Text: Dutou Yun Ge (author's original authorization)
Before that, the author and everyone read the "Dang Kou Zhi" ("Water Margin" sequel, written by Yu Wanchun in the Qing Dynasty) for the 137th time, Song Jiang was preparing to flee to Yanshan, but was captured by the fishermen Jia Zhong and Jia Yi at Yemingdu, and Deng Xin Zhang Tao led his troops to wipe out Yanshan, Tiger Wing Mountain, and Snake Horn Ridge. Today we continue to read the 138th time of the "Dangkou Zhi", "Sacrifice the Captive King's Feast taiping, retrospectively incarnate thunder and manifest deification" to see how the follow-up development is.
Synopsis: Zhang Shu led his troops to pacify Liangshan at night, and then swept away the remaining Yanshan and other forces, leading all the troops to return to Beijing from Caozhou, greeting them everywhere along the way, which was very powerful and glorious. When he arrived in Tokyo at the beginning of September, Emperor Huizong of Song personally went out to the outskirts to greet the generals. The people talked about the captured Song Jiang and thirty-six others, Tianzi and the ministers entering the city, Song Jiang and others were imprisoned by the Ministry of Punishment, all of them were executed on the sixth day of September, and Emperor Huizong of Song set up a banquet to entertain the meritorious ministers. The next day, Emperor Huizong of Song ordered zhang Shuye and other images of meritorious servants of Pingding Liangshan to be put into the Huiyou Pavilion as a reward. After a few days, Emperor Huizong of Song remembered that before the expedition, Zhang Tianshi of Longhu Mountain had said that Zhang Shuye and other gods of the Thunder Department in the heavens were mortals, so he summoned Zhang Tianshi to Tokyo, Zhang Tianshi said all the people's positions in the heavens, and told Song Huizong that Emperor Yu also summoned eighteen immortals to help General Lei fight against Liangshan, and told the origin of the scattered immortals, Song Huizong also ordered the praise of the scattered immortals, and Zhang Tianshi also told Song Huizong that although the one hundred and eighteen people of Liangshan were dead, their souls were not destroyed, and it would take a hundred years before they could be completely ambushed. Emperor Huizong of Song was also afraid that there were still remnants of liangshan and feared another incident, so he summoned Zhang Shuye, Yun Tianbiao, and Chen Xizhen to come to consult.
(Illustration of Zhang Tianshi's explanation of Lei's origins to Emperor Huizong of Song in the late Qing Dynasty's "Dangkou Zhi")
Du Tou Yue: This time it shows the final outcome of one hundred and eight good men in Liangshan, and details the origin of the Thunder General Sanxian. As a sequel to the Water Margin, "Dang Kou Zhi" can also be regarded as a divine and demonic novel, the author regards Song Jiang and other good people of Liangshan as demons, and arranges for the Jade Emperor to send the Heavenly Court Leibu generals and the Scattered Immortals to ambush the demons together, with obvious mythological overtones. But Yu Wanchun undoubtedly misinterpreted the willingness of "Water Margin", although the opening chapter of Water Margin also said that "Hong Taiwei mistakenly took the demon", but this "demon" is not a demon and ghost in the traditional sense, but a heavenly star who has been trained according to Providence, and finally returns to the heavenly court after completing the mission. For example, when Lieutenant Hong put gang fu, the book said, "First, the heavenly gang stars will be born, and second, the Song Dynasty will show loyalty." Later in the text, Luo Zhenren once said: "Poor Dao knows that this person is the number of heavenly killing stars in the upper realm." Because the work of the sentient beings in the lower earth is too heavy, they punish him to come down and kill. The Nine Heavenly Xuannu also said to Song Jiang: "Because the Star Lord's demonic heart has not been broken, the Dao has not been safe, and he will be punished temporarily, and soon he will re-ascend to the Purple Mansion, and he must not forget it in the slightest." It can be seen that Liangshan 108 Gang Xuan is the right god in the heavens, but because "the demon heart is not broken", coupled with the fact that "the work of the sentient beings in the lower earth is too heavy", the Jade Emperor temporarily punished Gang Xuan and stirred up Qiankun, and while alerting the world, he also completed Gang Xuan's self-cultivation. However, Yu Wanchun obviously misinterpreted GangXu as a demon in the traditional sense, and it is necessary to get rid of it quickly, so the natural Gangxu's encounter will be very different from the original work. Speaking of which, let's first look at the historical allusions involved in this review.
There are two allusions involved in this return, the first of which is that after Zhang Shuye waited for him to enter Beijing to offer captivity, the Son of Heaven gave a feast of praise, and during the feast, "those who are good at chanting among the courtiers all praise and answer, and praise the merits of the Son of Heaven." Fan Jinmen commented here, "Read the Knot Water Margin, and meet the deer Ming Tianbao, Daqi." LuMing Tianbao, also known as "Shijing, Xiaoya LumingzhiShi Tianbao", is a poem by courtiers congratulating the monarch. After Zhou Keshang, the rulers of Zhou believed that their regime was under the command of heaven, and in view of the lessons of the demise of Yin Shang, they practiced moral government to appease the people, and the country became increasingly stable. At this time, a number of poems were produced that praised the heavens and the monarch. This poem is one of them. The original text of the poem reads: "Tianbao Ding'er, also kong zhigu." Bal single thick, why not get rid of it? Balto benefits, to no less. Tianbaodinger, Bale. Nothing is inappropriate, subject to heaven and earth. Descending, Verri is insufficient. Tianbao Ding'er, to Mo is not happy. Like a mountain like a fu, like a gang like a mausoleum, like a river in the direction of the river, there is no increase. Ji Gong is a feast, which is to enjoy filial piety. Yu Ancestral Temple, Yu Gongxian King. Junyue: Buer, long life has no boundaries. God's hanging, Odolfo. The quality of the people, daily diet. The people of Qunli are all over Erde. Like the constant of the moon, like the rising of the sun. Such as the life of Nanshan, it does not collapse. Such as the pine cypress, there is no need or inheritance. Fan Jinmen inscribed Lu Ming Tianbao here, which means that Zhang Shuye and other ministers praised the merits of Emperor Huizong of Song, and like the Ministers of the Zhou Dynasty who wished zhou Tianzi, they were all portrayals of the prosperous world.
The second allusion is that after Zhang Shuye waited for the victorious class master, Emperor Huizong of Song asked someone to take the portrait of Zhang Shuye and others and prepare to hide them in the Hui you Pavilion to show his honor. "When Tianzi saw this, he personally mentioned the imperial pen inscription: Zhongshu Zhengfu Tongping Zhangshi, Dian ShuaiFu Commandery Tai wei, and Zhang Jizhong, the founding king of the founding county, (the word is not named, imitating the meaning of the Qilin Pavilion Huo Guang is not named.) "What does qilin ge huo guang mean by namelessness?" It turned out that in the third year of Ganlu, the lord of the Western Han Dynasty, Emperor Xuan of Han, surrendered to the Han Dynasty because of the Xiongnu, recalling that in the past, he assisted the meritorious ministers, but let people paint eleven images of heroes in the Qilin Pavilion to show respect and commemoration, and later generations often compared them with the twenty-eight generals of Yuntai and the twenty-four heroes of Lingyange, thinking that they were the most glorious for the people.
However, according to the "Zizhi Tongjian", "The beauty of the Shangyi Rong Di Binfu and the SiGu Humerus is to draw his person in the Qilin Pavilion, to fa his appearance, and to sign his official title and name." Only Huo Guang was not named, known as 'Grand Sima (大司馬), Great General (大將軍), Marquis of Bolu (博陸侯), and his surname was Huo (何氏).' That is to say, Huo Guang was the head of the eleven heroes of the Qilin Pavilion, but he did not write his name like other heroes, only his surname, what was the reason for this?
For this problem, there are two main views, one is that Huo Guang's merit is too great, and not directly writing his name is respect and reverence for him, similar to the honor of some ministers in ancient times who enjoyed the honor of wearing swords and shoes to the main hall; and the other analysis is just the opposite, although Huo Guang was a generation of powerful and loyal ministers in the Western Han Dynasty, he made great contributions to the country, but he did not do enough to discipline his family, and within a few years after his death, his family was beheaded by Emperor Xuan of Han because of conspiracy, because Huo Guang's merits could not be hidden. But at the same time, the rebellion of the Huo family could not be hidden, so Emperor Xuan of Han still made Huo Guang the first when he erected a statue of the hero who assisted him in the Qilin Pavilion, but only wrote his surname and was reluctant to mention his name. In the "Lang Kou Zhi", Yu Wanchun wrote the name of Zhang Shuye instead of his real name Zhang Shuye when he wrote the name of Tianzi, but wrote Zhang Jizhong, obviously believing that Zhang Shuye calmed Song Jiang and Fang La, and that he was of great merit, so not writing his name was a respect for him. But it is very coincidental that with the analysis of Huo Guang qilin ge only write the surname and not the name of the second analysis, Zhang Shuye also applies exactly. Because his second son Zhang Bofen did not serve the country like his father in the historical records, but surrendered to the enemy country. According to the Chronicle of the Lineage Since Jianyan, "The Jin people used the pseudo-Qi Yin Qing Guanglu Doctor and the Crown Prince Fu Zhang Xiaochunquan to carry out the Tai Shang Shu Zuo Xiang ,...... He also made Du Chong, the soldier Langzhong, and Zhang Zhongxiong, the Guanglu Temple, both serving in Xingtai. Chong, Chongzi; Zhongxiong, Shu Yezi also. It can be seen that the thunder god Zhang Zhongxiong in "Dang Kou Zhi" actually defected to the enemy of the Song Dynasty, Jin Guo, and became a traitor in history. Therefore, I think that if this understanding is followed, then Zhang Shuye in the novel should be written as "Zhongshu Zhengfu Tongping Zhangshi, Dian ShuaiFu Commandery Commandery Taiwei, Kaiguo Junwang, surnamed Zhang." "That's it.
After talking about the allusions, let's talk about an interesting plot in this return, after Zhang Shuye waited for victory and returned to Beijing, "The Son of Heaven was divided into officials, and he issued an edict of grace, and held all the celebrations in the world." He also sent the facts of the merits of the wenchen wu who pacified Liangshan Po from beginning to end into the orchestra. The Heavenly Son,Heavenly Emperor Gave a Feast, led the group of ministers to watch the drama, and when they saw the merits of a certain minister, they gave a certain minister a glass of wine. Greater than the righteousness of the wine Chenhan, singing poems, praising the merits of the Qunchen. ”
That is to say, Emperor Huizong of Song had zhang Shuye and other deeds of Pingding Liangshan into a drama and performed them at banquets to commend the merits of the courtiers. In fact, this plot design is not fictional, "Dang Kouzhi" as an "anti-water margin" novel, but not the first work of the "anti-water margin" ideological tendency. If we comb through the works of the Daoguang period from the late Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, we will find that there are three works that have already shown the ideological tendency of "anti-water margin", namely Jin Shengsi's criticism of the "Water Margin", "Xuanhe Spectrum", and "Zhongyi Xuantu". Needless to say, the Golden Batch Of Water Margin is the pioneering work of the "anti-Water Margin" ideological tendency, and "Dang Kou Zhi" was created by continuing the Golden Batch Book Water Margin. The two works of "Xuanhe Spectrum" and "Zhongyi Xuantu" are both operas, and it is likely that they had an impact on Yu Wanchun's creation of "Dang Kou Zhi". Regarding the "Xuanhe Spectrum", Mr. Zheng Zhenduo wrote in the "Xuanhe Spectrum" article of the "Secretary of the Robbery": "The miscellaneous dramas with the theme of "Water Margin" are the most in the second generation of the Yuan and Ming Dynasties. ...... However, the "Xuanhe Spectrum" is a reversal of the case (also known as "Turning the Water Margin"), ending with Wang Jin, Luan Tingyu, Hu Cheng, and others to suppress the Water Margin. He was influenced by Jin Sheng's "Water Margin" and served as a precursor to Yu Zhonghua's "Dang Kou Zhi". "Xuanhe Spectrum" can be regarded as a precedent for creating the ideological tendency of the folk Water Margin opera "anti-Water Margin", while "Zhongyi Xuantu" is a court drama, which is added, deleted and embellished by the imperial literati according to the emperor's instructions according to the 120 copies of the "Complete Biography of water margin" and some old water margin miscellaneous dramas and legends. The basic context is consistent with the Water Margin, but from the perspective of the ruler, he vigorously denounced the good Han of Liangshan for "false benevolence and false righteousness" and "cheating the world and stealing names", and finally arranged for Song Jiang and 108 other people to go to hell for trial, while the "loyal" Zhang Shuye, Li Ruoshui and other ministers traveled to the Heavenly Palace after their deaths, and feasted on the immortals, which formed a sharp contrast with the good Han of Liangshan, and this idea of "honoring the king and destroying the Kou" can be said to be in the same line as the "Lang Kou Zhi". "Zhongyi Xuantu", as a court drama performed by the Emperor of the Qing Dynasty to reward meritorious ministers, is the realistic prototype of the acting plot of Song Huizong's feast in "Dang Kou Zhi". As representative works of folk and court "anti-Water Margin" opera, Yu Wanchun is likely to have been exposed to it, and as for the specific details, we need to further explore and study it.