"In that dense forest of books, there are my camps everywhere..." Huang Zongying in 2002, sun Jiansan
Huang Zongying, a famous film performance artist and writer in China and the winner of the Lifetime Achievement Award of the 7th Shanghai Literature and Art Award, passed away at 3:28 this morning at the age of 95.
In 2014, Huang Zongying's 90th birthday, Yu Zhi, former deputy director of the PEN Department of Wen Wei Po, wrote an article for him——
This is a still of Huang Zongying's 1942 starring drama "Sweet Sister". Huang Zongying is an old friend and author of Wen Wei Po, as early as 1946, when she was in her early 20s, she serialized the prose essay "Cold Window Walking Pen" in Wen Wei Po.
The head of the bed was covered with all kinds of smiling animals and small rag dolls; the small table was piled with books she was reading; a back chair, a bed, this is all the activity space of Huang Zongying. Due to the inconvenience of movement, every time I went to see her, she sat quietly on the chair by the bed, or read a book, or recuperated, and her quiet and serene image could not be associated with the "sweet sister" who rode a horse on the stage and was heroic and sassy, and the "cloud people" who climbed the mountain and waded in the water.
On the afternoon of the last day in 2013, I went to the hospital again to visit Huang Zongying's eldest sister, wearing a big red plaid scarf and four red fluffy balls falling from the end. I know she loves red. One winter a few years ago, when I went to see her, she pointed to a red plaid scarf around my neck and said, "Can you give me this scarf?" I said, "Of course you can!" I took off the scarf and handed it to her, and my lover wrapped it around the old man's neck, and she smiled. I feel lucky.
This time, it was also my lover who wrapped the scarf with the pompom on the old man and said to her: "If you don't like these four fluff balls, you can untie them at any time." The old man smiled and said, "Like, like!" I said to her, "In a dozen hours, you will be ninety." She said happily, "Yes, yes!" With that, the old man took out a photo from the table next to him and showed it to us: "This is my second sister, who is a hundred years old this year." In Tianjin. "I look at the old man in the photo, smiling and playing with a colored balloon in his hand. I said to her, "It's okay for you to be a hundred years old." The old man was like a child, and a smile appeared on his plump face. People call the old man "old child", in my opinion, the ninety-year-old huang Zongying sister is such a cute "old child".
The "old child" has a cardamom age that makes her proud and full of longing. Six years ago, when I was editing Yong'an Wencong, I accidentally found a colorful cover photo of Huang Zongying in more than a hundred issues of Yong'an Monthly, which was a still of her famous work and drama "Sweet Sister": a jacket and leather suit, boots, a horse whip in hand, and a heroic posture. I asked my friend to enlarge the still and give it to her with a frame, and she was so happy that she placed it on the windowsill of the ward. She said that she herself did not have this photo, and Brother Jiang Jincheng (the author of the book "Huang Zongying's Painting Biography") also said that he had been compiling Huang Zongying's painting biography for many years and had never seen this precious photo. Huang Zongying recalled to me: "'Sweet Sister' was my first stage play and my famous work, and I was about eighteen years old when I took this photo, when Yongan Company used a bus to pull the stars to their photo studios to take pictures. At that time, there were hundreds of stars who took cover photos for Yong'an Monthly, including Bai Yang, Shangguan Yunzhu, Tong Zhiling, Zhou Xuan, Chen Yunsheng, Jiang Tianliu, Gong Qiuxia, Qin Yi and so on.
"Sweet Sister" was staged for a long time at the Calden Theater (originally located on the Yellow River Road next to the Daguang Cinema, later renamed the Yangtze River Theater, now demolished) for a long time, and it was a sensation, with a total of hundreds of performances in the past few years. Her horse outfit became the fashion chased by fashionable women of that year, and some rich women took the leather ruler of the tailor to measure her costume. A little girl who lived in the alley opposite the theater (she still remembers the name of the little girl, called Zhen Zhen) was entrusted by her grandmother to carry an enamel multi-drawer lunch box containing pickled tuk tuk soup, blind meat, green vegetables and rice, and gave it to Huang Zongying. The little girl said that Grandma and Father were going to invite her to her house for dinner in the future, across the road, and she could go without unloading. After that day, the little girl would come to pull Huang Zongying to her house every day to eat. "Grandma always stuffed tamales and dried ham into my bowl, and she also said: No wonder people are thin, how can they eat abnormally at a young age?" Huang Zongying still does not forget this enthusiastic family. Huang Zong's handsome and beautiful stage image also attracted many Shanghai men, every night after the performance, there are always young men waiting for her at the back door of the theater, some want to see the style of the stars, some are about to eat supper, but also the wide, "small open" car to pick her up ... Huang Zongying recalled this scene of his youth, always shyly and sweetly smiling: "At that time, I was young, and I was really scared out!" ”
Huang Zongying came to Shanghai with his eldest brother Huang Zongjiang to perform dramas at the age of 15, signed his first film contract with the film company that year, and in the following years, he starred in the well-known and popular movies "Home", "Beauty", "Happy Rhapsody", "Crows and Sparrows", "Streets and Alleys", "Chickens Chirping Early to See the Sky", etc., becoming an outstanding performance artist with a generation of stars such as Bai Yang, Qin Yi, and Shangguan Yunzhu.
Huang Zongying not only stayed in the audience's impression with her excellent screen image, but also left her timeless words and numerous literary works to the vast number of readers and literary circles. She is an old friend and old author of Wen Wei Po, as early as 1946, when she was in her early 20s, she serialized the prose essay "Cold Window Walking Pen" in Wen Wei Po and won readers; the reportage she created , "Little Girl Carrying the Big Banner", "Cabin", "Big Goose Love", "Beautiful Eyes"; the prose collection "Star", "Orange" and so on were praised for a while. In the early 1980s, I was working at Wenhui Monthly, and one day she said to me, "Can you talk to your leader, give me a 'Wen Wei Po Special Press Card', and reimburse me for travel expenses for writing reportage. "Immediately after I returned to the company, I reported to Comrade Lu Hao, the deputy editor-in-chief who was in charge of the interview at the time, and he agreed and told me that the manuscript she wrote should be given to Wen Wei Po, and Huang Zongying also agreed. Her monthly salary at that time was 230 yuan, although it was not low at that time, but it was impossible to eat the travel expenses to run the frontier, and that year and month, a soft sleeper from Shanghai to Beijing alone cost 96 yuan. More than thirty years ago, she thought she was in her early 50s, and after self-imposed reforms, she went to the countryside to work and in the days when she interviewed Xu Fengxiang, she only sat in a hard bed, and she encouraged herself in Chekhov's words: Writers should take the third class car. When you go to another province, you don't go to the provincial party committee, but find an ordinary guest house to live in. There is no bathroom, on a hot day, the male residents are wearing shorts and washing in the yard, while Huang Zongying, in her own words, "can only rush into the shorts and take a basin of cold water, back to the house to wash from beginning to end." "Stop on the road, sometimes hungry, buy two melons and nibble them, quench your thirst and quench your hunger." In a letter she gave me during the interview with Gao Yuan, a paragraph described it like this: "We couldn't find a car, according to the original plan, we took the northern line of Sichuan-Tibet Road to Chengdu by car, the whole journey was more than 1800 kilometers, at an altitude of 2700 meters in Bomi, and now it is winter, the morning and evening climate is below zero, indoor ice, not to mention the mountain at an altitude of 4000-5000 meters... I would love to experience the 1,800-kilometer road (more than 600 kilometers also over the high Sessilla Mountains, 4,700 meters above sea level), right?). Since many cadres and the masses have to take this road! ...... It is difficult to understand the times, the people, and the status quo without sharing weal and woe with the masses. My task, I think, is not just to hand over an article or two. In her letter, she also disclosed to me about the death of a Teacher aiding Tibet at Zamu Middle School not long ago. To be honest, I read her letter at the time and took a breath! A woman over half a hundred years old should take such a risk to interview and explore a spirit, and her actions themselves embody the conscience and spirit of a writer. What she wanted to interview and write this time was the famous reportage she later published in wenhui monthly magazine, "Log Cabin" that wrote the deeds of Xu Fengxiang, an expert in alpine forest ecology, which immediately caused a strong response in the literary circles after its publication, and many authoritative newspapers and periodicals across the country reprinted it, and won the first outstanding reportage award in the new era of China after the end of the "Cultural Revolution".
For this experience, Huang Zongying is full of gratitude to Wen Wei Po. She wrote in an article: "At that time, the press card worked, the train ticket was tight, and the press card did not have to queue. The press card also avoids making myself an interviewee. I am deeply grateful to Wen Wei Po. ”
The ninety-year-old "old child" has a crystal pure love. "Old children" love "little children". Huang Zongying served as the deputy director of the Welfare Department of the Shanghai Drama and Film Association and the director of the association's nursery school. He who loves will have a childlike heart. Maybe she was old, and her childlike heart was even hotter. In recent years, I have often brought my little grandson and some photos to show her, and her happiness and joy are undisguised in her bright smile, and I say again and again: "Good white, good white!" ”...... The aura of love and the nostalgia for the beautiful things in life make me sigh endlessly! I think that this kind of love is by no means a transparent manifestation of a person's human commonality, a good human being, and this kind of love that comes from nature is only at the twilight of life, and his (her) attachment to life and to all the beautiful things on earth is more real and stronger.
Huang Zongying is not only a talented artist, but also an upright and conscientious writer. In 1983, I interviewed Huang Zongying in Shekou's "Dule Bookstore" and went to her Huaihai Road home in Shanghai, for more than thirty years, because of the working relationship, I had more contact and conversation with her, and there were two things in my impression that she always adhered to her integrity and correct views: First, the injustice in Zhao Dan's art, from the criticism of the movie "Wuxun Chuan" that Zhao Dan called "a major tragic encounter in art history" (see Zhao Dan: "Screen Image Creation" book), to not allowing Zhao Dan to play Lu Xun, Zhou Enlai, etc. Until the criticism of his article published in the People's Daily before his death. I understand that this kind of block of her chest is not only because of Zhao Dan's personal. Zhao Dan and Huang Zongying are both progressive young people engaged in revolutionary cultural undertakings in the old Shanghai Guotong District, they yearn for progress and yearn for new China, the movies "The Crow and the Sparrow" and "The Legend of Martial Arts" were created almost at the same time on the eve of the founding of the People's Republic of China, and the progressive nature of the works exposing darkness and praising the conscience is indisputable. The "Biography of Martial Training" was prepared in 1948 under extremely difficult conditions under the scrutiny of Kuomintang agents, and the following year, under Zhou Enlai's instruction to "liven up the spirit of martial arts training", the director Sun Yu and Zhao Dan and all the cast members worked day and night, under the condition of shortage of funds and other difficult conditions, and finally worked together to complete it. The film was performed after the founding of the People's Republic of China and received excellent evaluations from audiences and newspapers and public opinion throughout the country (it was screened in Zhongnanhai four days before the performance, and was also praised by Zhu De, Zhou Enlai and other central leaders). But what they did not expect was that in 1951, "The Tale of Martial Arts" was criticized nationwide, and this was not a slap in the face for cultural workers who aspired to light and progress? They are suspicious and confused, always suspecting that they are wrong. As for the criticism of Zhao Dan's "last words", she was even more grumpy. Therefore, she expressed her sincere gratitude to Ba Jin for affirming Zhao Dan's article in Caprice. History has developed to this day, and facts have proved that Huang Zongying's persistence was correct (in 1986, the State Council restored her reputation as "Wuxun Biography"); second, 12 years ago, she responsibly wrote the article "I Am on the Spot - Personally Listening to the Dialogue between Mao Zedong and Luo Jinan" that aroused strong repercussions in the cultural circles and academic circles 12 years ago (see the book "Elephant Character Self-Description Series, Huang Zongying's Self-Description" edited by Li Hui, Elephant Publishing House). The only living witness wrote Mao Zedong's comments on Lu Xun on July 7, 1957, in response to Luo Jinan's questioning, and corrected inaccurate statements that had been published and published.
Huang Zongying started from the sixteen-year-old drama "Sweet Sister" sensational shanghai beach, her acting and pen farming career has gone through a full seventy-four spring and autumn, July 13 this year is her ninetieth birthday. Here, I sincerely wish this old friend of Wen Wei Po, the old author, and my respected predecessors a happy birthday, health and longevity!
Author: Yu Zhi
Editor: Zhou Minxian