Cool Red Bull
"Pingliang Red Bull" refers to the commodity brand of red cattle that has been bred and improved for a long time under the specific natural environment and fine breeding methods of Pingliang, Gansu, China, including various hybrid cattle including local Qinchuan cattle, which are known for their thick skin and tender meat. It is mainly distributed in the four counties of Kuntong District, Jingchuan, Lingtai, Chongxin and Huating in the east of Pingliang City and the surrounding areas. At present, there are more than 500,000 heads in captivity.
1, appearance characteristics: coat red, large physique, strong physique, symmetrical structure, thick bones, good muscle development; bulls have horns, horns are flat and round, small and blunt, commonly known as "radish horn", "knot horn", horns, hooves, nose mirror is flesh red; bulls have obvious shoulder peaks; adult bulls average body height of 140 cm, cows 124 cm; adult bulls average weight of 550 kg, cows 430 kg.
2. Production performance:
(1) Strong adaptability, tolerance to rough feeding, strong disease resistance, gentle temperament, good management.
(2) Rapid growth and development, the newborn calf weighs 27.4 kg, the female calf 25 kg, the 18-month-old bull weighs 450 kg, and the cow weighs 410 kg.
(3) Fast fattening and high lean meat rate. The slaughter rate and net meat rate of fattening cattle weighing more than 550 kg are 64% and 54% respectively, the output of high-grade meat blocks accounts for 5.2% of the live weight, and the output of high-quality meat blocks accounts for 9.3% of the live weight.
(4) Good skin and meat processing performance. "Pingliang Red Bull" leather is thick, tough and high-quality in processing performance; the meat is tender and delicious, the marble pattern is obvious, the content of essential amino acids is high, and the nutrition is rich.
Pingliang straddles longshan (Guanshan) and is located in eastern Gansu, at the confluence of the three provinces of Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia, at latitudes 34°54' to 35°43'N and longitudes 105°43' to 107°45'E. It belongs to the gully area of the Loess Plateau and the loess hilly gully area, and there are both mountains, rivers and mountains. It has jurisdiction over Kundong District and 6 counties of Jingchuan, Lingtai, Chongxin, Huating, Zhuanglang and Jingning.
Cattle breeding is a traditional industry of Pingliang farmers, who have accumulated ancestral experience in using alfalfa, wheat straw and corn straw as coarse forage, using corn, wheat bran and oil residue as refined feed, and raising cattle. In terms of cattle breeds, due to the border with Shaanxi, the traditional livestock trade between Gansu and Shaanxi is frequent, and the Qinchuan cattle are introduced and mixed with local cattle, forming a different algebraic hybrid cattle and Qinchuan cattle adapted to local environmental conditions, and the two groups have formed a unique basic group of "Pingliang Red Bull" after long-term mixed breeding and careful selection and breeding by the local people.
Since 1979, the province has promoted the artificial distribution and improvement technology of frozen semen of cattle, and while the city originally used Qinchuan bulls to improve the original breeding, it has also introduced the economic hybridization of local cattle with foreign meat with Limuxin cattle, German cattle, Danish red bulls, shorthorn cattle and Qinchuan cattle, accelerating the pace of improvement, further improving the quality of breeds, and promoting the transformation from service cattle breeding to serving meat and meat service combined use. The cattle breeding base is constantly growing, and the breed structure is gradually optimized. By the end of 2001, the number of cattle raised in the city reached 502,500 heads, and 142,300 commercial cattle were released, ranking first in the province's agricultural areas. Among them, Qinchuan and Qinchuan beef cattle account for 80%, and other red hybrid beef cattle account for more than 15%.
Since 1990, after the efforts of positioning itself as a pillar industry of the rural economy and the leading industry of the city's economy, the Pingliang Red Bull industry has made great progress in all aspects of breeding scale, processing and circulation, forming the basic framework of integrated operation of breeding, processing and trade, and entering the initial stage of industrial operation.
First, the construction of the base has formed a regional and large-scale pattern. The five counties (districts) of Kuntong, Jingchuan, Lingtai, Chongxin and Huating are key development areas, with cattle breeding accounting for more than 90% of the city, and 24 10,000 cattle townships, 71 1,000 cattle villages, 249 100-head cattle cooperatives and 3,900 large cattle breeding households with more than 100 heads have been built. The total number of cattle raised on a large scale is 246,000 heads, accounting for more than 50% of the total cattle raised in the five counties (districts).
The second is to improve product processing capacity. It has formed the processing capacity of more than 60 kinds of products in six series of beef, food, leather, leather products, bone products and biochemical drugs. The total slaughtering capacity reached 200,000 heads, and the leather processing capacity reached 600,000 sheets. Created the "Xukang Brand" series of food, "Jingxing Brand" beef bone marrow oil tea and "Jinghe Brand" bone products and other brands. Products are in short supply.
Third, market sales channels have been continuously expanded. A three-level marketing system has been initially formed: the city has formed a marketing network with the beef wholesale market, fur market and live cattle trading market in Kuntong District as the core, and more than 30 live cattle trading markets in counties and townships as the backbone; based in the northwest and north China, it has formed a fixed sales channel that radiates more than 20 provinces and regions across the country, and some products have entered foreign markets such as Hong Kong and Russia and the Middle East.
Fourth, the technical content has been improved. Variety optimization, short-term fattening of beef cattle, scientific modulation and feeding of forage, construction of cattle greenhouses, prevention of cattle disease, meat hygiene inspection and other conventional technologies and the application and promotion of advanced technologies such as cattle embryo transfer, high-grade beef cattle production, and high-quality beef processing have improved the technical content of the cattle industry, and the average application technology of key cattle farmers is more than 3. The reputation of Red Bull Pingliang has spread at home and abroad.
Fifth, industrial benefits are becoming increasingly prominent. In 2001, the total income of the cattle industry reached 650 million yuan, the net income was 270 million yuan, and the total tax paid by the industry was 25 million yuan.
On August 26, 2018, "Charming Chinatown" featured Pingliang Red Bull as a representative of Pingliang cuisine.