Author: Dai Ke, Source: Tang Poetry song poetry ancient poems (ID: tsgsc8)
Before I talk about Yang Guifei, I would like to talk about an experience of teaching in a primary school.
It was the only elementary school in the town, and two of the only ten female teachers had similar names. In addition to the difference in surnames, their names are composed of two characters: Yuhuan. So, I can't help but wonder, why are people willing to use such a historically controversial symbol as a name?
After asking those well-informed old people a few times, I finally came to the conclusion that in the hearts of the people, Yang Yuhuan was not a "red face and disaster water" who misled the country and harmed people, but a human fairy who was loved by everyone! Her status can even be compared with the rumored Meng Jiang Nu and the Seven Fairies. So, what is it that makes her so popular? I had to pursue again.
01
In the seventh year of the new century, that is, in 719 AD, a chubby baby girl was born in the home of Yang Xuanyan, who joined the army of Sima of Shuzhou. Yang Xuanyan named her daughter Yuhuan, and she was the famous Yang Guifei in later history. This year, Tang Xuanzong was thirty-five years old, and there were more than a dozen children.
It may be that both are plump and transparent, Yang Yuhuan has liked to eat lychees since he was a child, and his father Yang Xuanyan has held his daughter to pick them after his official duties. Picking it like this, picking up Yang Yuhuan's ten-year-old, Yang Xuanyan cried out in a sick state. As soon as his father died, the family lost its support, fortunately, Yang Xuanyan's younger brother Yang Xuanjue attached more importance to brotherhood and righteousness, and took his sister-in-law's family to Luoyang to live with him.
Although Yang Xuanjue was only a petty official of the Seven Pins, Yang Yuhuan's life during this period was generally happy. Her uncle not only provided her with her brothers and sisters to study together, but also hired a special dance teacher for her after learning of Xiao Yuhuan's dance talent. Although the expenses were large, the investment was not in vain and soon paid off.
In the twenty-second year of the new century (734), famine broke out again in Chang'an City. Because of the shortage of grain reserves, Tang Xuanzong could only take the wen and military officials to the eastern capital Luoyang to live temporarily. After coming to Luoyang, the officials of the DPRK and China had many contacts with local people, among whom the inspector Yang Shenming was very close to Yang Xuanjue.
Because the two were good friends, Yang Yuhuan ran to Yang Shenming's house to play without a problem, and inadvertently got acquainted with Princess Changning. Princess Changning was Tang Xuanzong's cousin, and later, at her recommendation, Yang Yuhuan became the wedding bridesmaid of Tang Xuanzong and Princess Xianyi, the daughter of Concubine Wu Hui. It was also when attending the wedding that the natural beauty of The Jade Ring deeply captured the soul of a young prince, who was Li Mao, the King of Shou.
Li Mao didn't take much effort to chase Yang Yuhuan to his hand. In the end, it is still the two people who favor each other. In the eyes of Yuhuan and his family, it must have been the blessing of the ancestors to find such a Ruyi Langjun. Therefore, Yang Xuanjue did not even think about it and accepted the dowry of King Shou. After the initiation of Emperor Xuanzong, Li Mao and Yuhuan chose a day to marry.
Some people may wonder, is it possible that at his son's wedding, Xuanzong has never seen his daughter-in-law? If he really liked it, why didn't he grab it at the beginning, but wait until three or four years later, the relationship between the two was basically stable, and he took great pains to occupy Yang Yuhuan for himself?
I think one of the biggest reasons is that Tang Xuanzong had his own favorite concubine at this time, Concubine Wu Huifei. Therefore, she did not fall in love with Yang Yuhuan at first sight. Even if he felt that she had a bit of a posture, if Wu Huifei had been alive, he would not have done such a ridiculous thing later. The problem was that Wu Huifei's death caused emotional damage to Tang Xuanzong, and he had to find sustenance from another woman.
02
Concubine Wu used all kinds of intrigues and tricks in order to help her own son King Shou compete for the position of crown prince. First, he consistently framed and alienated the emperor, and then he planned to kill the crown prince Li Ying and his two good brothers Li Yao and Li Jutongtong. The prince and his brothers swore before their deaths that the ghosts would not spare the poisonous woman. At that time, Wu Huifei only regarded this as an indictment of the successful people of the past losers, but she did not expect to say a word, and she was quickly found by these wronged spirits. All day long, he was frightened and insane, and eventually died violently.
As soon as Wu Huifei died, Li Linfu also began to look for new partners. Due to the death of his mother, Li Mao, the King of Shou, his power soon disintegrated. Without supporters, not only will the position of crown prince be in vain, but even his daughter-in-law will be robbed by his father.
In order to relieve the pain of the emperor's first loss of his beloved concubine. Colliers traveled to the southern provinces and brought back a woman who was out of her mind. Because of his love for plum blossoms, Emperor Xuanzong gave her the name Mei Concubine. The Tang Dynasty advocated fullness, and a slim woman like Princess Mei was fresh for a while, and over time, the emperor was a little hot and cold. In the blink of an eye, in October, Tang Xuanzong was going to Huaqing Pond to soak in the hot springs again. This time, his sons and daughters followed in droves.
When Tang Xuanzong was dizzy after drinking, suddenly a figure with a posture and character like Wu Huifei appeared in front of him, this person was no one else, it was his daughter-in-law Yang Yuhuan. Tang Xuanzong stared for half a day, unconsciously stunned. Wait until the sons toast themselves before returning to God. He immediately covered up his gaffe. But he was looked at by Colliers on the side. When he returned that night, he discussed with Tang Xuanzong about taking in Yang Yuhuan.
Tang Xuanzong said, "Good villain is my daughter-in-law, what should I do so as not to be criticized?" Gao Lishi quoted Wu Zetian's experience in those years, and Tang Xuanzong was suddenly enlightened. Sure enough, the Li family's way of doing things is the same. Emperor Xuanzong soon decreed that Yang Yuhuan should be ordained as a female crown to pray for the blessing of the late old empress.
King Shou may have seen through this intention at that time. But there is no way, sooner or later what should be lost will have to be lost, especially in an environment that cannot be controlled by oneself. Shou Wang was in pain at that time, and many people may not understand it, but it was like the heartache when he lost his first love.
03
In the twenty-eighth year of the new century, Yang Yuhuan was admitted to the emperor's harem and became a female Taoist priest. Emperor Xuanzong gave her the title Taizhen. Too true, too true, too naïve indeed. I don't know if Yang Yuhuan understood the emperor's meaning at that time, but one thing was very clear, she definitely knew that she couldn't go back.
In the following time, Tang Xuanzong went to see Yang Taizhen when he had nothing to do. Wait until winter and take her to Huaqing Pool to soak in the hot springs. During the day, this female Daoist priest pretended to recite the sutra and keep peace, and at night she and Tang Xuanzong sang and entertained, and was unscrupulous. After a long time, everyone knew the inside story, and Tang Xuanzong did not hide it, and earnestly found a daughter-in-law for his son King Shou, and then crowned Yang Yuhuan as a concubine. As a result, the graceful Yang Guifei stepped onto the stage of history!
In the first year of Tianbao (742 AD), Li Bai received an edict from the Tang Emperor to order him to come to Beijing to take up a post. Li Bai thought to himself, my talent was finally seen by the emperor. But to his surprise, the emperor only saw his talent. Li Bai galloped all the way, and after coming to Beijing, he quickly found out the doorway. His existence was nothing more than to witness the glory of the prosperous world together with Xuanzong and Noble Concubines. When Emperor Xuanzong was in trouble, he asked Li Bai to write poems, and when he was fine, he would lie alone in any corner of the palace and drink.
On this day, Xuanzong and Yang Guifei held a banquet at the Shenxiang Pavilion. Yang Yuhuan proposed: "Why not let Li Hanlin compose poetry to help entertain?" Xuanzong said, "Princess Ai reminds you very much." So he sent someone to summon Li Bai to see him. When the emissary found Li Bai, he was drunk and unconscious. There was no way but to pour a scoop of cold water first, then sort out the clothes and crowns, and help to face the saint. After seeing Li Bai, Xuanzong said that the weather was just right today, and Aifei's dancing posture was even more unique, but unfortunately there was no new word to match, so he made a song. Li Bai was hazy and wrote the following verses with a mouth cream pen!
The clouds want to dress and flowers, and the spring breeze blows Revlon.
If it were not for the jade mountain head, it would meet the Yaotai Moon.
- "Part 1"
A branch of red dew condensed incense, cloud rain Wushan cut off the intestines.
Borrowing from the Han Palace who has to be like, poor Fei Yan leans on the new makeup.
- "Part II"
The famous flowers are happy with the country, and the king looks at it with a smile.
Explain the infinite hatred of the spring wind, and the agarwood pavilion leans on the north to dry.
- "Part III"
This essay by Tang Xuanzong on the topic of "Yang Guifei", if some other candidates of the same era were to answer, even first-class poets would be killed in an instant. In Li Bai's chest, I don't know how much talent there is. Perhaps, like the wine he drank, the more he drank, the more drunk he became, and the more exposed the poem became. When Xuanzong and Yang Guifei saw such a new word, they were so shocked that they didn't know what to do, and only blindly appreciated it. And I also thought of the line in "The Legend of the Demon Cat": "Datang has you, it is really remarkable!" ”
04
After Yang Guifei was favored, her uncles and brothers and sisters were promoted to higher ranks. In addition to the arrogance of the three ladies, some collateral relatives are also beautiful. The representative figure in this is Yang Guozhong.
Yang Guozhong, whose real name is Yang Zhao, is Yang Yuhuan's brother and is not very close in blood. Because no one cared about it since he was a child, Yang Zhao developed the problem of eating, drinking and gambling. On weekdays, he loves to gamble money and loses his family. In order to avoid debt, Yang Zhao relied on the family of his uncle Yang Xuanyan. The old uncle did not do much and barely paid off the debt, but yang Zhao then gambled again, and when the creditor chased after the door, the uncle could not manage it. Yang Zhao could only run.
Yang Zhao mixed among his relatives in this way, and later no one wanted to see him, so he had no choice but to join the army. After entering the barracks, he was driven out again because of gambling. At this time, his life should have fallen to the lowest level, self-destruction. But by chance, Yang Zhao heard that his cousin Yang Yuhuan had become a noble concubine. Yang Zhao's brain is flexible, busy getting some specialties from his hometown, and wants to go into Beijing to make a fuss. He first found the residence of the third sister, Lady Yu guo, and deceived her sympathy with his white appearance and sweet words. After being introduced by the third sister, he met his cousin Yang Guifei. The noble concubine blew the wind in Xuanzong's ears, and Yang Zhao got an errand for The Jinwu soldier Cao to join the army.
In the years that followed, Yang Zhao's officials became bigger and bigger, and in order to show his loyalty, he pleaded with the emperor to change his name. Emperor Xuanzong saw that he was so patriotic and deeply patriotic, and gave him the name of Guozhong. The name Tang Xuanzong made quite appropriate. National loyalty, national loyalty. The person who got this name not only never been loyal to the country, but on the contrary, he was also the one who pushed the country to its demise.
In the game against Li Linfu, it ended with Yang Guozhong's victory. Li Linfu not only died, but was also whipped by the kaiguan, stripped of his official position, and exiled by his children. This kind of deceit among the traitors and courtiers is in response to the words of Liu Xie, the "Duke of Shanyang": "The former people who have collected the land and the land will be harvested by the people, and the posterity will receive Hugh and rejoice, and there will be people in the back." ”
After Yang Guozhong defeated Li Linfu, he officially ascended to the throne of prime minister. This position may be supported by thousands of people, or it may be condemned by everyone. Yang Guozhong belongs to the second party. And in order to kill himself, he also made a lot of efforts.
In order to suppress dissidents, Yang Guozhong accused An Lushan of plotting rebellion. An Lushan wanted to rebel, but everything was not ready. Tang Xuanzong summoned An Lushan for questioning, and seeing that he had a handful of snot and a handful of tears, and felt real in his words, he decided to let him go back, and said: "I am very relieved that there is your town guard on the frontier!" Yang Guozhong was very angry when he heard this, An Lushan's power was getting bigger and bigger, and he had always been a threat to himself. Therefore, he began to weave all kinds of evidence, hoping that the emperor would detain An Lushan in the capital and relieve him of power. When this chess piece fell, An Lushan's rebellion could only be advanced.
05
In the fourteenth year of Tianbao (755 AD), An Lushan and the old Shi Siming raised an army under the name of "Jie Guozhong, Qing Jun's Side", and the An Shi Rebellion broke out. Yang Guozhong should have panicked, because the slogan put forward by others was to kill him! But at this time, the entire Tang Empire had not yet taken An Lushan into account. Emperor Xuanzong sent two generals, Feng Changqing and Gao Xianzhi, on a crusade.
After the two men took office, they experienced several small battles, and finally decided to stick to Tongguan from a long-term perspective. This news was reported to Emperor Xuanzong by the eunuchs of the supervising army, and Yang Guozhong added fuel to the fire: "The responsibility for the loss of Luoyang is all their incompetence!" Emperor Xuanzong felt the same way, and eventually beheaded the two generals for the crime of "losing his law and losing his master". The defeat in this battle, in addition to the dimwitted of the emperor and the prime minister, the obstruction of the supervision army also played a role that could not be underestimated. Eunuchs' finger-pointing would in itself lead to internal restraint in the army. This is also the reason why, when Pei Du later left the army, he strongly demanded that Xianzong revoke the post of superintendent.
Killing the general before the battle is a big taboo for soldiers. Tang Xuanzong had no one to send, and could only let the white-haired veteran Ge Shuhan, who had already suffered a stroke, take command of the expedition. Goshuhan also believes that it is not appropriate to take the initiative at present, and it is necessary to stick to it. Subsequently, Emperor Xuanzong placed several armies under the command of Ge Shuhan. Yang Guozhong saw that his power was getting bigger and bigger, and he was afraid that Ge Shuhan would not be good for him after he made meritorious service, so he took the initiative to attack first, blindly addressing the emperor and asking for the initiative to attack. Tang Xuanzong's ears were soft, and he could not resist the seduction of the traitors, and finally ordered the army to be sent. Goshuhan had no choice but to send troops, and as a result, he was ambushed and lost more than 100,000 people. Tongguan was lost.
When the news of the loss of Tongguan came, Tang Xuanzong could only pack up his things and flee. Where to escape? Yang Guozhong's suggestion was Sichuan. As a result, the sky was bright, and the emperor, noble concubines, and ministers were all escorted by the longwu general Chen Xuanli and fled to Shudi. The crown prince followed step by step, and as soon as he arrived at Ma Songyi, he conspired with Chen Xuanli and began to bully his father in the name of "Qing Jun's side".
Early in the morning, Tang Xuanzong heard the noise outside and sent Gao Lishi out to check it out. As soon as Gao Lishi came out, he saw Yang Guozhong's head on the flagpole, and several ministers who were close to Yang Guozhong were also executed. Colliers asked everyone what their request was, and the soldiers only said that they wanted to see the emperor. Colliers was busy reporting the matter to Emperor Xuanzong. Emperor Xuanzong walked out with the support of Gao Lishi and announced: "All the generals have meritorious deeds in killing and killing the rebels, and when you return to Shu Prefecture, you should be rewarded for your merits!" The general did not want to be rewarded, but then shouted: "Yang Guozhong is plotting rebellion, and it is not appropriate for the noble concubine to stay by the emperor's side." Please the Emperor cut love the Fa-rectification! Shouting, the spear slammed into the ground, splashing with a cloud of dust.
I have to say that the prince and others are really very high in this move. Killing Yang Guozhong, a second Yang Guozhong may emerge in the future, but by killing Yang Guifei, the Yang family's power will completely collapse; at the same time, it will also destroy the old emperor's love. Murder is a curse, more or less.
06
Tang Xuanzong had no choice but to order Gao Lishi to lay down three feet of white silk and strangle Yang Guifei. As soon as the noble concubine died, the body was wrapped in a futon and buried on the spot, and later Xuanzong returned to Beijing and sent emissaries to Ma Songhou to bury the noble concubine and dig up the soil, her bones were already broken, leaving only a sachet. Emperor Xuanzong was depressed all day long, and he died of illness a few years later.
In the first year of Yuan He (806), Bai Juyi served as a lieutenant of Zhou Zhi County, visited the Xianyou Temple with his friends Chen Hong and Wang Zhifu, lamented the story of Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei, and wrote the "Long Hate Song" with the character Zhu Jie.
Bai Juyi was a person who was adjacent to the xuanzong era, so he could only be kept secret from the king. The first few sentences are pure nonsense and do not need to be serious. But when it comes to the spring cold bath, the Yuyang Drum is telling the truth. When it came to the slope of the horse ridge, the six armies did not send out, like a moth eyebrow before the dead horse, this protracted love finally ended in tragedy. However, this is not the end, and then he uses the cleverness of the unknown to create a perfect fairy story. It is a Taoist monk, another Immortal Mountain, another soul, and another Yellow Spring. But what is the end result? It is still a tragedy, and it is a tragedy and a tragedy.
When I was a teenager, I once thought: in this "in the heavenly wish to be compared to the winged bird, in the earth wish to be a lianli branch", when there is the author's obsession and affection for the first love XiangLing. Later, I realized that even as an emperor, sometimes I could not keep my love, let alone all sentient beings in the world. Although it is destined to be lost, it is also the truest form of love.
So, be bold and love! Even if the result is: the sky is long and sometimes ends, and this hatred is endless...
-Author-
Kong Yao. Pen name Daiko. Love life, love literature, love poetry. A pure and simple literary and artistic youth; a red fan who is difficult to extricate himself; an ethereal ancient poetry writer!