Flaky trematodiasis is one of the main parasitic diseases in sheep. Flaky trematodes parasitize the liver bile ducts of ruminant livestock, can cause acute or chronic hepatitis and cholangitis, can lead to systemic poisoning and nutritional disorders, the harm is quite serious, especially sheep, can cause a large number of deaths.
epidemiology
Adults of flaky trematodes excrete a large number of eggs in the animal's bile ducts and enter the digestive tract with bile and excrete with feces. Its eggs pass through hairy cysts and tail cysts, and finally develop into adult worms in the abdominal cavity and bile ducts of cattle and sheep. The disease is endemic, with livestock grazing in low-lying, swampy areas and endemic in autumn.
Clinical symptoms
Flaky trematodiasis is often manifested as mental depression, elevated body temperature, dietitic or non-eating, anemia, jaundice, etc. Cattle are mostly chronic, mainly manifested as gradual emaciation, coarse hair, easy to fall off, decreased appetite, abnormal rumination, followed by periodic rumen expansion or anterior gastric relaxation, thinning, slow movement, weak tillage, pale mucous membranes. In the later stage, edema appears under the jaw and chest, there is a feeling of fluctuation or kneading dough, painless and heatless, and high anemia. If left untreated, you will eventually die of extreme weakness.
Precautions
To expel flakes in cattle and sheep, effective drugs are thiodichlorophenol, nitrochlorophenol, carbon tetrachloride and so on. To prevent this disease, we should mainly do the following work:
1. Timely deworming. The spread of the disease is mainly due to sick animals and insect carriers, so deworming is not only a therapeutic measure, but also a positive preventive measure. In the northern region of China, insect repellent should be carried out twice a year in late autumn and early winter and early winter and early spring, and in the southern region, three preventive deworming can be carried out.
2. Fecal treatment. The feces in the barn should be removed every day, and the feces and insect bodies discharged after deworming should be strictly handled.
3. Eliminate the intermediate host. The elimination of snails in grazing areas is best carried out in conjunction with measures such as water conservancy and the transformation of low-lying land to change the living conditions of snails. In addition, it can also be extinguished with chemical drugs, and can be used to prevent blood 67 and copper sulfate. The method of spraying can be divided into two kinds: soaking and spraying, and waterfowl can also be raised to eliminate snails.
4. Pay attention to drinking water and forage hygiene. Flaky trematodiasis is more prevalent in low-lying, moist areas. Livestock are most likely to swallow forage attached to cysticers when grazing or drinking water, so higher, dry areas should be chosen to graze whenever possible. Animals are best fed tap, well, or flowing water and kept clean to prevent infection.
