Many friends have noticed that the real European royal family is related to each other, and they marry each other, form alliances, and form an inseparable whole.
But there was one dynasty that was very different, and that was the Habsburgs in Spain.
In order to ensure the purity of the bloodline, this dynasty only married between close relatives.
You may be unfamiliar with the kings of this dynasty, but you must have brushed up on this picture
He was the last king of the Habsburg dynasty of Spain, voted the ugliest king in Europe, and his particularly prominent chin was impressive.
And this is all because of the consequences of generational marriages of close relatives.
The story begins, of course, with Carlos I, the first King of the Habsburgs.
Carlos I's father was Philip I, Grand Duke of Austria, who married Juana, the heir to the Castile throne (the mad woman juana in history), and gave birth to a son, Carlos I.
Philip I's infidelity broke the relationship between the two men, but Philip I succeeded in Spain with Juana's power.
Juana was sensitive by nature, and her husband's infidelity broke her spirits and she remained in a state of seclusion.
Later, Philip died, and Carlos continued to imprison his mother, causing the Spanish ministers to resent him and disagree with his succession.
It was also after several mediations that Carlos was finally promised to succeed to the throne, but to do the following three things
One, Carlos had to learn Spanish.
Second, the proceeds of the colony must not be transported abroad;
Third, the court may not appoint any foreigners.
Carlos agreed, so he succeeded to the throne, called Carlos I. Because of his grandfather, Carlos inherited the throne of the Holy Roman Empire.
To say more about the Holy Roman Empire, his full name should be "Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation", and its territory is mainly in today's Germany and Austria.
In fact, he is not a country, but a "supranational subject", and different countries rotate to govern.
Because of the succession of Carlos I, the Habsburgs began a 400-year reign over the Holy Roman Empire.
The reign of Carlos I was undoubtedly the strongest, and he ushered in the era of the Spanish Empire where the sun never sets.
It is often thought that the Empire of the Rising Sun is Britain, but in fact the first to claim the Empire of the Rising Sun was Spain.
In order to consolidate his power, he married the Portuguese princess Isabella.
Isabella was the daughter of Princess Aragorn Maria, the sister of Manuel I of Portugal and Juana, and the two were cousins (similar to Jia Baoyu and Xue Baochao).
Princess Maria had two older sisters, one Isabella (the same name as her niece, she was called Aragon Isabella) and one Juana
This Aragonese Princess Isabella initially married Alfonso, the only son of King Noon II of Portugal.
After his death, Alfonso married Alfonso's uncle Manuel I, and later after Isabella's death, Manuel I married Isabella's sister Maria.
Simply put, Manuel I married two aragonese sisters.
Princess Isabella was the eldest daughter of the most Portuguese king at the time, and her position in the European royal family was so high that many people wanted to take her.
In order to consolidate the relationship between the Spanish royal family and the Portuguese royal family, and also in accordance with the wishes of Queen Isabella I and Aragonese King Fernando II, the marriage between the two countries became inevitable.
Ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign, princesses can not escape the mission of marriage.
Living happily after marriage is luck, not having a good time, and there is no way to resign yourself to fate.
Juana's detached position was different and driven crazy.
Isabella was born on October 24, 1503 in Lisbon, Portugal.
She was the eldest daughter of Manuel I, the eldest brother died prematurely, and Isabella was the second in line to the throne after the second brother.
According to the data, she is intelligent, beautiful and elegant. Speaks Latin, Spanish and French.
Before Isabella's mother, Maria, died, she told her husband, Manuel, to find a king or a king's son as her husband.
In fact, before that, they were optimistic about Carlos I.
First of all, the status is equal, it is a kinship relationship, and the most important thing is the huge benefits brought by the marriage between the two countries.
Carlos needed Portugal's support, and the marriage was tightly tied and both sides benefited.
Isabella had no opinion, and the fork was on Carlos.
Carlos's advisers persuaded Carlos to make Portugal an alternative, giving priority to England.
Mary Tudor of England (later Queen Mary I of England) undoubtedly became the best candidate.
Coincidentally, Mary was also his cousin.
Mary's mother was Juana's sister Catherine, who married King Henry VIII of England and became Queen of England.
But Mary was 16 years younger than Carlos, and Carlos did not hesitate, and in 1521 they held an engagement ceremony.
In Portugal, from the royal family to the commoners, they all thought that Carlos and Isabella's marriage had come to fruition, and there was such a mistake in the middle, and after the shock was anger.
The Portuguese believed that Carlos did not know how to lift and insulted their princess.
Isabella was calm, and she still expressed her desire to marry Carlos or go to the convent.
What seems impossible has become possible because of a series of changes in the British royal family.
In 1525, Catherine was expelled from the palace because she had not been able to give birth to a boy to Henry VIII, and Mary was deprived of all treatment, and was considered illegitimate by her father.
Carlos could not wait any longer, and immediately canceled his engagement with Mary (Mary later married Carlos' son Philip II, and her aunt married her nephew), and abandoned the idea of an alliance with England.
What happened next went beyond imagination, Carlos and Isabella were engaged, and Isabella's second brother João would marry Carlos's sister Catalina.
Portugal gave Isabella a huge dowry of 900,000 Portuguese cross silver dollars.
In this way, the marriage was finalized, and everyone was happy.
In March 1526, Isabella arrived in Serbia to wait for Carlos, and a week later, Carlos also arrived.
On March 11, the two had a grand wedding in Serbia.
After marriage, the relationship between the two was very good, and they gave birth to 7 children in succession, two children died prematurely, and all the others became adults.
And Isabella has shown a high level of political leadership.
When Carlos was not in Spain, The Regency of Isabella, from the information left behind, she was very insightful about the problems between countries on the Iberian Peninsula.
In addition, her high-quality education at home and her strong personality allow her to control the situation with ease.
Historically, her political initiatives have been decisive in defending the Iberian Peninsula and the coasts of North Africa from sea raids.
This evaluation is already very high.
At the same time as the regent, she also took care of the children personally, especially the education of the eldest son Philip II.
Unfortunately, the sequelae of the marriage of close relatives have begun to appear, the face shape is particularly long, and the ground is serious.
And this situation becomes more and more serious as generations of close relatives marry.
Isabella's health was not very good, and the pain left by successive births made her body even weaker.
Later she traveled in Spain, where several malarias devastated her.
In her later stages, she had a long-term fever, but she was pregnant again, causing prenatal complications, and the child died after birth, and she also died two weeks later.
Carlos continued his footsteps and began his colonial path of expansion.
The Martin-Luther Reformation, as we know it, was in full swing during this period, and in addition, it was involved in four wars in France.
In order to compete for Italy, France has provoked many wars, and Spain has not to be outdone, losing a lot of human and financial resources.
In order to gain Portugal's support, Spain gave Portugal the location of present-day Brazil.
The interests are always mutual and the most tempting.
The strong will fight each other, and the weak will be slaughtered.
Such a monarch who claimed to be the king and the hegemon, in his later years, retreated because of the plague of illness, and handed over power to his son and brother.
Interest, power is probably the theme song of this period.
As the heir to a large family, Carlos worked for the monarchy of the country from birth to death.
It's better to be engaged to Mary or to marry Isabella, but because he's going to make an alliance.
Expansion or colonial plunder, but because of his ambitions.
Fish and flesh of the people, the use of arms, political alliances, and the exchange of interests are common dramas.
In that era, all this was understood
And we are even more fortunate to be born in times of peace and live in a country with democracy and the rule of law.
When you look at the country becoming stronger, watch life get better, and look back at history, you will be grateful.