Prehistoric cultural sites, opening the prelude to the historical civilization of Yongjia. Counting from the Neolithic Hemudu culture, Zhejiang's history has been 7,000 years. The Neolithic cultural site of Qiankantou in front of Qukou Shangcun, Yongjia County, discovered in 1958, belongs to the same period as the Hemudu culture. It can be seen that as early as 7,000 years ago, there were ancestors who multiplied and lived in the land of Yongjia.
01
Former Yankantou ruins
This is an ancient neolithic cultural site discovered in 1958, and the earliest historical human activity cultural site in Wenzhou, located in the south of Qukou Shangcun, Shatou Town, east to the foothills of Leiyantou Mountain, south to the foothills of Shi'an Mountain, and north to the foothills of Shibutou Mountain.
The distribution area is about 2,000 square meters, and the excavated items include black and red charcoal pottery, sand pottery, and stone tools such as stone spears, stone hammers, and stone axes that are not finely ground.
02
Ruins of The Main Gate Mountain
Discovered in 1952, it is the earliest cultural site discovered in Wenzhou. Located in the north foothills of zhengmen Mountain in Houcun, Shangtang Town, the distribution area is about 8,000 square meters, the thickness of the cultural layer is unknown, and the stone tools collected during the cultural relics survey in 1958 have sharpened double-sided drilling stone axes, double-sided bladed stone hammers, stone spears, single-sided bladed stone chisels, stone hammers. Pottery has pots, kettles, bowls, etc., for sand-filled hard pottery and printed hard pottery pieces, decorated with mig patterns, according to the characteristic analysis of the collection utensils, it belongs to the late Neolithic period. In January 1983, the site was listed as the first batch of cultural relics protection units in Yongjia County.
03
Shimen Mountain Ruins
Located on the top of the hill northwest of Yumen Village in Shangtang Town, it covers an area of about 2,000 square meters and the thickness of the cultural layer is unknown.
In 1958, the stone tools collected during the cultural relics survey included stone hammers, stone hammers and pottery pieces with cooking utensils, and similar stone tools were excavated successively. Stone tools are relatively rough, leaving obvious marks of smashing. According to the characteristic analysis of excavated artifacts, they belong to the late Neolithic artifacts.
04
Ruins of Yangfu Temple Mountain
Located on the southwest slope of the Yongjia Revolutionary History Memorial Hall in Qiancun Yushan Park, Shangtang Town, with an area of about 4,000 square meters, the thickness of the cultural layer is unknown.
In 1962, when local villagers opened the mountain to build land, they unearthed rough grinding stones, stone knives, stone spears, and stone arrows with obvious cut marks. Printed hard pottery pieces were also found, decorated with string, striped and checkered patterns. According to the analysis of artifact characteristics, the time is late Neolithic. In January 1983, the site was listed as the first batch of cultural relics protection units in Yongjia County.
05
Wangzhongling Ruins
Located on the southern slope of Wangzhongling in Qiaoxia Town, it covers an area of about 1200 square meters.
In 1983, when local farmers built roads, stone spears, stone hammers, stone hammers, etc. were unearthed, one of which was 18 cm long and 18 cm wide, double-sided blade, finely ground, sharp tip blade, full back, and flat rectangular handle at the rear end, with strapping marks, which was a late Neolithic artifact.
06
YutangShan Ruins
Located in Oubei Town, Qingshuibu YutangShan, 9 ancient tombs have been found. The 9 ancient tombs are divided into two types: brick chamber tombs and earth pit tombs. The tomb of the earth pit has been destroyed when it was found, so the shape of the tomb is unknown, only at the scene found fragments of porcelain with burial products; brick chamber tomb shape such as a knife-shaped structure with Yongdao, built on the hillside loess layer or sandstone, buried is not deep, the tomb top is between 1-1.5 meters from the surface, the tomb tool has been decomposed, the bones are not preserved, the burial style is unknown, the side of the tomb brick is engraved with a pattern of text, and the era words such as "Yuan Jia 2nd Year", "Yuan Jia 22 Years" and "Anniversary Has Been Made" are also engraved, as well as geometric grades, copper coins, and long parallel pattern decorations.
The tomb plan is knife-shaped, except for one Yongdao on the right side of the tomb, the rest of the Yongdao are on the left side, the tomb walls are single brick staggered flat, the tomb roof is coupon-shaped, the bottom of the tomb is made of wedge-shaped bricks, and there is a niche above the rear wall. Celadon porcelain, chicken head pots, plates, bowls, bowls, pan pots, pots, water bowls, spit pots, bricks and copper plating have been unearthed, which are items from the Jin Dynasty to the Southern Dynasty.
07
Ruins of Hibiscus Village
Located in the south of Li'ao Village, Yantou Town, the south cliff is also known as the Furong Cliff, the top is flat slope, four sides of the cliff, only a steep narrow path in the northwest corner can be passed, the mountain peak is gentle, it is a natural danger. The ancient village was built by the Southern Song Dynasty national hero Chen Yuzhi and the masses to resist the Yuan, built from a simple stepping passage of stone, and poured with molten iron between the steps, which is still clearly recognizable today. On the north side of the village site, there are traces of three hot pot stoves and many broken ceramic utensils from the Song Dynasty.
In February of the second year of Song Deyou (1276), the Yuan army attacked Lin'an, and Chen Yuzhi and his nephew Chen Zhi led more than a thousand townspeople to continue to resist in Lushan, because they were outnumbered, they retreated to Nanxi Furong Cliff to hold on to the danger. The Yuan soldiers attacked the cliff and were repeatedly defeated. In the third year of Jing Yan (1278), he ran out of ammunition and food, and learned that King Guang and others were killed in the sea, and there was no hope of reviving the Song Dynasty, and he jumped off a cliff and was martyred. His heroic deeds will forever be remembered in history and shine for thousands of years. In January 1983, the site was listed as the first batch of cultural relics protection units in Yongjia County.
08
Ruins of phoenix cottages
Located in Shatou Town Qukou Village West Phoenix Mountain, Phoenix Mountain 301 meters above sea level, is the qukou basin iconic landscape, the late Qing Dynasty Gongsheng Hu Guoming has a poem praise: "LeiYan west of Fengshan Mountain, there is a Longguang Nandou Chong." "According to legend, during the Southern Song Dynasty, the Yantou Li clan lived in seclusion here.
Cliffs on three sides are steep and there is a trail to the cottage. The plan of the village site is half-moon-shaped, divided into two walls, inner and outer, and the stone barrier is built. The outer city wall is 100 meters long, divided into two levels, 3.25 meters high, and there are three doors at the southern end; the inner wall is 100 meters long and 1.85 meters high, and the structure is similar to the external wall. The slopes in the interior of the village are steep, and you can still see the foundations of the houses where people lived at that time. These ruins bear witness to the song and Yuan wars that once took place here.
Source/ China Yongjia WeChat public account
Pan Hao, editor-in-chief of Yongjia Monuments