In 1260 AD, Emperor Lizong of Song stopped using the era name Kaiqing for only one year and changed the era name to Jingding. In March 1260, Kublai Khan ascended the throne with the support of the Han landlord class and some Mongol emperors; in April, Kublai Khan established Zhongshu Province to oversee state affairs; in May, Kublai Khan promulgated the Edict of the Enthronement and established the Yuan Dynasty. Ali Buko was also known as Khan, and immediately engaged in a four-year war with Kublai Khan on the throne (throne). The internal contradictions of the Mongols provided the Southern Song With a brief period of tranquility before its demise, but the Southern Song did not make good use of these four years but continued to go further and further down the path of corruption and demise. Song Lizong also completed the last few years of his life in this false tranquility. On The fifth day of the fifth year of Jingding (November 16, 1264), Zhao Yun died of illness and reigned for forty years at the age of sixty. The will of the crown prince Zhao Yu was the emperor and Emperor Duzong of Song.
From 1260 to 1264 AD, Song Lizong minted the year number Qian Jingding Qian, Jingding Qian only had Yuan Bao Qian, copper coins, there were Xiaoping and Fold Ii, Qian Wen kai shu direct reading, back to the era of the yuan to five have a light back.
Meipin Jingding Yuanbao
Jingding Yuanbao Xiaoping, with a slightly less light back
Jingding Yuanbao folded two, and there was also a slightly less light back
Following the precedent, during the Jingding years, it was also found that palace money, Qian Wenjing Ding Ten Thousand Years, and the book was read directly.
Jingding Wannian Palace money
In 1265, Emperor Duzong of Song changed his era name to Xian Chun, and in the same year, he minted the year name Qian Xian Chun Qian - Xian Chun Yuanbao. Xian Chun Yuanbao was the last year number coin of the Southern Song Dynasty, and there were also Deyou, Jingyan, Xiangxing and other year numbers after that, but none of them were minted year number money, which can be seen on the market as counterfeits.
Xian Chun Yuanbao, there are copper coins and iron coins. The copper coins have Xiao Ping and Fold Two, and Qian Wenyi reads directly, memorizing the era to eight. The first four eras were slightly larger in existence, since 1268 Kublai Khan began to attack the Song Dynasty in an all-round way, the Southern Song Dynasty collapsed, the national strength weakened rapidly, the amount of minting was unstable and biased towards minting large coins, and the amount of Small Flat Coins remained relatively small.
Xian Chun YuanBao copper coin Xiaoping, the first four years are relatively more
Xian Chun YuanBao copper coin Xiaoping, the last four era numbers are relatively few, especially the back eight
Xian Chun YuanBao fold two has a light back, slightly less
Xian Chun Yuan Bao Back Six has found a wide margin large sample, less surviving.
Xian Chun Yuan Bao back six, wide rim large sample
In addition, it was found that the folding three samples of the back nine belonged to the trial casting sample, which was only seen.
Back 9 fold three try casting sample, see only
A small amount of salty Chunyuan treasure iron money was found, bare back, and the amount of existence was not much.
Xian Chun Yuan Bao iron money, the amount of existence is not large
In the first year of Deyou (1274), after the Yuan army captured Xiang and Fan, Kublai Khan summoned Ah Shu and others to return to the dynasty. Under the persuasion of Ah Shu, Kublai Khan ordered an army of 200,000 people to advance by land and water. In July, Duzong fell ill and died. Jia Xiangdao embraced his four-year-old son Zhao Xian as emperor. Jia Rudao remained in charge of the government. In the third year of Deyou (1276), the Yuan army captured the southern Song capital Lin'an (present-day Hangzhou) and captured the 5-year-old Southern Song Emperor Gongdi, and the Southern Song Dynasty was gone. However, the remnants of the Southern Song Dynasty, Lu Xiufu, Wen Tianxiang and Zhang Shijie, and others successively supported two young emperors (Duanzong and Young Lord) and established a small imperial court, and the Yuan army pursued the little emperor and continued to flee to the south, and Zhao Yan took the throne in Fuzhou, changing yuan jingyan (1276) for Duanzong. In November of the first year of Jing Yan, the Mongolian army approached Fuzhou, and on November 15, Chen Yizhong and Zhang Shijie escorted Zhao Yan and Zhao Fu to flee south by boat, and from then on the small imperial court could only travel by sea.
In the spring of the third year of Jing Yan (1278), the Southern Song Dynasty court arrived in Leizhou. On April 15, Zhao Yan, who was only eleven years old, died. Lu Xiufu and his courtiers supported Zhao Fu (bǐng) as emperor at Chau Mei Wei (in present-day MeiWo, Hong Kong) and changed his name to Yuan Xiangxing (1278). Fled to Xinhui to the South China Sea. Wen Tianxiang was defeated and captured at Haifeng, and under the onslaught of the Mongol army, Leizhou fell and the small imperial court moved to Yashan. The Mongol Yuan general Zhang Hongfan (張弘范) led the army in hot pursuit and launched a general attack on Yashan, the Song army was unable to fight, and the whole line was defeated, known in history as the Battle of Yamen.
On the sixth day of February in the second year of Song Xiangxing (1279), the remnants of the Southern Song Dynasty, who had been captured and cornered, were completely destroyed, and Lu Xiufu was completely desperate, and after appeasing the young lord, he tied the national seal to the young lord and committed suicide by jumping into the sea behind his back. Zhang Shijie wanted to break through after the defeat at Yashan Mountain, but learned that Lu Xiufu had committed suicide by jumping into the sea on his back, and he was unable to return to heaven, and finally drowned due to the hurricane overturning the ship. As Zhao Fu and Lu Xiufu and more than 800 members of the Zhao and Song imperial families collectively jumped into the sea to commit suicide, many loyal subjects followed him, and 100,000 soldiers and civilians jumped into the sea to martyr the country, and thus more than forty years of confrontation with mongolia ended in failure. The Southern Song Dynasty's 153-year rule in southern China ended, and the 320-year rule of the Zhao and Song dynasties in China also ended.
The Battle of the Fall of the Southern Song Dynasty