Sulfonamides are synthetic antimicrobials, can inhibit the growth and reproduction of bacteria, a wide spectrum of antibacterial, Gram-positive bacteria and negative bacteria and some protozoa have a strong inhibitory effect, if combined with antibacterial synergists, the antibacterial effect can be increased by several times to dozens of times, and can appear a strong bactericidal effect.
It has played a great role in the prevention and control of bacterial infections and coccidiosis in livestock and poultry, and has become a widely used and popular drug in clinical practice. However, some problems have also been found, some farmers lack of understanding of the relevant knowledge of sulfonamide drugs, abuse or arbitrary increase in dose, resulting in sulfonamide poisoning, this phenomenon can be described as common, then, how to use sulfonamides correctly and reasonably? See below.
To use it correctly:
Sulfonamide sodium salt injection is more alkaline, the pH value is in the range of 9.0 ~ 10.5, injection, according to the different methods, the use of different concentrations. Intravenous injection should be given at a concentration of less than 5% to avoid causing thrombophlebitis. Subcutaneous injection should use a concentration of 0.5% to 5% to avoid causing tissue dermatitis necrosis. Intramuscular injection should be given at a concentration of less than 10% and injected into the deep muscle layers to avoid causing local swelling.
Dosage should be accurate:
The dosage of sulfonamides is closely related to its antibacterial principle, and it is necessary to make the concentration in its blood compete with p-aminobenzoic acid to achieve an absolute advantage in order to exert a better effect. The correct dosage is:
The first sudden dose is taken, and after that, according to the characteristics of different sulfonamides, the maintenance amount is repeated at regular intervals. Insufficient first dose, insufficient maintenance amount, no maintenance amount, or too long interval between repeated administrations, and premature discontinuation of the drug will reduce the treatment effect and delay the timing of treatment. Because of this, not only can not completely and completely eliminate the pathogenic bacteria, but can give them the opportunity to breathe "exercise", so that the remaining pathogenic bacteria to obtain drug resistance, into a bacterium that is not afraid of sulfonamides.
The dosage and interval of several commonly used sulfonamides are introduced as follows:
"Sulfadiazine", taken internally, the first dose is 0.2 grams per kilogram of body weight, the maintenance dose is 0.1 grams per kilogram of body weight, the interval is 12 hours, and the injection is 0.07 grams, 0.07 grams, 12 hours, respectively.
"Sulfamethazine", taken internally, is 0.2 g, 0.1 g, 12 to 24 hours, injection, 0.07 g, 0.07 g, 12 hours.
"Sulfaisoxazole", taken internally, is 0.2 g, 0.1 g, 6 to 8 hours.
"Sulfa methylisoxazole", taken internally, 0.2 g, 0.1 g, 8 to 12 hours, respectively.
"Sulfamidine", taken internally, is 0.2 g, 0.1 g, 8 to 12 hours.
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