, and on China's modern and contemporary history, from the end of the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China to the more than twenty years after the liberation of China, that is, the end of the Cultural Revolution. My understanding of this period of Chinese history is vague, which prompted me to look for books on this subject and always want to find out. The unknown can always arouse people's infinite curiosity and curiosity, you say, is it not?
Yue Nan's "South Crossing and North Return" I have read, written very well, the author spent many years running around to find information to verify the completion of the huge work worth a look, here I will not introduce more. In The Chronicles of History, the author sums it up in one sentence that China's intellectuals and entrepreneurs were uprooted from the early 1950s to the end of the Cultural Revolution, and their fate is undoubtedly crucial to both China's education and China's economy. Without knowledge, how can society progress?
This book is based on the author's speeches in schools, bookstores, television stations and some public places across the country for more than a decade, and the content is specific and scattered, but it is not out of the scope of modern and contemporary Chinese history, and most of the contents are the first time I have seen it in my life. I have longed for the truth of history, and this book has captured me in an instant, allowing me to immerse myself in it for a few days, exploring the history that I am not familiar with. After reading it, I paraphrased a few with my own thinking and understanding for the reader's reference. They are: the fall of the Qing Dynasty; the May Fourth Era; the Ta Kung Pao; and the mystery of Song Jiaoren's death.
The fall of the Qing Dynasty. The 267-year-old Qing Dynasty ushered in its death during the Xinhai Revolution in 1911, and its death seemed to have been predestined, and with the successive deaths of the two leaders of the Guangxu Emperor and Empress Dowager Cixi in 1908, people seemed to have a premonition of something, and visions appeared frequently everywhere, and only those Manchurian magnates were still enjoying themselves in song and dance, and they did not know it. It coincided with two consecutive years of heavy rains in the summer of 1910 and 1911, and floods were struck one after another, with countless starvation and countless victims. The Qing government's original national treasury was empty and powerless to resist disasters, coupled with the social panic and financial crisis caused by rumors, as well as the Manchu magnates in the Qing court who monopolized and controlled the korean situation, the Sichuan Road Preservation Movement, the Wuchang Mutiny, and so on, as well as the incompetence of the rulers, various factors superimposed together, and the mountain of the Qing Dynasty collapsed in an instant and ceased to exist.
The "May Fourth" era. May Fourth is not only a student movement, but also a concept of the times. The author divides the May Fourth era into between 1914 and 1925, about a decade before and after. On the surface, the "May Fourth" new cultural movement does not advocate the language of the language and publicize the vernacular language, but in fact it is not anti-traditional, but to introduce new trends of thought, so that people can walk from ancient society into modern society and have more room to play. People's learning is no longer "learning to become a martial art and selling it to the emperor's family", but they can freely find jobs, such as running newspapers, schools, banks, factories, bookstores, etc., and people have gradually embarked on the road of seeking truth and beauty. At the same time, it has created a number of outstanding talents, such as Hu Shi, Lu Xun, Zhou Zuoren, Yu Dafu, etc. in the literary field; Xu Beihong, Lin Fengmian, Liu Haisu, etc. in the field of art; Mu Rongchu, the king of cotton yarn, Rong Desheng, the king of textiles, and Lu Zuofu of the Minsheng Company; chen Guangfu of the Shanghai Commercial Savings Bank, and Zhou Zuomin of the Tianjin Jincheng Bank. Unfortunately, the golden age of "May Fourth" is too short, the soil of autocracy is too deep, and although the Republic of China has only been 38 years old, it has created countless talents, and its education model is worthy of our current vocational education model for deep consideration.
The Ta Kung Pao, the benchmark of the past in the press. Originally founded by Catholics in Tianjin in 1902, the Ta Kung Pao was acquired by Wu Dingchang, the general manager of Tianjin Salt Industry Bank, for 50,000 yuan in 1926 due to poor management, and edited and published by Zhang Jiluan and Hu Zhengzhi. In the past, the newspaper philosophy of the Ta Kung Pao was: no party, no sale, no selfishness and no blindness. Not being a party is not moving closer to any political party group, that is, it is independent, and newspapers are meant to report real news. Not selfish, that is, the newspaper is not private, the newspaper is the public instrument of the world, and it cannot be regarded as one's own thing because it is run by an individual. Not selling is not yielding to any interest group and not accepting foreign capital. No matter how noisy public opinion is, newspapers must always maintain their own judgment and maintain a sober and rational voice, rather than following the public opinion. The author gives an example of Shao Piaoping and Lin Baishui, saying that on the one hand, they offended powerful people in running newspapers, and on the other hand, they received subsidies from others, so they attracted the disaster of killing themselves.
Death of Song Jiaoren. In January 1913, a sunny big boy set off from his hometown of Taoyuan, Hunan To Changde, and then took a boat to Changsha, and then from Changsha to Wuhan, down the river through Anqing, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Shanghai, he would stay in a place for a few days to make wonderful constitutional speeches, but he did not expect that at 10:45 p.m. on March 20, at Zhabei Railway Station in Shanghai, a bullet was quietly waiting for him, and the bullet crossed the right flank from the back into the abdomen, and died at nearly 5 o'clock in the morning of the 22nd after rescue was ineffective. He is only 31 years old. His friends persuaded him to be careful on the road and his carelessness in protecting himself, and eventually took his life, thus strangling a nascent country in its cradle. Although it was eventually found that the shooter, Wu Shiying, and the ying kui cheng and the chief of internal affairs Hong Shuzu behind him, from some relevant materials and evidence, Ying Shucheng and Hong Shuzu were the planners, and Wu Shiying was the executor, who could give the order? The person behind Hong Shuzu is Zhao Bingjun, and the person behind Zhao Bingjun is Yuan Shikai, but there is no direct evidence to point to the two of them, and the name of the revolutionary Chen Yingshi engraved on the pistol makes the case even more confusing and is still a mystery.
