After years of neglect, the Royal Dutch East India Army (Koninklijk Nederlandsch-Indisch Leger) finally began experimenting with new materials to re-equip itself in 1936.
They acquired four Vickers tanks, two light tanks and two amphibious tanks, and KNIL was satisfied with the test results, so it ordered 73 light tanks.
In addition, 45 Wickers command tanks with firearms were ordered in 1939. But with the outbreak of war, the British needed all the resources and production facilities to strengthen their army, with fewer than 20 light tanks and no command tanks arriving in the Indies.
In desperate need of armor, KNIL turned to marmon-Herrington, the only non-European commercial tank manufacturing company at the start of World War II. A total of 628 tanks were ordered: 234 CTLS-4TA, 194 CTMS-ITB1 and 200 MTLS-1G14 tanks. The tanks were all designed on the same principle, but added some features at the request of the Dutch.
A complete order of 194 CTMS was completed, but only 31 had Dutch troops in its Caribbean colonies, including Suriname, Aruba, Curaçao and a number of smaller islands, also known as the "West Indies". As part of the Lend-Lease program, another 30 were sent to Cuba, Ecuador, Guatemala and Mexico, and became known as the "Dutch Three-Man Tank".
The CTMS (Medium Battle Tank Series) is essentially just a larger CTLS tank. The tracks have been redesigned and wider, 15 inches (38 cm) long. Some spare tracks are placed at the front of the disembarking hull. There are two small lights in front.
The tank was powered by a Hercules RLXDI in-line six-cylinder petrol engine. It produces 174 hp at 2600 rpm, which results in a top speed of 25 mph (40 km/h). The exhaust port is located on the left side and is covered by a grid. Three vents are located on the engine deck. The suspension consists of vertical worm springs and four small wheels. Two return rollers guide the tracks, with the sprockets located at the front. The sliding gear transmission is manually operated, with five gears forward and one reverse gear.
The main weapon was a 37 mm 44 caliber automatic gun. The gun was designed by the U.S. Armaments Corporation. The standard American 37 mm M5 or M6 gun is not suitable for mounting in a turret. The 0.30 Cal (7.62 mm) Colt machine gun was mounted on the coaxial axis. Up to three Colt machine guns could be fitted in the hull, but it seemed that a maximum of two could be used in any case. The gunner is equipped with a telescope through which he can aim at guns and coaxial machine guns.
Furthermore, the vehicle weighed 13 U.S. tons (11.340 kg), resulting in a ground pressure of 9 psi (0,633 kg/cm2). Tanks can take 50% of the slope. The armor consists of bolted plates. Three visual slits are located at the front of the hull, one on each side. There are also some slits in the turret, all protected by glass blocks.
As mentioned earlier, KNIL ordered a total of 628 tanks. Marmon-Herrington, which had no experience handling such large orders, suffered huge production delays and could not meet the first planned delivery date of 165 CTLS and 140 CTMS tanks on January 1, 1942.
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