In 1949, the Central Committee held the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee. At the meeting, Chairman Mao put forward two "musts" and warned the whole party to maintain the fine style of arduous struggle at all times. To this day, the two "musts" are traditions upheld by the Communists.
Chairman Mao
However, in 1951, a founding father wrote a letter to Chairman Mao in Zhongnanhai, "Seeking Credit for Meritorious Service." After reading the letter, Chairman Mao was very angry and said that this person was "hopelessly incurable," and then Chairman Mao gave instructions to "expel the party."
So, who was the founding father who was expelled from the party? How did he get to this point?
This man, whom Chairman Mao called "hopeless," was named Dai Jiying. He was born in Hong'an, Hubei Province in 1906, because his family was relatively wealthy, he had the opportunity to study in the new-style school and came into contact with Marxism earlier.
In 1926, Dai Jiying joined the Communist Youth League, actively organized students on campus to participate in the patriotic movement, and became a famous leader of the student patriotic movement. In February 1927, Dai Jiying officially joined the Communist Party of China as a progressive youth.
Dai Jiying
In June of the same year, Dai Jiying accepted the arrangement of the party organization and returned to his hometown to carry out the peasant movement. In his hometown, Dai Jiying actively developed the masses, and for a while, the peasant movement in Huang'an (the old name of Hong'an County) was in full swing. Huang'an's peasant movement, however, was soon met with a bloody crackdown.
A month later, the Revolution failed, and the first Kuomintang-Communist cooperation broke down in an all-round way. The Kuomintang reactionaries carried out mass arrests and massacres, and countless party organizations were destroyed. Under these circumstances, Huang An, who had carried out the peasant movement well, naturally became the focus of the Kuomintang reactionaries' repression.
However, Dai Jiying was not intimidated by the menacing Kuomintang, but led the revolutionary masses to persist in the struggle, and together with Zheng Weisan, Dai Kemin and others, re-established the Huang'an County Committee of the Communist Party of China in Qiliping.
As the Kuomintang's repression grew, the Party decided to launch an armed uprising. In order to implement the principle of "armed uprising" at the "Eighty-Seventh" meeting and the instructions of the Hubei Provincial CPC Committee, the HUANG'an and Macheng county committees decided to launch a peasant uprising in Huang'an and Macheng counties.
Jute Uprising
On November 13, the Jute Uprising broke out, and Dai Jiying, as a member of the commander-in-chief of the Jute Uprising, personally led two platoons of the Peasant Self-Defense Army and the Macheng Peasant Self-Defense Army in Huang'an at 10:00 p.m. on the same day, as well as some volunteer teams, a total of more than 30,000 rebellious peasants, to attack Huang'an from Qiliping. In the early morning of the 14th, the insurrectionary troops of the jute riot, with lightning speed, attacked the city, the county garrison was completely annihilated, and the county magistrate and other local tycoons and inferior gentry were captured alive.
In the spring of 1928, the armed forces in the jute uprising were all reorganized into the 7th Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army, and Dai Jiying served as a member of the Party Committee of the Seventh Army. In October of the same year, the Cpc's Edong Special Committee was established. Soon after, at the suggestion of Dai Jiying and others, the Edong Special Committee decided to carry out the armed division of workers and peasants centered on Dabie Mountain.
In April 1930, the CPC Eyu-Anhui Border Special Committee was established, and then announced the establishment of a Soviet government, and the Eyu-Anhui Soviet District centered on the Dabie Mountains was formed.
During this period, Dai Jiying successively served as a member of the Eyu-Anhui Provincial Party Committee and the political commissar of the 74th Division of the Red 25th Army. The rapid development of the Eyu-Anhui base area directly threatened the Kuomintang Nanjing government. Therefore, Chiang Kai-shek hastily mobilized 300,000 troops, personally served as the commander-in-chief, and carried out "encirclement and suppression" of the Eyu-Anhui Soviet region.
Zhang Guotao
In April 1932, Dai Jiying led his troops in western Anhui to fight to the death against the "encirclement and suppression" troops. However, due to Zhang Guotao's blind contempt for the enemy and a major strategic mistake, Dai Jiying and others participated, and the Red Army units in the fourth "anti-encirclement and suppression" struggle were still unable to break the enemy's "encirclement and suppression."
The main force of the Red Army was forced to march west, while Dai Jiying led the 74th Division and stayed in the Eyu-Anhui base area and engaged in guerrilla warfare with the enemy for three years. In April 1933, the Red Army, which was firmly defending the base area of Eyuwan, took advantage of the enemy's Ma Hongkui and Tang Enbo's troops to change defenses, and used the "rapid assault" tactic to secretly rush tens of kilometers, catching the enemy by surprise.
The Red Army won a complete victory, annihilating two enemy regiments and capturing more than 2,000 enemy troops at the cost of more than 30 casualties. In these three years, there were only a lot more battles like this, and the 74th Division of the Red 25th Army effectively contained a large amount of enemy firepower, so that the main force could have enough time to break out of the enemy's encirclement.
During this period, Dai Jiying was indispensable to the development of our party. Perhaps because of this, Dai Jiying slowly became proud of himself later.
The War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan, the Red Army that remained in the Eyu-Anhui base area to persist in the struggle was all reorganized into the New Fourth Army. Dai Jiying served as deputy commander of the 4th Detachment of the New Fourth Army. Due to the unfortunate death of Gao Jingting, the commander of the former 4th detachment, in 1939, the fourth detachment was reorganized into two detachments, 4 and 5.
At this time, Dai Jiying served as the political commissar of the new 4 detachments, and led his troops to open up the struggle of guerrilla base areas west of Jinpu Road and east of Jinpu Road. Under the leadership of Dai Jiying, it was initially completed quickly, and the strategic task of carrying out the enemy rear in central Anhui and eastern Anhui laid the foundation for the creation of the base area in eastern Anhui.
Chiang Kai-shek
During this period, Chiang Kai-shek of the Kuomintang was very worried about the development and growth of our party. Thus, at the end of 1939, under the impetus of Chiang Kai-shek, the first anti-communist upsurge began.
Li Pinxian, a Gui general who was then chairman of the Anhui provincial government, and Han Deqin, deputy commander-in-chief of the Lusu Theater, chairman of the Jiangsu provincial government, joined forces to continuously harass the New Fourth Army. In order to wipe out all the troops of the New Fourth Army in Jiangbei District, Li and Han even detained the wife and children of Zhang Yunyi, the commander-in-chief of the New Fourth Army in Jiangbei, as a threat to force Zhang Yunyi and Dai Jiying to compromise.
However, Li and Han could never have imagined that Dai Jiying's paper was electrified, which put Li and Han under great pressure of public opinion. In March 1940, Dai Jiying telephoned the leaders of various organs and organizations in Anhui and exposed to them the actions of Li and Han with a reasonable, disciplined, and unassuming attitude.
Under the circumstance of the reunification of the whole nation and the resistance against Japan, anyone who tries to provoke a civil war will be strongly condemned by all sectors of society. Therefore, soon after Dai Jiying's telegram was sent, it set off great public opinion. Suddenly, Li and Han became the target of everyone.
Subsequently, Dai Jiying seized this opportunity and made a plan against Li and Han. At the same time, the Party Central Committee also issued instructions to Dai Jiying and others to "fight Li Pinxian first, and then Han Deloitte." In late March, Dai Jiying and others led the New Fourth Army to attack Dingyuan City first. After defeating Li Pinxian's troops, Dai Jiying commanded the 4th and 5th detachments to reinforce other detachments to Ludong, and launched an anti-Korean self-defense war centered on the Half Pagoda Set.
After a bloody battle, the New Fourth Army finally won the battle. This battle not only forced the Kuomintang side to release Zhang Yunyi's wife and children, but also laid the foundation for our party to create an anti-Japanese base area in Huainan in the future. General Chen Yi gave this battle a high evaluation, viewing it as a prelude to the Battle of Huangqiao: "First there is a half-tower, then there is Guo Village; with a half-tower, there is a Yellow Bridge." ”
The Japanese army launched the Battle of Yuxianggui
In 1944, in order to save the defeat in the Pacific Theater, the Japanese Kou launched the Battle of Yuxianggui in China. In the face of the Japanese attack, the Kuomintang army collapsed, so that the Henan region fell in large numbers.
In order to break this dilemma, our party established the Henan Military Region of the Eighth Route Army in Yan'an, with Dai Jiying as the secretary of the party committee and the political commissar of the anti-Japanese army of the Henan Military Region. Subsequently, under the arrangement of the party organization, Dai Jiying, together with Wang Shusheng, commander of the Anti-Japanese Army, led the troops to advance behind the enemy and opened up an anti-Japanese base area centered on Songshan.
After the establishment of the anti-Japanese base area, Dai Jiying and others commanded the anti-Japanese army to fight against the Japanese in Henan. While attacking the Japanese puppet army, they also did not forget to mobilize the masses.
The actions of the Henan Military Region aroused the praise of Chairman Mao, who pointed out:
"We must be prepared for the struggle against the enemy in the long run. In the past, we only cared about the present, expanded the number of troops and raised funds, and soon the base areas were also empty. The comrades in Henan have done the right thing, they have left the enlarged army in the localities, and they have expanded more than 10,000 local troops. ”
Dai Jiying, who was praised by the chairman, was very excited, and it was precisely because of this that Dai Jiying later became more and more proud and complacent, and he was proud of his achievements. After the founding of New China, Dai Jiying served as a member of the Standing Committee of Henan Province and secretary of the Kaifeng Municipal Party Committee. During this period, Dai Jiying gradually became dissatisfied, believing that as the "founding father", he made great contributions, only serving as a member of the Standing Committee of the Henan Provincial Party Committee and secretary of the Kaifeng Municipal Party Committee.
On a very ordinary morning in 1951, Dai Jiying, who was self-proclaimed, finally couldn't help but send Chairman Mao a "letter of official demand", proposing that he should serve as a member of the Central Committee. Dai Jiying originally thought that Chairman Mao would not hesitate to agree, but Chairman Mao has always opposed party cadres and reached out to the party to ask for a higher leadership position.
One of Dai Jiying's letters directly stepped on Chairman Mao's "lightning point." The chairman was greatly annoyed and involuntarily said, "Dai Jiying is really hopeless!" ”
Just two years ago, the chairman also warned the whole party not to forget its original intention and adhere to the style of arduous struggle. However, in just two years, there have been comrades who are proud of their achievements and who have undergone the tempering of the revolutionary fire.
Therefore, the chairman not only did not agree to Dai Jiying's request, but instead severely reprimanded him for such behavior. Subsequently, the Chairman issued further instructions:
"The Communist Party doesn't need senior cadres like Dai Jiying. Such a person should be expelled from the party and dismissed from public office, and never be used! ”
Front row from left: Wu Huanxian, Guo Shushen, Xu Haidong, Dai Jiying, Zhao Lingbo.
On February 12, 1952, Dai Jiying was expelled from the Party by the Henan Provincial Party Committee and returned home to reflect. Ten days later, people's daily published the Expulsion of Dai Jiying from the Party by the Henan Provincial Party Committee. Dai Jiying was very depressed in his heart, and after that, he gradually disappeared in front of people's eyes and lived a reclusive life.
Chairman Mao's act of arrogantly demanding power from the party organization will never be forgotten by Dai Jiying, and he has always used it as a negative teaching material to warn the whole party. On October 11, 1955, our Party held the Sixth Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee. During the meeting, Chairman Mao once again named Dai Jiying.
Chairman Mao said, "Who doesn't make a mistake? No matter who it is, there are always some mistakes to be made, and there are big mistakes and some small mistakes. There are always very few people who are incurable, such as Zhang Guotao and Rao Shushi, as well as Chen Guang and Dai Jiying..."
chairman
Chairman Mao has repeatedly mentioned Dai Jiying's act of demanding power, and it can be seen that the chairman has always attached great importance to the purity of our party, and it is precisely because of this that our party can stand in an invincible position, and only a party that has struggled hard and has always worked hard for the country and the people can win the support of the people and live endlessly.