Wen | Qi Rong
In China's long feudal society, especially after Qin Shi Huang unified China, under the monarchical absolutist centralized system, the prime minister system was also formally established. The prime minister is the monarch of the upper level, the lower hundred officials, "under one person, above ten thousand people", the official position is prominent, and the power is tilted towards the opposition. Although each dynasty has a different title, the content of the chancellor system is much the same. In the plains of history, the county has been governed by counties for nearly a thousand years, and there are many officials and officials who have gone out from this land to the prime minister, who were either born in the plains, or served as guards and orders in the plains, and later became a dynasty prime minister. Several objectively introduced in the Two Han and Three Kingdoms periods, as a cultural phenomenon, can provide some reference for the study of the history of the plains and even Texas.
Plains is too guarded by Zhao Xi
According to the Book of later Han, "Zhao Xi, zi Boyang, Nanyang Wanren also." "In his year, the Qianxi Plain was too defensive." "In the twenty-seventh year of Jianwu, he worshiped Tai Wei and gave him the title of Marquis of Guannei."
At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Zhao Xi was born in WanXian County, Nanyang County, which was the seat of the county administration of Nanyang County and was a historical city. At this time, the Western Han Dynasty had reached the end of its rope. The powerful minister Wang Mang took the opportunity to run his own power, and in the ninth year of the ninth century AD, han was established, and the national name was "New". The coup did not affect Zhao Xi's studies. He was diligent and studious, full of poetry and books, full of economy, not very old, "rarely disciplined (56 volumes of the Book of later Han)", and he was already quite a good person. According to the Book of later Han, Zhao Xi's biography records, "Brother was killed by men and had no children." In the fifteenth year of xi, he often thought of repaying it, but he was a soldier who made a guest, and then he went to take revenge, and the enemy family was sick and there was no distance. Xi was relieved to kill the unkind because of illness. Therefore, it is called Qiu Yue, Er Cao Ruojian, who avoids each other from afar, and qiu is lying on his own. According to historical records, when Zhao Xi was fifteen years old, one of his cousins was killed, and that cousin had neither sons nor brothers, so Zhao Xi stepped forward and volunteered to avenge his cousin. He greeted a group of soldiers and relatives and friends, explained to everyone his plan to avenge his cousin, and his pre-war mobilization was full of anger, and he led everyone straight to the enemy's house. But I didn't expect that the enemy's family was lying sick in bed, and none of them could come out to resist. Zhao Xi's relatives and friends saved a lot of trouble at this time, and tied people up three times five divided by two. Zhao Xi pondered for a while, and felt that taking advantage of the danger of others to kill them was not the work of a gentleman, so he asked his relatives and friends to release the enemy's entire family. He said to his relatives and friends, "He killed my cousin, and I should have come and killed him to avenge him, but I can't kill him when he is too sick to move. Ten years is not too late for a gentleman to take revenge, and we will allow him for a few days. The enemy's family was deeply moved, and they all prostrated themselves on the ground in gratitude for the grace of not killing. Before leaving, Zhao Xi said to the enemy, "If you want to live, hide from me far away, and don't let me touch you again." "The enemy was ashamed. After he was cured, he immediately had people tie him up and go to Zhao Xi, claiming to apologize for his sins with death. Zhao Xi always hid from him and wanted to let him have a way to live. Who knew that the enemy was also a bloody man, and if he wanted to complete himself, he had to find Zhao Xi. At this point, Zhao Xi killed the enemy and avenged his cousin. This matter was widely circulated in the Nanyang area and became a beautiful talk, and Zhao Xi's reputation soared.
At this time, the world was in chaos. In the Huanghuai area, there was a green forest and a Chimei uprising. The Green Forest Army supported Liu Xuan, the King of Huaiyang of the Han Dynasty, as emperor, with the era name "More Beginning". Shortly after the first emperor ascended the throne, The Great Surname Li of Wuyin (present-day Biyang, Henan) occupied a city, and the Green Forest Army could not attack for a long time, so the General Li Bao of Dutian recommended Zhao Xi to Liu Xuan, saying: "At present, this city is difficult to break through by force, I heard that Nanyang Zhao Xi is a person with great prestige in this area, and he may be able to make the defenders surrender." Emperor Liu Xuan sent someone to invite Zhao Xi. Zhao Xi left a good impression when he first met the emperor. Liu Xuan immediately appointed him as Langzhong (郎中) and went to Wuyin as a partial general to lobby the Li clan. Zhao Xi was also a newborn calf who was not afraid of tigers, so he was ordered to go and rush to Wuyin overnight, taking advantage of Li Shixiao, and indeed persuaded Li Shi to complete the mission. Liu Xuan trusted Zhao Xi even more, so he asked him to lead an attack on Yingchuan, and all the way he was like a bamboo, and he won successive victories. After the triumph of the army, Liu Xuan was overjoyed and praised Zhao Xi.
Soon, Wang Mang sent Wang Xun and Wang Yi to lead an army of 400,000 to the Green Forest Army in an attempt to wipe them out in the Henan region. Liu Xuan ordered the generals Wang Feng and Liu Xiu to lead an army north to meet the enemy. Zhao Xi accompanied Liu Xiu as a general of the Five Weis. Liu Xiu fought a decisive battle against Wang Mang's army at Kunyang (present-day Nanye County, Henan). In the fierce battle, Zhao Xi was a pioneer soldier, and the soldiers rushed to kill, did not avoid the front arrow, and was seriously wounded. After the war, Zhao Xi was given the title of General of Zhonglang and Marquis of Yonggong.
After the overthrow of Wang Mang's new dynasty, the two rebels of Lulin and Chimei were merged. In one battle, The Green Forest was defeated, and the Chimei army rushed into Chang'an. Zhao Xi broke through the heavy encirclement of the Chimei army, escaped over the wall, and after meeting with his friend Han Zhongbo, he helped the old man and the young man to cross the mountains and mountains, run out of Wuguan, and safely came to Danshui. I happened to run into the relatives of the emperor who were also on the run. I saw only gray heads and dirty faces, some barefoot, looking really tired. Thinking that not long ago, the nobleman who was dressed in silk satin was now inferior to the fleeing people, Zhao Xi was mixed with sorrow. He gave them the grain and cloth he had brought with him, and risked his life to personally settle them in the countryside. The old and young of the Emperor's family were grateful to Zhao Xi.
In 25 AD, Liu Xiu pacified the world and announced the re-establishment of the Han Dynasty, with the era name of the first year of Jianwu.
At this time, Deng Feng, who was stationed in Nanyang, rebelled. At that time, Deng Feng turned against Nanyang, Xi Su and Feng Shan, and several suicide notes condemned him, while the slanderer conspired with Feng because of his words, and the emperor was suspicious. And defeated, the emperor was shocked: 'Zhao Xizhen elder also.' 'That is, the sign of the introduction, the kurama to be sent to the bus. When Jiangnan was unreal, the roads were impassable, and he guarded the Marquis of Jianyang, refused to accept the soldiers, and rode alone, and the jianyang officials did not want to be inward, but they warned the lords in the city and showed the prestige of the state, and their commanders opened the door and tied themselves to themselves, and the walls of the camps surrendered. Jingzhou Mu played Xi Cai Ren Li Opera, and thought that he was the Marquis of Pinglin. Attack the group of thieves, Anji has surrendered, and after the county is pacified, pray to Huai Ling. (Book of the Later Han Dynasty, vol. 56) "Zhao Xi's good friend Deng Feng rebelled in Nanyang, and Zhao Xi wrote many letters to persuade Deng Feng not to go astray, but Deng Feng was bent on going his own way and could not listen to Zhao Xi's advice at all. Someone secretly reported to Liu Xiu that Zhao Xi and Deng Feng were one and the same and conspired to rebel. Liu Xiu was naturally suspicious, and he also sent people to visit, but there was no result. Until Deng Feng was defeated, he saw Zhao Xi's original letter to Deng Feng from Deng Feng. Everything is out of the truth, there is no conspiracy to rebel at all, and it is all exhortation, and every word is full of righteousness. Therefore, Liu Xiu immediately summoned Zhao Xi and gave him a kurama and a bus to be commanded. At that time, Jiangnan had not yet been completely pacified, the road was impassable, and the Guangwu Emperor Liu Xiu appointed Zhao Xi as the Xiangguo of the Marquis of Jianyang, and Zhao Xi did not take a single soldier or pawn, and rushed to Jianyang (present-day Sichuan) by car. The defenders of Jianyang City did not allow him to enter the city, so he shouted outside the city, admonishing the leader of the city, declaring great righteousness to him, so that he suddenly woke up, so he opened the city gate to meet Zhao Xi, and in front of him, let people tie themselves up and ask for guilt, and the soldiers and soldiers of each camp also surrendered. Jingzhou Pastoral, praising Zhao Xi's talent and outstanding merits, Liu Xiu immediately appointed Zhao Xiping Marquis of Lin, and after he took office, he led an army to attack the rebel army and appease the army that had already surrendered, and soon the counties and townships were pacified. Later, Zhao Xi was appointed as the county magistrate of Huai County (淮县; present-day Wuzhi County, Henan).
There is a big family in this Huai County named Li Zichun, who used to be the minister of state of Langya, and after returning to Huai County, he ran amok in the township and committed crimes for wrongdoing. His two grandsons killed people and no one dared to take care of them. Zhao Xi heard about this matter as soon as he took office, immediately investigated it, and soon it was revealed. Zhao Xi immediately arrested Li Zichun, and his two grandsons, knowing that they would not be able to escape death, committed suicide. Li Zichun's family and relatives pleaded with Zhao Xi one after another and gave gifts. Zhao Xi did not eat softly and hard, and was bent on eliminating harm for the people. Liu Liang, the King of Zhao, was a good friend of Li Zichun, and at that time he was seriously ill and his life was in danger, so Liu Xiu personally went to visit him. Asked if he had anything to worry about, King Zhao said: "The emperor, the minister and Li Zichun have a deep friendship, I heard that he committed a crime, and I ordered Zhao Xi to kill him. Liu Xiu was very embarrassed and said to him: "Shuo would like to promise you, but Zhao Xi is doing things according to law, and it is difficult for Zhao Xi to make you feel at ease." King Zhao had nothing to say and died within a few days. Liu Xiu remembered King Zhao and finally ordered a pardon for Li Zichun.
In the same year, Zhao Xi was promoted to pingyuan (平原, in present-day southwest of Shandong) as Taishou.D.
The plain has been set up by emperor Han Gao for more than 200 years since Qinzhi County, and the pingyuan county has jurisdiction over nineteen counties and a population of more than 1.5 million, which has developed into a metropolis north of the Yellow River. Liu Xiu's appointment of Zhao Xi as the Taishou of Pingyuan was naturally a trust and praise for him. After Zhao Xi arrived at his post, he found that there were many thieves in the territory, so he acted together with neighboring counties, and quickly organized people and horses to arrest and eliminate the harm, and soon caught the big leader of this theft group, and after ascertaining the facts, he was quickly sentenced to death. The number of people involved with this leader is in the thousands, which is difficult to deal with, and the prison is overcrowded. According to the Book of later Han, "In his year, the Qianxi Plain was too defensive, and when the plains were full of thieves, Xi and the counties hunted, beheaded their canal marshals, and the remaining party sat in thousands of people." Xi Shang said that evil and evil stopped him, but all the enemies moved to the capital and near the county, and the emperor obeyed it, and moved Yingchuan and Chen Liu, so he promoted righteous deeds and cursed the evil. After the Great Locust of Qingzhou invaded the plains and died, the years were repeated, and the people sang. At this time, Pingyuan was too defensive of Zhao Xi to write to Liu Xiu. He suggested punishing only those who were the first to commit the most heinous crimes, and that those who committed only minor crimes be dispersed and relocated to counties on the outskirts of the capital for strict management. Liu Xiu followed Zhao Xi's advice and relocated all these people who had no major mistakes to Yingchuan, Chen Liu and other counties. After that, Zhao Xi commended benevolent people, punished adultery and eliminated evil, and cleaned up the government and the people in the plains, presenting a harmonious and prosperous scene. Later, a great locust plague occurred on the ground of Qingzhou, and these locusts flew to the boundary of the plain and died. The common people all said that this was the credit of Zhao Xi, with Zhao Xi present, the locusts did not dare to cross the line, it was really a blessing for Zhao Xi, and there was a good harvest in the year of the great disaster, and the people made up songs to praise him.
According to the Book of Later Han, in the twenty-sixth year of Jianwu (50 AD), Liu Xiu summoned the emperor's relatives to a banquet, and some of the ladies told the emperor, "Zhao Xi is our great benefactor. When we were surrounded and fled by the Red Brow Army, we relied on him to rescue and escort us to survive. After Liu Xiu listened, he paid more attention to Zhao Xi. Later, when Liu Xiu summoned Zhao Xi, he said to him: "Not only are there heroes who sponsor you, but even women are grateful for your kindness and praise you!" He then gave him many possessions and appointed Zhao Xi as a servant to manage the emperor's carriages, horses, and travel.
In the 27th year of Jianwu (51 AD), Zhao Xi was promoted to the post of Taiwei (太尉) and was given the title of Marquis of Guannei. In the first year of Yongping (58 AD), he was enfeoffed as the Marquis of Jiexiang. Three years later, he was dismissed from his post for investigating the untruthfulness of Xue Xiu, the minister of Zhongshan. In the eighth year of Yongping (65 AD), he also took the place of Yu Yan in the position of a lieutenant. After the death of his mother, he had planned to serve filial piety at home for three years, but the emperor could not leave him as a good helper for a moment, so he did not grant his request, sent someone to his hometown, and ordered him to take off his filial piety and return to Beijing to resume his post. In the eighteenth year of Yongping (75 AD), Liu Qi ascended the throne as Emperor Zhang of Han, and Zhao Xi was put in charge of Shang Shutai affairs.
In the fifth year of the founding of the country (80 AD), Zhao Xi was 84 years old, and because he occasionally felt cold and could not afford to fall ill, the emperor personally sought medical treatment for him, but he could not save his life. This prime minister of the three dynasties of Han Guangwu, Ming and Zhang, who walked out of the plain, completed his life path.
Emperor Zhang of Han went to mourn and was given the title of "Marquis Zheng". (To be continued)
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