During the Three Kingdoms period at the end of the Han Dynasty, the position of Chancellor was in the Three Kingdoms of Wei Shu and Wu, and it was an important position under one person and above ten thousand people. However, in Shu Han and Cao Wei, the chancellor was actually a very rare official position. As far as Cao Wei was concerned, in fact, since Cao Cao and Cao Pi, no one had held the position of chancellor, and after the change of Gao Pingling, Cao Fang made Sima Yi a chancellor, and Sima Yi repeatedly refused. After Sima Yi's death, Sima Zhao served as Cao Wei's chancellor. As for the Shu Han Dynasty, after the death of Zhuge Liang, the later lord Liu Chan actually abolished the post of Chancellor, and for Jiang Huan, Fei Yi, Jiang Wei and others, it was the official position of a great general or Shang Shuling to hold great power.
Correspondingly, as far as Eastern Wu is concerned, there have been eleven ministers before and after. Among them, Zhang Ti, who is going to talk about this article, is the last chancellor of Eastern Wu. As the last chancellor of Eastern Wu, Zhang Ti could have surrendered to the Western Jin Dynasty, but he chose to martyr himself, thus ending the position of Eastern Wu chancellor.
One
First of all, Zhang Ti (236-280), the character Juxian. A native of Xiangyang County, Jingzhou (present-day Xiangyang, Hubei Province). Before Zhang Ti was born, Eastern Wu had already defeated Guan Yu and occupied most of Jingzhou. On this basis, Zhang Ti and other talents born in the Jingzhou area naturally entered the Wu Dynasty Hall one after another. In the sixth year of Yong'an (263), Cao Wei sent troops to conquer Shu Han in the south. At the time of the Battle of Wei and Shu, many of The Eastern Wu's generals believed that Shu Han could resist for a long time, but Zhang Ti believed that Shu Han would definitely surrender to Cao Wei.
As a result, the situation was the same as Zhang Ti's expectations, and the later lord Liu Chan quickly surrendered to Deng Ai, which meant the official demise of Shu Han. In August of the third year of the Tianji Dynasty (279), Zhang Ti was promoted to the rank of Chancellor of the Army and was given the title of Marquis of Shandu (recorded in the Records of Jiankang as The Chronicle of Jiankang, the general of the leading division). Because of the lack of historical materials, it is difficult to find Zhang Ti's previous official experience.
Two
However, Zhang Ti, who can clearly see the general trend of the world, is obviously not a mediocre talent. In 279, on the eve of the fall of Eastern Wu, Zhang Ti was promoted to chancellor. Maybe Zhang Ti wouldn't have thought that he would become the last chancellor of Eastern Wu. Before Zhang Ti, Ministers such as Lu Xun, Bu Qi, and Lu Kai held this position. In particular, during Lu Xun's tenure as Chancellor of Eastern Wu, it can be said that he was the peak of Eastern Wu's power. At that time, Eastern Wu not only captured Jingzhou, but also defeated Cao Wei in battles such as the Battle of Shiting.
However, after the deaths of Lu Xun and Sun Quan, Eastern Wu fell into civil unrest, and not only Zhuge Ke, the son of Zhuge Jin, was killed because of the civil unrest. Moreover, this led to frequent alternation of eastern Wu monarchs, thus depleting the national strength of the State of Wu. In the fourth year of the Tianji Dynasty (280), 17 years after the destruction of the Shu Han Dynasty, the Western Jin dynasty army officially attacked Eastern Wu, with the goal of eliminating Eastern Wu and completely ending the Three Kingdoms era. In this battle, The Eastern Wu Emperor Sun Hao ordered Zhang Ti's generals Shen Ying and Zhuge Liang to lead 30,000 people across the river to meet the battle.
Three
It is worth noting that Zhuge Liang, who followed Zhang Ti in resisting the Western Jin Dynasty, was a descendant of Zhuge Feng, a lieutenant of the Western Han Dynasty, a descendant of Zhuge Liang, a sage of the Shu Han Dynasty, and the son of Zhuge Shi, a chancellor of Cao Wei. After Zhuge Liang's rebellion, Zhuge Liang defected to Eastern Wu. In the Battle of Jin and Wu, Zhang Ti believed that everyone could not sit still and should take the initiative to cross the river to meet the enemy. As a result, Zhang Ti led 30,000 soldiers and horses across the river to meet the battle, and as a result, he encountered a Western Jin army with far more troops than his own.
After the elimination of the Shu Han, the overall strength of the Western Jin Dynasty was undoubtedly several times that of Eastern Wu. Therefore, in this battle, the Western Jin Dynasty naturally invested more than 200,000 troops, thus easily defeating the 30,000 troops led by Zhang Ti. On this basis, Zhuge Liang retreated with five or six hundred people and asked people to pull Zhang Ti along, but Zhang Ti refused. Therefore, Zhuge Liang advised Zhang Ti that he should recognize the current affairs as Junjie and not be stubborn and stubborn.
Four
Finally, in response, Zhang Ti said in tears: "Today is my death date." Now that you can be martyred, why should you flee? Don't stop me anymore. Seeing Zhang Ti's determination to resist the Western Jin army to the death, Zhuge Liang could not help but shed tears. Eventually, Zhang Ti was killed by the Western Jin dynasty. Against the background of Zhang Ti's death on the battlefield and the collapse of other generals, the Eastern Wu Emperor Sun Hao tied his hands and pulled the coffin and went to Wang Mao's army gate to surrender. At this point, the Jin army even conquered the four prefectures and forty-three counties of Eastern Wu, surrendered 230,000 Wu troops, and Eastern Wu was declared extinct, and the situation of the three kingdoms standing side by side also ended.
For Zhang Ti, who was martyred, Luo Guanzhong also expressed an attitude of affirmation and appreciation, saying in the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms": "Du Prebashan saw the big banner, and Zhang Ti in Jiangdong was loyal to him. He has exhausted the king's anger and cannot bear to secretly live and lose his knowledge. In summary, as the last chancellor of Eastern Wu, Zhang Wuning did not surrender, and used loyalty to draw a conclusion to the position of Eastern Wu chancellor, so as to be worthy of his heart and worthy of heaven and earth.