Zhou Wenbin: A famous leader of the labor movement in eastern Jidong who spilled his blood

Source: Langfang Cloud News

Chow Moon-bin, whose original name was Kim Sung-ho, was born on September 23, 1908 in Hongnam-dong, Sinuiju, North Pyongan Province, North Pyongan Province, North Korea. In 1914, the family moved to Tongzhou, Beijing, joined the Chinese nationality, and later settled in Fuxingzhuang, Yanjiao Town, Sanhe City.

On October 17, 1944, the breakthrough battle of Yangjiapu in Jixian County, Tianjin was fierce and tragic. Among the martyrs, there was Zhou Wenbin, director of the organization department of the Jire Special Committee.

Throw yourself into the great Chinese revolution

In 1916, Zhou Wenbin entered The Luhe Primary School in Tongxian County, and was admitted to the Luhe Middle School in 1922. His father and brother participated in the revolution in Korea and China successively, and under the influence of their revolutionary ideas, he actively demanded progress, united progressive classmates, and often participated in some social activities. In 1926, at the age of 18, Zhou Wenbin was introduced by his second brother, Kim Yong-ho, and joined the Communist Party of China.

In 1927, Chiang Kai-shek launched the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup d'état and massacred communists in a frenzied manner. Regardless of his personal safety, Zhou Wenbin continued his revolutionary activities. In the autumn of that year, he successively recruited Kang Jingxin, Zhang Xueyuan (Zhang Zhen), Hong Qinglong, Zhang Shudi, Jin Xianghao (Zhou Wenbin's younger brother) and others to join the party. He also established the Luhe Middle School branch, and he served as secretary and party group leader. In the autumn of 1928, Zhou Wenbin and Zhang Zhen were admitted to Peking University and Fu Jen University respectively. The party organization sent Zhou Wenbin to engage in the party's secret work. He often told his classmates about the Red Regime in the Central Soviet Region and encouraged them to actively participate in the revolutionary struggle.

Led the Kailuan strike

In 1936, Hebei Province appointed Zhou Wenbin as the secretary of the Tangshan Working Committee and established the Tangshan Working Committee of the Communist Party of China, mainly to organize the labor movement work of the Kailuan Coal Mine.

Zhou Wenbin engaged in secret party activities under the cover of repairing radios at the East China Electric Materials Company in Tangshan. Because of his outstanding skills, he was quickly appreciated and trusted by the manager Zhao Yongsheng, and let him move to his dormitory. Taking advantage of the convenient conditions, Zhou Wenbin set up a transceiver in the dormitory to issue intelligence to the leading organs and receive relevant instructions from higher-level party organizations. Later, the radio wave was discovered by the enemy, arousing suspicion, and he left the electric material line. After that, Zhou Wenbin often went deep into the workers' areas and went to the places where the poor workers gathered, while treating the workers, he preached some revolutionary principles that were easy to understand, and enlightened the workers' consciousness of struggle. Zhou Wenbin successively operated in Tangshan and Zhao Gezhuang, secretly restoring and developing the party's organizations, so that the party's influence among the workers was getting bigger and bigger.

On March 12, 1938, Chen Sanjia, the director of the Zhao Gezhuang Mine, privately decided to implement the underground recording system. This underground brand house system, which exploits the blood and sweat of workers, aroused the opposition and anger of all the miners. Zhou Wenbin saw that the time was ripe, so he organized a secret meeting of underground party members and backbone cadres to contact each other, and on March 16, the prelude to the general strike was opened at the Zhao Gezhuang Mine.

On the evening of the 21st, at a meeting attended by Jie Zhenguo, Jiang Zhenyuan, and other activists, Zhou Wenbin proposed the strategy of "first pointing the spearhead at the British capitalists, while at the same time being wary of the sabotage and interference of the Japanese Kou," and decided to start a general strike in the whole mine on the afternoon of the 22nd.

At one o'clock in the afternoon of the 22nd, tens of thousands of workers surrounded the mine office building, and Chen Sanjia had to come out to meet with the workers. Under the influence of Zhao Gezhuang Mine, Linxi Mine and Tangjiazhuang Mining successively announced strikes. Under the leadership of the Party organization, 35,000 miners waged a mighty struggle. After repeated contests, the British capitalists had to agree to the conditions of the workers and signed a total of 16 labor agreements.

In July 1938, with the support of the Fourth Column of the Eighth Route Army, Li Yunchang, Hong Linge, Gao Zhiyuan and others launched a major anti-Japanese rebellion in Luan County, Qian'an, Fengrun, Zunhua and other counties, and established the Anti-Japanese Coalition Army. The news of the victory of the riots encouraged the coal miners in Kailuan. Therefore, under the leadership and command of Zhou Wenbin, Hu Zhifa and others, an uprising was held on the night of July 18, and more than 2,000 miners in the Zhao Gezhuang Mine participated in the anti-Japanese armed uprising. Absenteeism occupied the Zhao Gezhuang coal mine and Guye Station, and engaged in a fierce battle with the Japanese who came to besiege them. Because the enemy was strong and we were weak, Zhou Wenbin led a team to temporarily withdraw from the countryside, and then took advantage of the false fu to conquer Zhao Gezhuang. Under the mobilization and influence of Zhou Wenbin, more than 7,000 insurrectionary workers participated in the anti-Japanese coalition army in eastern Hebei.

Persist in the arduous struggle of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in Eastern Hebei

In October 1938, after the Fourth Column and the Anti-Japanese League withdrew to the west, the struggle environment in eastern Hebei became more difficult and harsh. Zhou Wenbin served as the director of the Political Department of the First Guerrilla Detachment and stubbornly persevered and fought bravely in eastern Hebei. In March 1939, the CPC Jirebian Special Committee was changed to the Jidong Prefectural Committee, and Zhou Wenbin was appointed secretary of the prefectural party committee. In July, the Jidong Prefectural Committee was changed to the Jidong Branch of the Party Committee of Jirecha District, and Zhou Wenbin was a member of the sub-committee. In the autumn of the same year, a large number of troops and cadres from eastern Hebei went to Pingxi for reorganization. Zhou Wenbin, who remained in eastern Hebei to lead the anti-Japanese struggle, together with Liu Chengguang and Ding Zhenjun, formed the Fifth and Ninth General Brigades of the Anti-Japanese Coalition and persisted in guerrilla warfare. It also established the first joint county party committee and anti-Japanese democratic government in eastern Hebei - the CPC Feng (Run) Luan (County) Qian (An) Joint County Committee and County Government. Zhou Wenbin concurrently served as secretary. In the summer of 1940, Zhou Wenbin led the opening up of the anti-Japanese base area in Luandong. In the winter of the same year, the Party Sub-Committee of Jidong District set up two prefectural committees: Zhou Wenbin, secretary of the Eastern Prefectural Committee, and Li Ziguang, secretary of the Western Prefectural Committee. Zhou Wenbin made arduous efforts to create and consolidate the anti-Japanese base areas in eastern Hebei.

In August 1941, the Japanese Kou dispatched more than 3,000 pseudo-vigilante troops to Jidong and carried out the third "public security strengthening campaign". In late October, the Party Sub-Committee of the Jidong District held a meeting, which adopted Zhou Wenbin's proposal to "resolutely eliminate the puppet vigilante army and smash the enemy's third 'plan to govern the strong.'" It was decided to transfer the main forces back to Guanli and carry out a campaign against the security forces. On November 15, the first battle of Zunhua Forty Mile Shop was successful, and more than 400 people of the security army were annihilated. The battle lasted for more than 80 days, destroying 8 enemy regiments.

At the beginning of 1943, Zhou Wenbin and Li Chu left to report on the work of Jidong in the Northern Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and the Jin-Cha-Ji Military Region. Zhou Wenbin made a "supplementary report on the work of Jidong". He mainly reported on the united front work and organizational problems in Jidong. The leaders of the Northern Bureau gave instructions on the work in Eastern Hebei. Zhou Wenbin also took this opportunity to find Zhang Zhen, an old classmate who works in the Industrial Department of the Military Region, to visit the arsenal and personally learn weapons-making techniques. In June, after Zhou Wenbin returned to Jidong, he immediately began to grasp military production. After many tests, an electric fire mine was created from a matchhead and a tungsten filament of a flashlight bulb. He participated in and built a grenadier with a high hit rate. Later, at Zhou Wenbin's request, Commander Nie Rongzhen asked the Ministry of Industry of the Military Region to send Huang Xichuan and more than a dozen other people to Jidong to help establish an arms factory, so that the weapons and ammunition of the eastern Hebei brigade had an important source of supplies.

A heart of blood spilled on Jidong

On July 7, 1943, the Jidong Prefectural Committee was changed to the Jirebian Special Committee, and Zhou Wenbin was appointed as the director of the organization of the special committee. On October 16, 1944, Zhou Wenbin led the special committee organs to participate in the enlarged meeting of the Feng (Run) Luan (County) Qian (An) United County Committee. Unexpectedly, an enemy situation occurred. Zhou Wenbin and several other key leaders decided to move to Yangjiapu to end the meeting. At about 12 o'clock in the evening, the special committee and the administrative organs lived in Yangjiapu and several nearby villages. Zhou Wenbin led Li Tao, secretary of the special committee organs and training class, to live in Li Zhuangzi. At dawn the next day, gunshots suddenly rang out from all sides. After brief discussions with Ding Zhenjun, secretary and commissioner of the Fourth Prefectural Party Committee, Zhou Wenbin decided to move north, but the enemy was also found in the north. At this time, the enemies on all sides had already laid siege to the Yang family. Faced with a severe enemy situation, Zhou Wenbin decided to break through from the southern slope of Felt Hat Mountain.

At the beginning of the breakthrough, Liu Jingyu, commander of the guard company, commanded the second and third platoons of fighters, and concentrated their firepower to suppress the enemy on the opposite hill to cover the cadres of the organs to break through the siege. But the enemy fire was too fierce, and the soldiers suffered heavy casualties. Just after crossing two hurdles, Ding Zhenjun was shot and killed. Zhou Wenbin was wounded in the shoulder, and the blood flowed. When he rushed into the ditch, Zhou Wenbin was seriously injured, and there were only 5 fighters left around him. Zhou Wenbin said, "Comrades! We're going to hit the last bullet! He aimed at the enemy and fired fiercely. A bullet hit Zhou Wenbin in the head, and he died heroically at the age of 36.

(Correspondent Zhang Demin Chen Guangzhi Editor Wang Jing)