Liaoning white cattle is a breed formed by cross-breeding with Charolai cattle as the father and cattle from Liaoning as the mother, and after long-term selection. Liaoyu white cattle have the characteristics of genetic stability, consistent appearance characteristics, strong adaptability, tolerance to rough feeding, large body size, rapid weight gain, meat production, good meat quality, high reproductive rate, and strong stress resistance. Let's take a closer look at it: Liaoning white cattle fattening and feeding points and their rapid fattening technology
The fattening period of Liaoning white cattle is 90 to 120 days. Liaoning white cattle fattening is best in autumn, followed by spring and winter.
According to the characteristics of the feeding area, make full use of the diversification of forage and carry out reasonable collocation, which requires an appropriate feed intake and also needs to ensure good quality and adequate feeding. The diet of Liaoning white cattle is generally composed of two parts: coarse feed and refined feed, the structure of refined and roughage in the diet of feeding Liaoning white cattle must be reasonable, with the advancement of the fattening period of Liaoning white cattle, the proportion of refined and coarse materials in the diet should also change: the initial roughage accounts for 70%, the refined feed accounts for 30%; the medium-term roughage accounts for 60%, the refined feed accounts for 40%; the final feed ratio changes with the date. The ratio of refined feed must be reasonable, and conditional cattle farms can use the formula recommended by professional ruminant feed manufacturers to feed coarse feed (corn, wheat straw, green hay, etc.) and then add concentrate, mix evenly, and feed until full. The amount of concentrate used is: 1.5-3% of body weight.
Liaoning white cattle should be fed regularly, give less to give, and the amount of feeding for the last time in the evening should be larger, because the White Cattle of Liaoning breeding will also feed at night, which can improve the fattening effect.
To meet the needs of fattening cattle drinking water, the method of free drinking water is the most appropriate. However, the northern winter is cold, free drinking water has certain difficulties, so you can only drink water regularly, to ensure that you drink water at least 3 times a day, the water temperature is best not less than 10 ° C.
Ensure the environmental hygiene of the living environment of the white cattle fattening cattle in Liaoning. The inside and outside of the pen of the Liaoning white cattle should be strictly cleaned, and the treatment of regular spraying of chemical solution disinfection and insecticidal and rat killing should be carried out. Sinks and feeding sinks should be washed clean and new bedding should be laid on the cow beds. During fattening of white cattle in Liaoning, in vivo and external parasites should be expelled. The body of the cattle is often given a brush swab, 1 to 2 times a day, from beginning to end, first on the back, the posterior femur and limbs, requiring repeated brushing.
Reserve cattle that breed white cattle to fatten should be quarantined head by head, and at the same time, they should do a good job of vaccination of infectious diseases to prevent the spread of diseases between cattle and cattle, bringing unnecessary economic losses to farmers.
1. The choice of fattening cattle
The best fattening period for Liaoning white cattle is 18 to 36 months old. From the outside, cattle of this age group are in good health, natural in appearance, flexible in both ears, bright eyes, moist nose mirrors, square mouth, short and wide mouth, long body, thick limbs, and large skeleton. Cattle that meet these characteristics have fast growth, easy fattening, feed conversion rate and high economic benefits. If old, weak, sick and residual cattle are selected for fattening, their growth rate is slow, the fattening effect is poor, the feed conversion rate is low, and the economic benefits are low.
2. Preparation of diets
According to the physical condition, expected daily weight gain and optional feed of Liaoning white cattle, check the beef cattle feeding standards to prepare fattening cattle diets. The diet of fattening cattle is mostly based on corn, lees and other concentrates as the main energy source, protein feed is mainly cottonseed meal, and roughage is green (yellow) stored corn straw as the main feed.
3. Breeding management
(1) Slotting, positioning. According to the size, strength and temper of the fattening cattle, the position of the tether in the house or outside the house is determined. The reins of the tether should be short, generally 40 to 60 cm is appropriate, to prevent collision with each other and increase the consumption of exercise. The tethering method of "one cow, one pile, one slot, one rope" should be actively promoted.
(2) Feeding. Fattening cattle are fed 3 times in summer and autumn, twice in winter and spring, and drink water once an hour after feeding. The amount of concentrate should be fed from less to more, gradually transitioning so that it gradually adapts to the fattening diet. After adaptation, cattle should be allowed to eat as much as possible to promote their growth. It is fed in a mixture of fine and coarse mixtures and free food intake.
(3) Deworming. The parasites inside and outside the cow should absorb the blood and nutrients of the cattle, and the bites will cause the cattle to be uneasy; the parasitic bites can promote the local inflammatory response of tissues and organs, parasitize the brain of the cattle to produce neurological symptoms, parasitize the lungs to cause cough, and parasitize the digestive system to affect nutrient absorption. In short, the presence of parasites in and out of cattle will directly affect the fattening effect. Therefore, deworming should be arranged immediately after the fattening cattle are purchased for 2 to 3 hours. The drugs commonly used for fattening cattle to deworm are ivermectin, albendazole, avermectin, iodothersamide, etc., which can receive a good deworming effect, and the dose is applied according to the instructions.
(4) Stomach. The main use of stomach medicine to stimulate taste receptors, reflexively cause digestive juice secretion increase, promote appetite, improve digestive function, promote the absorption of various nutrients. Stomach strengthening can be performed once after 3 hours of deworming. The drugs commonly used to fatten the stomach of fattening cattle are salt-flavored stomach medicines - artificial salts, and the oral dose is 50 to 60 grams per cow per time.
(5) Barn. Closed barn winter shed temperature should be maintained above 6 °C, summer house temperature is lower than 25 °C, you can also choose the right weather to tie the cattle bolt to the outside of the house; open circle winter to buckle plastic film warm shed, so that the temperature is not less than 5 °C, summer to ventilate well, set up a shed shade.
(6) Hygiene. Before cattle enter the house, the ground and walls should be sprayed with 20% fire alkali solution for disinfection, the utensils should be disinfected with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution, and then rinsed with water, and the ground, walls and utensils should be disinfected regularly; the feces should be removed in time to keep the inside and outside of the house clean.
(7) Brush swab. Brushing can not only keep the cow body clean and enhance the resistance of the skin, but also promote blood circulation in the cattle body and promote metabolism. Frequent brushing of the cattle body makes the cattle more docile and easy to manage. Brushing should be first reverse brush, and then smooth brush, brush once a day in the morning and afternoon, but do not brush during feeding, so as not to affect feeding and contaminate feed.
4. Timely column
The determination of the time of the barn is not only related to the meat production and quality of the cattle, but also affects the economic benefits of cattle raising. The timing of beef cattle is determined according to the appetite, fat deposition status, muscle enrichment and market conditions of the cattle. Fattening cattle are fully muscular, ribs are open, shoulder and rib combination is better, hip muscles are wider and flat, full, leg meat is full, use hands to touch the ear roots, ribs, sternum, testicles and other parts, feel the fat is well attached, if the market price is appropriate, at this time can be considered out of the bar.
The essence of The rapid fattening technology of Liaoning White Cattle is to meet the nutritional conditions required by cattle for growth and development, so that its bones and internal organs can be fully developed, and then use high-energy feed to accelerate the accumulation of cattle muscle and fat to achieve the purpose of short-term rapid weight gain. It is a new technology with short time, fast results and high efficiency to increase beef production, improve beef quality and increase the output rate of Liaoning white cattle.