In the history of Sun Wu, there are two systems of epoch-making significance, these two systems are the system of giving land to the guest and the system of hereditary leadership, in addition to these two systems of the system of xiangxiang is an important symbol of Sun Quan from King Wu to Emperor Wu. Since Huang Wu's first year (222 AD), When Sun Quan established the Chancellor, there have been more than a dozen people who have served as Chancellors. Compared with the other two states (Note: The State of Wei continued the three public rulings of the Eastern Han Dynasty before Sima Zhao's destruction of Shu). Their popularity was slightly lower than that of Wei Shu. However, Sun Wu had such a chancellor, who served as Xiang Guo in a time of critical survival, and eventually lost the enemy and martyred the country, he was the last xiang of Eastern Wu Zhang Ti.
Although there are famous ministers such as Lu Xun, Bu Qi, and Zhuge Ke in Jiangdong, they are more like Zhang Ti
Zhang Ti , a native of Xiangyang County, Jingzhou , is different from other young geniuses who are erudite and versatile , while Zhang Ti is known for distinguishing between right and wrong , in modern parlance . However, this man of understanding did not go to the State of Wei to serve in the country, but instead defected to Sun Wu, who was on the weaker side (Note: Xiangyang Commandery was divided from Nan Commandery after Cao Cao occupied Jingzhou in the thirteenth year of Jian'an, and it has always been under the control of Cao Weifang). In December of the first year of Yong'an (258 CE), Sun Xiu, the Emperor of Wujing, who had been on the throne for less than four months, with the help of his ministers Zhang Xiu and Ding Feng, ended the farce that had been going on since the battle between the two palaces. But the effects of the later upheavals are far from over. First of all, the strength of the Eastern Wu state was no longer as great as before, and it was difficult to compete with Cao Wei (after Sun Qiang reinforced Shouchun, the State of Wu had almost no Northern Expedition). Secondly, the most consumed in this farce were the elites of Eastern Wu. Lu Xun, Quan Chun, Zhu Zhao, Zhuge Ke and others died one after another in this farce, and the whole state of Wu could be described as devastated. In order to change the predicament, Sun Xiu began to implement a series of measures: first to restore the reputation of those who were persecuted because of the chaotic government of the second grandson, and then to introduce the strategy of educating and rejuvenating the country. The Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms, The Biography of Sun Xiu, records this event in detail: "The ancients founded the country, and teaching came first, so the Tao shi ruled the world and nourished the time vessel." Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, there have been many current events, and the officials and the people have tended to do their work in the present, going to the end of the original and not following the ancient path. If the husband is not ashamed, he will be hurt and corrupt. In his case, the ancient scholar official, the Doctor of the Five Classics, was selected for selection, and his favor was added, and those who were aspiring to be among the officials and the children of the generals were employed. One-year-old class test, poor quality, to be rewarded. Let those who see it enjoy it, and those who hear it envy their reputation. King of Tun and customs of Elong. Sun Xiu wanted to cultivate and select talents through education, and he had already sought to survive the crisis, so Zhang Ti was also promoted to lieutenant of tun riding. In the sixth year of Yong'an (263 AD), Sima Zhao, in order to eliminate the bad influence of the Wei emperor Cao Xian, changed the previous strategy of first Wu and then Shu, and the 180,000 troops divided into three ways to cut down Shu. At this time, some people asked Zhang Ti that since Sima Shi took power, although there had been many disasters that had been solved, the people did not obey them. Now the people of the expedition to Shu are sleepy and tired, and they do not know how to sympathize, and they will undoubtedly lose. However, Zhang Ti did not think so, believing that although Cao Cao had done great feats in China and was mighty and powerful, he advocated power and techniques, causing the common people to fear him. In the era of Cao Pi and Cao Rui, not only did they not impose benevolent government, but they intensified their efforts, building palaces inside, and harassing them outside, and had long lost the hearts of the people. But by the time of Sima Yi's father and son, the situation changed, and they abolished the heavy and heavy taxes and miscellaneous taxes, allowing the people to live and work in peace and contentment. The people had been subjugating them for a long time, so the three rebels in Huainan had not suffered any losses. After Cao Xi's death, the surrounding areas were not alarmed, on the contrary, they could still make the best use of their talents, which could be described as the right time and place and all the possessions. Now the Shu Han Dynasty, the eunuch dictatorship, poor soldiers, soldiers and people are tired, bent on external expansion, and do not prepare defensive equipment, who is strong and who is weak is obvious. Even if Cao Wei did not succeed, it was not painful or itchy for them, and if he succeeded, it would be beneficial to the State of Wu. After listening to it, the man laughed at Zhang Ti's words, and as a result, in this year, the Shu Han was destroyed, and the three-legged situation collapsed instantly. For the Wu state, the demise of shu Han was not the biggest blow. The following year, Sun Xiu's death dealt a fatal blow to Sun Wu, who was on the right track.
Sun Quan may not have expected that Sun Wu, who had worked so hard to establish that year, had died out in one infighting after another
In the seventh year of Yong'an (264 AD), Sun Xiu died of illness, and before his death, he entrusted the ten-year-old crown prince to the chancellor Puyang Xing. PuYangxing, who had taken over the burden, knew that he would face many difficulties. Sure enough, a rebellion broke out on the border of Jiaoxing because of Sun Xiu's death, and the government and the public were greatly shocked, in addition to sima Zhao after the destruction of Shu, sima Zhao began to prepare for the plan to unify the three kingdoms. Eastern Wu can be described as internal and external troubles, and the courtiers have written to demand the establishment of a new and elderly monarch. After all, the Eastern Wu up and down were more reluctant to this combination of young lords and strong subjects, and had no choice but to find another candidate, which was that The Left Dianjun Wan Yu had a relatively good relationship with Sun Hao during his tenure as Wucheng Ling (later Wan Yu was appointed by Sun Hao as the Right Minister), and recommended Sun Hao to say that he was knowledgeable and observed the law, and even more praised him for having the style of Sun Ce at that time. So the two persuaded Empress Zhu to appoint Sun Hao as the new king, a decision that became the fuse for the demise of the State of Wu, but at the time it was a last resort. There were indeed many people in the clan who were older than the crown prince, such as Sun Xiu's fifth brother Sun Fen, who had more advantages than any prince in terms of seniority, but Sun Fen's character was not good (although it was a little unjust). Peers look at Sun Hao is indeed the oldest. (Although Prince Xuan had three sons, Sun Deng, died early, and the second son, Sun Ying, committed suicide because of his failed attempt to get rid of Sun Jun.) Marquis Sun Of Jianchang died prematurely and had no heirs. The younger brother Sun De was about the same age as the crown prince) Therefore, Sun Hao became the best candidate, and sun Hao did show the style of a Ming Emperor after he ascended the throne, and the Biography of Jiang Biao records: "Hao Chu Li, Fa Youzhao, Compassion for the People, KaiCang Yu, Zhen Poverty, Ke Chu Palace Lady with No Wife, Animals and Animals Disturbing the Garden are all let go." At that time, he was called the Ming Lord. During this period, Zhang Ti was also promoted from lieutenant of tun riding school to military division (the military division here refers to the official position of supervising military affairs). But then Sun Hao gradually revealed his rough and arrogant nature and tyrannical rule. Puyang Xing and Zhang Bu were killed, and Empress Zhu and Crown Prince Xian were forced to die. What's more, the original capital was moved from Jianye to Wuchang (Sun Quan had also done it before, but it was an extraordinary strategy to resist Liu Bei. After becoming emperor, Sun Quan moved the capital back to Jianye. At that time, there was a nursery rhyme that read, "I'd rather drink Jianye water than Eat Wuchang fish." Ning also died in Jianye, not only Wuchangju. "Expressing dissatisfaction with the relocation of the capital. Subsequently, Sun Hao reused He Ding, Cen Di and other courtiers, and the government and the public engaged in black smoke miasma. So what is zhang ti's reaction as a person who understands? The "Wu Lu" records: "Ti Shao is well-known, and he is in charge of great responsibilities, and he is interested in the times, and will protect the left and right, and the Qing theory will ridicule him." In other words, Zhang Ti pretended to be hanging high without caring about himself in order to protect himself. For the State of Wu, baoding in the first year (266 AD) of the Jin Dynasty Wei dynasty was doomed to the final unification of the State of Wu, but in the second year of Jianheng to the third year of the Tianji (270-279 AD) qin Liang's change to continue the pace of the unification of the Jin state, but Sun Hao did not realize the existence of the problem, continued his extravagant and lavish life, and gradually lost the trust of the people. In August of the third year of tianji, Zhang Ti was promoted to chancellor and took over this hot potato. In December of the same year, Emperor Sima Yan of the Jin Dynasty divided his troops into six routes to attack Eastern Wu, and Sun Hao ordered Zhang Ti, Shen Ying, Zhuge Liang, and others to lead 30,000 soldiers to cross the river to meet the battle. This is both The first and last battle of Zhang Ti as the manager.
Sun Hao only had Sun Ce's temper but not Sun Ce's ambition
After reaching the front line, they faced the enemy troops of Wang Hun who were marching from the crossing of the Hengjiang River. Before Zhang Ti's arrival, Wang Hun was in a state of flux, and the Eastern Wu general Chen Dai and the Pingyu general Zhu Ming saw that he could not simply surrender in order to protect himself, and most of the land of Jingzhou had fallen into the hands of the Jin army. The two sides faced each other against Niuzhu, and Shen Ying, the Taishou of Danyang, after analyzing the form of the enemy and us, said: "The Jin state has been preparing a water army in Shudi for a long time, and now the strength of the whole country has come to cut down Wu, and it must be only a matter of leading the Yizhou troops to go down the river, our front is not guarded, the famous generals have all died one after another, and some inexperienced people have taken office, I am afraid that the cities along the river have long been captured by the Jin army." Sooner or later, the troops of the Jin Army will come to this place, and we should concentrate the strength of the people to wait for work. Crossing the river now may not have won in the past, but if we lose, the whole of Jiangdong will be finished. Shen Ying's plan was the most reasonable plan from the perspective of that time, and this plan also had precedents before the State of Wu, that is, the Battle of Yiling, Lu Xun's great destruction of the Shu Han army. Lu Xun took advantage of the strategy of retreating to advance, luring the enemy deep into the final fire to burn the company camp and win with one blow. However, Zhang Ti opposed this opinion that the famous generals of the State of Wu were dead, which was already known to passers-by, if the Yizhou soldiers came here, then the military spirit would definitely be in chaos and could not be restored, and now it was time to cross the river and go to duel with the Jin army, and if he lost, he would sacrifice his life for the country and have no regrets. In case of victory, take advantage of the situation to break the enemy army. But according to your plan, then we can only sit still, and when the monarch surrenders, is it not a shame that no one dies! So I crossed the river to meet the battle. Why would Zhang Ti use this way of hitting stones with pebbles? First of all, Zhang Ti's military ability is indeed not good, although he serves as a lieutenant of the Tun Cavalry, a military division and other military positions, but he does not formally command the battle, and like Ma Mo, it is only in theory and not in practice. This can be seen from the fact that Zhang Qiao's fraudulent surrender after he later crossed the river can be seen that Zhuge Liang once told him that Zhang Qiao might use the trick of surrendering to delay the army, waiting for the arrival of reinforcements, and now it should be quickly annihilated, but Zhang Ti did not use it. Second, Zhang Ti knew better than anyone that the situation encountered by the State of Wu was different from the Battle of Yiling, which was only a Shu army marching all the way down the river into Eastern Wu, and Cao Wei in the north sat on the mountain to watch the tiger fight. Now the State of Wu is facing an enemy on six sides, and it is only a matter of time before it will perish. As a result, the Wu army defeated Shen Ying and Sun Zhenli and died. As the commander-in-chief, Zhang Ti was also preparing to die and martyr the country, when Zhuge Liang had a good relationship with Zhang Ti and asked people to pull Zhang Ti to escape together, but Zhang Ti refused. Zhuge Liang personally went to persuade him: "O giant first! The survival of the world has its definite number, so why seek death here? Zhang Ti burst into tears: "Zi Si, today is the time of my death, when I was a child, I was appreciated by your family's prime minister, often worried that I could not die, failed to live up to the blessings of Ming Xian, and now I have died where I want, why should I run away?" "Zhang Ti used your family's chancellor to express his determination to Zhuge Liang, and here your family's chancellor must refer to Zhuge Ke, although Hu Zhuan records as Zhuge Liang (丞相, also known as Zhuge Liangye). Or Zhuge Jin. Yu is a Xiangyang person of Zhang Ti, and Gai Liang knows Tong Youye in Jingzhou. Bi Zhu also believed that zhuge Liang (Zhuge Jin was not a chancellor, Zhang Ti referred to Wu Hou without a doubt. But it doesn't fit in time at all. The Jiankang Shilu records that Zhuge Ke was promoted to the title of Xiang (丞相) after the Battle of Dongxing (加恪督) of the Chinese and foreign militaries, Jingyang Erzhou Mu, Xiang Xiang, and Marquis of Yangdu. But whether it is Zhuge Liang or Zhuge Ke. Zhang Ti also hoped that he would bow down like the two sages and die. After Zhuge Liang listened, he also shed tears and stopped persuading each other, and just after taking a hundred steps, he saw Zhang Ti being killed by the Jin army. Soon after, Sun Hao surrendered, Eastern Wu perished, and the Western Jin Dynasty unified the Three Kingdoms.
Although Zhang Ti did not have the ability of Zhuge Wuhou and Zhuge Ke, he had the same loyalty
"Du Preba Mountain saw the big banner, and Jiangdong Zhang Ti was loyal to him. He has exhausted the king's anger and cannot bear to secretly live and lose his knowledge. In the last sentence of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, there is such a poem praising Zhang Ti's loyalty and observance. As an understanding person, he knew that the general trend of Jin and Wu was immutable, but at the time of the crisis of the Wu kingdom, he became a "fool" and led the army without hesitation. The result was not perfect, but as the last chancellor of Eastern Wu, martyrdom showed the Jin army that the Wu people would rather die than yield. And when he was young, he was appreciated by such a proud and proud person as Zhuge Ke, which showed that Zhang Ti had his own unique shining point. Perhaps Zhang Ti is like a mirror, illuminating all kinds of human feelings, but not illuminating himself!