In 1902, at a Nanyang College in Shanghai, an ink bottle caused a small earthquake in the field of education and incited a series of butterfly effects.
One afternoon, when Guo Zhenying, a Chinese language teacher at the public school, went to class, he found an empty ink bottle on his seat. He then decided that the students mocked him for not having ink in his chest, and demanded that the school expel three students.
Such domineering and authoritarianism incited the long-suppressed anger of the students.
In order to resist, more than 200 students from the school collectively withdrew from the school.
With nowhere to place the students who dropped out, The class teacher Cai Yuanpei found an old man, and two of Shanghai's top schools were born, one of which was the famous Fudan University.
Behind this, it is inseparable from the efforts of this old man, who is Ma Xiangbo, the founder of the two universities.
He is proficient in 7 Chinese words, donated hundreds of billions of family property, he has been the mayor of Nanjing, the president of Peking University, the adviser to the president, but he said that he had achieved nothing.
He hung all his life but eventually died in a foreign land, and he spent a hundred years and was bent on saving the country, but he was called a "slave to the country".
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="2">【1】</h1>
In the spring of 1840, Ma Xiangbo was born in a Catholic family.
As soon as he was born, his parents gave him a ritual baptism of the church and washed his name. And Ma Xiangbo is also as his name suggests, and his skin is like a stubborn stone. Therefore, his parents sent him to private school early.
In the private school, Ma Xiangbo is a typical "other person's child", WITH an online IQ, a top-notch student, and likes to tinker with celestial fortunes.
Slowly, the small private school could no longer fit the world in Ma Xiangbo's eyes. Therefore, at the age of 12, Ma Xiangbo carried his bags alone, waded through the mountains and waters, and walked for 11 days to Xuhui Public School in Shanghai.
Here, Ma Xiangbo's talent was unleashed, to what extent he was so powerful that he could easily control eight disciplines, whether it was philosophy, theology, mathematics, or astronomy.
Not only that, Ma Xiangbo was also proficient in seven languages and switched freely, he was a real Versailles teenager of that era.
There is no end to learning, and Ma Xiangbo has been using books as a companion for more than twenty years.
At the age of thirty, he received a doctorate in theology, became the principal of Xuhui Public School, and held important positions in the Society of Jesuits.
However, in the Society of Jesus, foreigners always looked high, arrogant, and looked down on Chinese, and although Ma Xiangbo learned only in one belly, he was still belittled and ridiculed among a group of foreign priests.
Since then, the seeds of patriotism have taken root in his heart. He wanted to work hard but couldn't find direction.
The great famine in 1876 made Ma Xiangbo's life trajectory deviate for the first time.
This famine exposed the church's arsenic-coated behavior of benevolence, which ignored the fleeing people.
When deserters starve at the church gates, they not only did not distribute food to the refugees, but also expelled them. If they can't be expelled, they will directly close the door and turn a deaf ear.
But Ma Xiangbo, who was concerned about the people, could not ignore it, so he went everywhere and raised 2,000 taels of silver to relieve the victims.
At this time, the Church of Jesus not only did not feel ashamed of itself, but also stood on the moral high ground to make various accusations against Ma Xiangbo and scold him for hypocrisy.
Faced with the hypocrite behavior of the church, Ma Xiangbo, enraged, resigned his position as headmaster and fled the church.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="6">【2】</h1>
It was this escape that gave his life another label: traitor.
Ma Xiangbo, who left the Church of Jesus, wanted to take the road of politics, so he, at the recommendation of his younger brother Ma Jianzhong, knocked on the door of Li Hongzhang, the governor of Zhili.
At this time, Li Hongzhang was promoting the foreign affairs movement and was eager for talents, and the two hit it off.
Ma Xiangbo, who has a profound knowledge of language, has become Li Hongzhang's most effective translator. At the negotiating table, where there is Li Hongzhang, there must be Ma Xiangbo.
At this time, Ma Xiangbo can always turn a trace of joy in his heart, because for him to learn something, to learn something useful, to be able to rely on what he has learned for the rest of his life for the country is the greatest satisfaction.
But in 1886, his tenth year of following Li Hongzhang, his life was once again subverted by raising money.
This year, Li Hongzhang was sitting in a difficult position because he could not raise naval military funds.
Raising money is Ma Xiangbo's strong point, and with Li Hongzhang's permission, Ma Xiangbo went to the United States for loans.
With his smooth mouth and super high negotiation skills, Ma Xiangbo obtained loans from 24 banks in the United States, amounting to as much as 500 million.
However, Ma Xiangbo's wave of divine manipulation frightened the Qing government. They felt that ma Xiangbo could borrow so much money, and he must have sold his soul and colluded with foreigners.
Therefore, Ma Xiangbo, who did his best to do things for the Qing government, sat on the cold bench for no reason, and the money he had painstakingly raised was not only unused, but also became a "traitor".
But even so, he still stood with Li Hongzhang, fighting against the collapse of the building in the late Qing Dynasty.
The defeat in the Sino-Japanese War completely cut off Ma Xiangbo's path to political salvation.
At the familiar negotiating table on that side, even if Ma Xiangbo was witty and mediated and used fluent language to fight with words, it was still impossible to erase the lethality of those treaties that humiliated the country.
After that, the label of "traitor" was like a piece of dog skin plaster, tightly attached to Ma Xiangbo's body.
"Proficient in the Seven Chinese, he is not a dog for foreigners."
The beam of light that once made him wear glory turned into a ruthless thorn at this moment, penetrating into the flesh, hurting but not seeing blood.
The most helpless thing is that even his own mother does not believe in himself, and he put down a cruel word: "I do not have such a son."
Even before he died, Ma Xiangbo was not allowed to see himself for the last time.
At his mother's funeral, Ma Xiangbo cried loudly, he was crying for himself. He had tortuous all the way, and wanted to protect the country in his own way, but he was misunderstood, insulted, and abandoned by his relatives. He also cried for the country, and he didn't know where the stormy Road to China was.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="12">【3】</h1>
If Ma Xiangbo stumbled and searched for the way in the first half of his life, then the second half of his life was paving the way on the ground.
In 1900, the 60-year-old Ma Xiangbo realized that only education could open up the wisdom of the people and save China.
Therefore, he donated all three thousand acres of his fertile land to the Catholic Church for investment in education, and made a note that "after self-sacrifice, there will be no remorse."
At this time, Cai Yuanpei, who was the class teacher at Nanyang Public School, happened to find Ma Xiangbo with the children who had dropped out of school because of the "ink bottle incident".
The reason why Cai Yuanpei found Ma Xiangbo is because Ma Xiangbo is his Latin teacher, and the two have similar ideas and tacit understanding in education. Therefore, when the children who dropped out of school did not have books to read, Cai Yuanpei thought of Ma Xiangbo for the first time.
In this way, with the assistance of the Catholic Church, the first private school in China was born.
Ma Xiangbo named him "Aurora University", which is Sanskrit and means "the sunrise of the East, unlimited future".
Under the call of Cai Yuanpei, Aurora University became an Internet celebrity school at that time, and students came from all over society.
Whether it is management or teaching, Ma Xiangbo's concept is particularly advanced, he advocates student freedom, and even school affairs are elected and managed by students themselves.
In his lectures, he advocated: "It is better to teach them to fish than to teach them to fish." Teaching computing, he not only taught the algorithms, but also told them the principles so that they really understood the internal logic of the algorithms; teaching English, he advocated natural phonics, rather than learning a few words of bulk English on a hasty matter.
For the admission of students, Ma Xiangbo almost zero threshold, he said, education, not only to educate the younger generation, but also to relax to the middle-aged and elderly. Because they can immediately put what they have learned into the society to pay for.
Once, Shaanxi Caijun Yu Youren was wanted for writing poems mocking the Qing government, so he fled all the way to Shanghai.
When Ma Xiangbo heard about it, he stayed in the school and exempted him from various miscellaneous fees. When his academic cultivation reached the height of being a teacher, Ma Xiangbo decisively made a decision to let him stay in Aurora to teach.
In this way, Ma Xiangbo used his attitude and ability to cultivate a group of explosive tutors and students, running the school for less than a year, and the number of students increased by four or five times.
Even Liang Qichao specially presented a blessing sticker: "This is the first time to see a complete and organized private school in my motherland, and I want to be ecstatic."
However, as Ma Xiangbo's prestige grew day by day, the Catholic Church began to be dissatisfied, thinking that assisting in the establishment of the school would help them promote the church.
Ma Xiangbo advocated the freedom of education, not the freedom of the church.
The Catholic Church, which could not achieve its goal, wanted to secretly dissolve the academy and falsely claimed that Ma Xiangbo was seriously ill and blocked him in the hospital.
After the students learned, they once again dropped out of school en masse, rushed to the hospital, and crouched down next to Ma Xiangbo: "Principal, we have no books to read."
This time, Ma Xiangbo, who was almost seventy years old, began to travel from place to place again, raising loans.
With the support of the Governor of Liangjiang and Yan Fu and other patriots, the former desks were erected again.
In The Governor's Gate, a new school stands up in the torrent of the times, and it is today's Fudan University.
"The sun and the moon are shining, and the Dan Fudan is shining."
Ma Xiangbo did his best to support the children on the road to education.
The education power also allowed Ma Xiangbo to find the meaning of living, so he successively prepared Fu Jen University and Qiming Girls' Secondary School.
He scattered his family wealth, exhausted his efforts, and paved a longer and farther road of educating people for the motherland.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="15">【4】</h1>
As long as the soul is not old, any age is just the beginning.
At the age of fifty, Ma Xiangbo was still a "traitor" in the mouths of the people, and at the age of sixty, he traveled from place to place to run education.
In his seventies, the highly respected Ma Xiangbo was once again pushed by fate onto the roller coaster, up and down, up and down.
In 1912, the Xinhai Revolution ushered in the dawn. The National Government was formed, and in this year, Ma Xiangbo was 72 years old.
One day, Sun Yat-sen came to the door and pleaded with Ma Xiangbo to become the mayor of Nanjing.
Ma Xiangbo, who had gray hair and dyed sideburns, seemed to have forgotten that he was a septuagenarian, and in his heart, the age at which he could serve as a state officer was a good age.
He firmly believes that China will eventually meet the dawn in the midst of turmoil and displacement.
Therefore, in the comings and goings, people can always see an old man running around for that era, busy and busy.
He served as a senior adviser to the Presidential Office and acted as president of Peking University at the invitation of student Cai Yuanpei.
Every step he takes makes future generations feel empowered.
But every step he took was also filled with sadness because of his inability to change the chaotic struggle between the warlords of that period.
The Beiyang government frequently changed hands, and each of them failed to change the chaotic situation, they were only busy fighting for turf, engaging in infighting, and robbing their own small profits, resulting in people's hearts and minds being scattered.
Ma Xiangbo, while trying, sighed.
Until Yuan Shikai became emperor, his patriotic dream was completely extinguished, and he was tired of the feudal era when cancer had fallen into the bone marrow.
So he gave up all his position and benefits and left in anger.
Even so, he still did not forget his patriotic intentions. During this period, he raised money to build the school, and even took out his granddaughter's tuition as an education fund for the Qiming Girls' High School.
In 1931, the gunshots of September 18 rang over the sky, and when The land of China fell in pieces, Ma Xiangbo, a 91-year-old man, panicked.
He shed tears, tears running down his cheeks and across ravines, like his patriotic road, full of twists and turns.
He didn't know what to do, he could only rely on speeches to spread the power of anti-Japanese national salvation, because his legs could not run, his hands were weak, and he could no longer rush to the battlefield like a young man.
All he could do was go to the streets and sell words to raise money: 30 yuan for a big word, 50 yuan for a couplet.
The old man in his 90s, dragging his weak body, hunched over, one after another, saved 100,000 yuan, all donated to the anti-Japanese volunteer army.
However, this still did not change the fact that most of the land had been lost at that time.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="19">【5】</h1>
Ma Xiangbo, as if he had raised money for a lifetime, from raising money to save the people, to raising money to build a school, to raising money to save the country, he was always running for money, he was always seeking perfection for the country.
He once said: "I am a dog that barks for a hundred years and has not woken up the people of china." ”
In 1939, the Xiangbei Victory, this station repelled the Japanese army, annihilated more than half of the enemy army, let people witness the Chinese army's strong will to fight, expanded China's influence in the anti-fascist war, of great significance.
At this time, Ma Xiangbo was lying in a hospital bed in Liangshan, Vietnam, and he could hardly move, but he was still sober-headed, and he was waiting for the good news from the front.
Finally, he waited for the good news of the Xiangbei Victory. That night, he died of ecstasy.
The old man struggled all his life on the road of patriotism, and he was still worrying about the country until his death.
Mr. Lu Xun once said: "Since ancient times, China has had people who have buried their heads in hard work, people who have worked hard, people who have asked for the people's lives, and people who have sacrificed their lives to seek the law -- they are the backbone of China. ”
And Ma Xiangbo is the kind of person who buries his head in patriotism, his life begins with love, and finally the country, he condenses patriotism into a kind of faith, throughout his life.
He was like a timeline of that era, experiencing the decay of the late Qing Dynasty, the turmoil of the Republic of China and the cruelty of the anti-Japanese resistance, and went through 5 emperors and 6 presidents.
History has left the imprint of time in his body.
Perhaps no one knows his name, but his patriotic Dan heart has always been like fudan's school motto: sun and moon, dan fudan xi.
. END .
【Text| North North】
Edit | Little Dragon】
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